本發明屬于鋰(li)電(dian)池制備領域，具體(ti)涉及一種多層復合電(dian)解(jie)質鋰(li)電(dian)池的制備方法。

背景技術：

目(mu)前隨(sui)著移動設備的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車輛的(de)普及(ji)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池儲能(neng)(neng)續航能(neng)(neng)力需求(qiu)也越來(lai)越高。目(mu)前綜合性能(neng)(neng)優異的(de)鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池作為移動設備及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車的(de)主(zhu)要動力來(lai)源(yuan)，該鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池體(ti)系主(zhu)要由(you)(you)含鋰(li)金屬氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，聚(ju)合物(wu)隔(ge)膜，碳酸(suan)酯或醚類電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液，石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)或石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)摻(chan)雜硅材料(liao)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)構成。而正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)采用鋰(li)金屬氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)，負極(ji)(ji)(ji)采用石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)的(de)體(ti)系已經接近(jin)材料(liao)質量比能(neng)(neng)量的(de)理論極(ji)(ji)(ji)限，約為250至(zhi)300wh/kg。而摻(chan)雜硅的(de)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)，由(you)(you)于硅在鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中，體(ti)積會發(fa)(fa)生巨大變化(hua)，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)池負極(ji)(ji)(ji)粉末化(hua)容量衰(shuai)減甚至(zhi)引發(fa)(fa)爆炸。

更(geng)換電(dian)極(ji)(ji)材料，特別(bie)是負極(ji)(ji)由石墨或者(zhe)摻雜硅的(de)(de)石墨材料更(geng)換為(wei)鋰(li)金屬單質(zhi)（具(ju)有3800mah/g容(rong)量(liang)(liang)，標(biao)準電(dian)極(ji)(ji)電(dian)勢-3.04v）或鋰(li)合金可以極(ji)(ji)大(da)地提(ti)升(sheng)鋰(li)離子電(dian)池的(de)(de)比容(rong)量(liang)(liang)。然而，在傳統電(dian)解液隔膜(mo)二次鋰(li)電(dian)池中，直接應用負極(ji)(ji)進行(xing)充放電(dian)會不可避(bi)免地生成鋰(li)枝(zhi)晶，從而帶來容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)迅速衰減及內短路的(de)(de)風險。因而應用具(ju)有一定剛性（高(gao)彈性模量(liang)(liang)）的(de)(de)固態電(dian)解質(zhi)能夠有效的(de)(de)阻礙(ai)鋰(li)枝(zhi)晶的(de)(de)產生以及避(bi)免內短路的(de)(de)風險。

但(dan)是(shi)，由于這種(zhong)固態(tai)電解質極高(gao)的(de)彈性模量，會(hui)與正(zheng)負極之間產生(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)界面(mian)阻抗，降低鋰(li)離子的(de)遷移能力，增(zeng)(zeng)加電池(chi)內(nei)阻，降低電池(chi)高(gao)倍率下的(de)容(rong)量。而且隨著電池(chi)循環，正(zheng)負極的(de)體積發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)變化，正(zheng)負極與電解質發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)脫離，會(hui)進一步增(zeng)(zeng)加電池(chi)的(de)內(nei)阻。

技術實現要素：

本發(fa)明針(zhen)對(dui)上述問題(ti)，通過多層電(dian)解質(zhi)復合，降低(di)界面阻抗，保持充放電(dian)循(xun)環過程中正負極與(yu)電(dian)解質(zhi)的持續接觸，保持電(dian)池(chi)的內阻不(bu)會發(fa)生大幅(fu)度變化，從而獲得高比容量，同時保持電(dian)池(chi)的安(an)全性(xing)與(yu)循(xun)環壽命等(deng)性(xing)能。

實現本發明(ming)的技術方案是：一種多層復合電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)鋰(li)(li)電池的制(zhi)備方法，所述鋰(li)(li)電池從上到下依次(ci)包括(kuo)正極片層、低(di)彈性模(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層ⅰ、高(gao)彈性模(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層、低(di)彈性模(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層ⅱ、負極片層；具體步驟如下：

（1）將(jiang)鋰(li)金屬通(tong)過電(dian)鍍或者(zhe)輥(gun)壓的方式貼合于(yu)銅箔(bo)上，形(xing)成電(dian)池的負極片層(ceng)；

（2）將正極活(huo)性材(cai)料(liao)涂覆(fu)于鋁箔(bo)上，形成(cheng)電池的正極片層(ceng)；

（3）將鋰(li)鹽溶(rong)解(jie)于有機(ji)溶(rong)劑中、或將鋰(li)鹽與環氧樹脂混合(he)均(jun)勻得(de)到低彈性模量電解(jie)質；

（4）將高分子聚(ju)合物與鋰鹽(yan)混(hun)合，加熱(re)(re)至(zhi)300-350℃保持0.5-12h，冷卻(que)至(zhi)室(shi)溫后將混(hun)合物打碎成(cheng)顆粒(li)，利用擠出機在溫度為300-350℃下將顆粒(li)擠出成(cheng)卷(juan)狀薄膜，冷卻(que)至(zhi)室(shi)溫；將電子受體溶于(yu)二氧六環中得到(dao)浸漬(zi)液，之后將得到(dao)的(de)卷(juan)狀薄膜放入(ru)浸漬(zi)液中，在60-200℃下密閉(bi)加熱(re)(re)1-30h，得到(dao)高彈性模量電解質層(ceng)；

（5）將步驟（1）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)負極(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、步驟（2）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和步驟（4）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進行(xing)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)，之(zhi)后向負極(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間注入步驟（3）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)低(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間注入步驟（3）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)低(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后從(cong)上到(dao)下(xia)依次為(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后密封，在60-80℃下(xia)加熱0.5-12h，得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)鋰電(dian)池。

所述步驟（2）中的正極(ji)活性材料(liao)是鎳鈷錳三(san)元材料(liao)、鎳鈷鋁三(san)元材料(liao)、錳酸鋰、鈦酸鋰、磷、硫、多硫化鋰或磷酸鐵鋰。

所述步(bu)驟(zou)（3）和步(bu)驟(zou)（4）中鋰鹽為(wei)lioh、litfsi、lifsi、lifnfsi或liclo4。

所述(shu)步驟（3）中(zhong)的(de)有機溶劑為碳酸丙烯酯(zhi)、碳酸乙烯酯(zhi)、碳酸二乙酯(zhi)或碳酸二甲酯(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)任(ren)意兩種組合(he)。

所(suo)述(shu)步驟（4）中高(gao)分子聚(ju)合物為聚(ju)苯硫醚(mi)或聚(ju)苯醚(mi)，電子受(shou)體(ti)為四氯苯醌(kun)、二(er)氯二(er)氰苯醌(kun)、四氰乙烯、四氰基(ji)對二(er)次甲基(ji)苯醌(kun)或氧分子。

所述步驟（4）中(zhong)高(gao)分子聚合物(wu)、鋰(li)鹽與電子受體的質量(liang)比是10：（2-8）：（1-10）。

所述步驟(zou)（3）將鋰鹽溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)于(yu)有機溶(rong)劑中(zhong)得到的(de)低(di)彈性模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)液(ye)態(tai)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)，鋰鹽的(de)濃度為(wei)0.5-1.5mol/l；向液(ye)態(tai)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)加入丙(bing)烯酸(suan)酯、含氟(fu)(fu)聚合物(wu)或(huo)環氧樹(shu)脂得到凝膠電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)，加入丙(bing)烯酸(suan)酯、含氟(fu)(fu)聚合物(wu)或(huo)環氧樹(shu)脂的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)為(wei)液(ye)態(tai)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)的(de)1-30%。

所述步(bu)驟(zou)（3）中的鋰(li)鹽和(he)環氧樹脂按照(zhao)鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)與氧原子(zi)(zi)的摩爾(er)比為1：（4-20），將鋰(li)鹽與環氧樹脂混合均勻得(de)到低(di)彈性(xing)模量電(dian)解質。

本發明的有益效果是：本發明制備了具有多層電解質結構的鋰離子電池，該電解質具有較高的電導率，在室溫下能夠大于10^-4s/cm，且彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)大于0.1gpa；該多層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)同(tong)(tong)時具有(you)高彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)及(ji)(ji)低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)，高彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)能夠(gou)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)擋鋰(li)枝晶(jing)，而低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)能夠(gou)保持固(gu)態(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)正負(fu)極(ji)充分接觸(chu)，降(jiang)低界面阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗，在循(xun)環(huan)過(guo)程中(zhong)抑制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的增大，提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的循(xun)環(huan)壽命及(ji)(ji)比(bi)容量(liang)。同(tong)(tong)時，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)應用鋰(li)金屬負(fu)極(ji)提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的比(bi)容量(liang)；固(gu)態(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)之間很可能不能緊(jin)密(mi)貼(tie)合造成界面阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗，增加電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的內阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的容量(liang)，通過(guo)多層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)，令電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)之間能夠(gou)獲得極(ji)好(hao)的接觸(chu)，提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力。同(tong)(tong)時，隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的循(xun)環(huan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的體(ti)積也會發生變(bian)化，導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)與固(gu)態(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的分離，引(yin)發容量(liang)下降(jiang)，應用多層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)，彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)小的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)能夠(gou)隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)體(ti)積變(bian)化而變(bian)化，始終(zhong)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的緊(jin)密(mi)接觸(chu)。由此方案構(gou)(gou)(gou)成的鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)具有(you)比(bi)容量(liang)高，安全性(xing)佳(jia)，循(xun)環(huan)壽命好(hao)的特點。

附圖說明

圖1是實施例1中鋰(li)電池不同(tong)倍率下放(fang)電容量曲線。

圖(tu)2是實施例1中鋰電池(chi)循環壽(shou)命示意(yi)圖(tu)。

具體實施方式

實施例1

本實施例提出(chu)了(le)一種多層(ceng)復合電(dian)解(jie)質鋰電(dian)池(chi)的制(zhi)(zhi)備方法，所述鋰電(dian)池(chi)從上到下依次包括正極片層(ceng)、低彈(dan)性模(mo)量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質層(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)性模(mo)量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質層(ceng)、低彈(dan)性模(mo)量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質層(ceng)ⅱ、負極片層(ceng)；制(zhi)(zhi)備步驟(zou)如(ru)下：

（1）將鋰金屬通(tong)過(guo)電鍍或者輥壓的(de)方式貼合于銅(tong)箔上，形(xing)成電池的(de)負極片層；

（2）將(jiang)錳酸(suan)鋰(li)涂覆于鋁箔(bo)上，形成電池的正極片(pian)層；

（3）將(jiang)lipf6溶解于(yu)碳(tan)酸(suan)丙烯酯和碳(tan)酸(suan)乙(yi)烯酯的混合溶劑中，混合均勻得(de)到低彈性模量電解質(zhi)（液(ye)態電解質(zhi)），lipf6的濃度為1mol/l；

（4）將聚苯硫(liu)醚與litfsi混(hun)(hun)合，加(jia)熱至(zhi)300℃保持12h，冷(leng)卻至(zhi)室(shi)溫(wen)后將混(hun)(hun)合物打(da)碎成(cheng)顆(ke)粒(li)，利用(yong)擠出機在溫(wen)度為300℃下將顆(ke)粒(li)擠出成(cheng)卷狀(zhuang)(zhuang)薄膜(mo)，冷(leng)卻至(zhi)室(shi)溫(wen)；將四氯(lv)苯醌溶(rong)于二(er)氧(yang)六環中得(de)到浸漬(zi)液，之后將得(de)到的(de)卷狀(zhuang)(zhuang)薄膜(mo)放(fang)入(ru)浸漬(zi)液中，在60℃下密閉加(jia)熱30h，得(de)到高(gao)彈性(xing)模量電解質層；聚苯硫(liu)醚、litfsi與四氯(lv)苯醌的(de)質量比是10：2：1；

（5）將步(bu)驟（1）得(de)到(dao)的負極(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、步(bu)驟（2）得(de)到(dao)的正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和步(bu)驟（4）得(de)到(dao)的高彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)行層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊，之后向負極(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和高彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間注(zhu)入(ru)步(bu)驟（3）得(de)到(dao)的低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、形(xing)(xing)成低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和高彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間注(zhu)入(ru)步(bu)驟（3）得(de)到(dao)的低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、形(xing)(xing)成低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊后從(cong)上(shang)到(dao)下(xia)依次為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊后密封，60℃下(xia)加熱12h，得(de)到(dao)鋰電(dian)(dian)池。

從圖1可(ke)以看出電(dian)池在室(shi)溫高倍率(lv)下可(ke)以保持非(fei)常好(hao)的容(rong)量，有著(zhu)與(yu)液態電(dian)解質鋰電(dian)池近似的高倍率(lv)性能，遠遠高于目前報導(dao)的使用單層(ceng)固態電(dian)解質的鋰電(dian)池在室(shi)溫高倍率(lv)下的放電(dian)容(rong)量。

圖2可以看出，在應用鋰金(jin)屬負極的情況下(xia)，多(duo)層復合固(gu)態電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質的循環壽命要(yao)比普(pu)通的隔膜液態電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質鋰電(dian)(dian)池長(chang)很多(duo)，且在幾(ji)百次循環后沒有出現(xian)內短路等安全問題。體(ti)現(xian)出了在鋰金(jin)屬電(dian)(dian)池上(shang)多(duo)層固(gu)態電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質的優勢。

實施例2

本實施例提出了一種(zhong)多層(ceng)(ceng)復合電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的制(zhi)備方法，所述鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)從(cong)上到下依次(ci)包(bao)括(kuo)正極片層(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)性(xing)模量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質層(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極片層(ceng)(ceng)；制(zhi)備步驟如(ru)下：

（1）將鋰金屬通過(guo)電鍍或者輥壓的方式貼合于銅箔上，形成電池的負極片層；

（2）將(jiang)錳酸鋰涂覆于(yu)鋁(lv)箔上，形成電(dian)池的正極片層(ceng)；

（3）將(jiang)litfsi溶解(jie)于碳(tan)酸(suan)(suan)丙烯酯(zhi)和碳(tan)酸(suan)(suan)二乙酯(zhi)的(de)混合(he)溶劑中，混合(he)均(jun)勻(yun)得到低(di)彈(dan)性模量電解(jie)質（液態(tai)電解(jie)質），litfsi的(de)濃度為0.7mol/l；

（4）將(jiang)(jiang)聚苯(ben)醚(mi)與litfsi混(hun)合，加熱(re)至(zhi)310℃保持(chi)10h，冷卻(que)(que)至(zhi)室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)后將(jiang)(jiang)混(hun)合物打碎成顆粒(li)，利用擠出(chu)機在溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度為310℃下將(jiang)(jiang)顆粒(li)擠出(chu)成卷(juan)狀薄膜，冷卻(que)(que)至(zhi)室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)；將(jiang)(jiang)二(er)氯二(er)氰苯(ben)醌溶(rong)于二(er)氧六環中得(de)到(dao)浸(jin)漬(zi)液，之后將(jiang)(jiang)得(de)到(dao)的(de)卷(juan)狀薄膜放(fang)入(ru)浸(jin)漬(zi)液中，在80℃下密閉加熱(re)25h，得(de)到(dao)高彈(dan)性模(mo)量(liang)電解質層；聚苯(ben)醚(mi)、litfsi與二(er)氯二(er)氰苯(ben)醌的(de)質量(liang)比是10：3：2；

（5）將步(bu)驟（1）得(de)到的(de)(de)負極片(pian)(pian)層、步(bu)驟（2）得(de)到的(de)(de)正(zheng)極片(pian)(pian)層和(he)步(bu)驟（4）得(de)到的(de)(de)高彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層進(jin)行(xing)層疊(die)，之(zhi)后向負極片(pian)(pian)層和(he)高彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層之(zhi)間注(zhu)入步(bu)驟（3）得(de)到的(de)(de)低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層ⅰ，向正(zheng)極片(pian)(pian)層和(he)高彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層之(zhi)間注(zhu)入步(bu)驟（3）得(de)到的(de)(de)低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層ⅱ，層疊(die)后從(cong)上(shang)到下(xia)依次為(wei)正(zheng)極片(pian)(pian)層、低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層ⅰ、高彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層、低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層ⅱ、負極片(pian)(pian)層，層疊(die)后密封(feng)，65℃下(xia)加熱10h，得(de)到鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

實施例3

本實(shi)施例提出了一種(zhong)多層復合電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)鋰電池(chi)的制備方法(fa)，所(suo)述(shu)鋰電池(chi)從上(shang)到下(xia)(xia)依次包括正極片層、低彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層ⅰ、高彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層、低彈(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層ⅱ、負極片層；制備步(bu)驟如下(xia)(xia)：

（1）將鋰金屬通過電鍍或者(zhe)輥壓(ya)的方式貼合于銅(tong)箔(bo)上，形成(cheng)電池的負極片層；

（2）將鈦酸鋰涂覆于鋁箔上，形成電池的正極(ji)片層；

（3）將lifsi溶(rong)解(jie)于(yu)碳(tan)酸乙烯酯(zhi)和碳(tan)酸二甲酯(zhi)的(de)混(hun)合(he)溶(rong)劑中，混(hun)合(he)均勻(yun)得到低彈性(xing)模量電解(jie)質(zhi)（液態電解(jie)質(zhi)），lifsi的(de)濃度為1.0mol/l；

（4）將(jiang)聚(ju)苯硫醚(mi)與lifsi混(hun)合，加熱(re)(re)至(zhi)320℃保(bao)持8h，冷(leng)卻(que)至(zhi)室(shi)溫后將(jiang)混(hun)合物(wu)打碎成顆粒，利用(yong)擠出(chu)(chu)機在(zai)溫度(du)為320℃下將(jiang)顆粒擠出(chu)(chu)成卷狀薄膜，冷(leng)卻(que)至(zhi)室(shi)溫；將(jiang)四(si)氰乙(yi)烯(xi)溶于(yu)二氧六(liu)環溶劑中得(de)到(dao)浸漬液，之后將(jiang)得(de)到(dao)的卷狀薄膜放入(ru)浸漬液中，在(zai)120℃下密閉加熱(re)(re)22h，得(de)到(dao)高彈性模量電解質；聚(ju)苯硫醚(mi)、lifsi與四(si)氰乙(yi)烯(xi)的質量比是10：4：4；

（5）將步驟(zou)（1）得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、步驟(zou)（2）得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)正極(ji)(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和步驟(zou)（4）得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)高(gao)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)行(xing)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)，之后(hou)(hou)向負(fu)極(ji)(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和高(gao)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間注入(ru)步驟(zou)（3）得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向正極(ji)(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和高(gao)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間注入(ru)步驟(zou)（3）得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后(hou)(hou)從上到(dao)下(xia)依次為正極(ji)(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高(gao)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負(fu)極(ji)(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后(hou)(hou)密(mi)封(feng)，在70℃下(xia)加熱8h，得(de)到(dao)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

實施例4

本(ben)實施例提出(chu)了一種多層(ceng)(ceng)復合電(dian)解(jie)質鋰(li)電(dian)池的(de)制備方法(fa)，所述(shu)鋰(li)電(dian)池從上(shang)到下(xia)依次包括正(zheng)極片層(ceng)(ceng)、低彈(dan)性模量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)性模量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)、低彈(dan)性模量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極片層(ceng)(ceng)；制備步驟如下(xia)：

（1）將鋰(li)金屬(shu)通過電鍍或者輥壓的方式貼(tie)合于銅箔上，形成電池(chi)的負極片層；

（2）將(jiang)磷涂(tu)覆(fu)于鋁箔上，形(xing)成電池的正極片層；

（3）將lifnfsi溶解(jie)于碳酸二(er)乙酯和(he)碳酸二(er)甲酯的(de)混合溶劑中(zhong)，混合均勻(yun)液態(tai)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)，lifnfsi的(de)濃(nong)度為1.2mol/l，向液態(tai)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)加入環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂（雙(shuang)酚a型(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂），環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂的(de)加入量(liang)(liang)為液態(tai)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)15%，得到低彈性模(mo)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)；

（4）將(jiang)(jiang)聚(ju)苯醚與lifnfsi混(hun)(hun)合，加熱至330℃保持6h，冷卻(que)至室溫后將(jiang)(jiang)混(hun)(hun)合物(wu)打(da)碎(sui)成(cheng)顆粒(li)，利用擠出機在(zai)溫度為330℃下將(jiang)(jiang)顆粒(li)擠出成(cheng)卷狀薄膜(mo)，冷卻(que)至室溫；將(jiang)(jiang)四氰基(ji)對二(er)次甲(jia)基(ji)苯醌溶于(yu)二(er)氧六環中得到(dao)浸漬液(ye)，之后將(jiang)(jiang)得到(dao)的卷狀薄膜(mo)放(fang)入浸漬液(ye)中，在(zai)150℃下密閉加熱15h，得到(dao)高(gao)彈(dan)性模量電解質層；聚(ju)苯醚、lifnfsi與四氰基(ji)對二(er)次甲(jia)基(ji)苯醌的質量比(bi)是10：5：5；

（5）將(jiang)步驟（1）得(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)、步驟（2）得(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)正極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)和(he)步驟（4）得(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)高彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)進行層(ceng)疊，之(zhi)(zhi)后向負極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)和(he)高彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)間注入步驟（3）得(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質、形成低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)ⅰ，向正極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)和(he)高彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)間注入步驟（3）得(de)(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質、形成低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)疊后從上到(dao)下依(yi)次為正極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)、低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)(liang)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)，層(ceng)疊后密封，75℃下加熱5h，得(de)(de)到(dao)鋰電(dian)池(chi)。

實施例5

本實(shi)施例提(ti)出了一種多層(ceng)復合(he)電解質鋰電池(chi)的制備(bei)方法(fa)，所(suo)述鋰電池(chi)從上(shang)到(dao)下依次包括正極(ji)片層(ceng)、低彈(dan)(dan)性模(mo)量電解質層(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)(dan)性模(mo)量電解質層(ceng)、低彈(dan)(dan)性模(mo)量電解質層(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)片層(ceng)；制備(bei)步驟如下：

（1）將鋰金屬(shu)通過電鍍或者(zhe)輥(gun)壓(ya)的方(fang)式(shi)貼合于銅箔上，形成(cheng)電池(chi)的負(fu)極片層；

（2）將(jiang)多硫化(hua)鋰涂覆于鋁箔上，形成電(dian)池的(de)正極片層(ceng)；

（3）將liclo4溶(rong)解(jie)于(yu)碳酸(suan)丙(bing)烯酯和碳酸(suan)二甲酯的(de)混合(he)溶(rong)劑中，liclo4的(de)濃度為0.7mol/l，得(de)到(dao)液(ye)態(tai)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，向液(ye)態(tai)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中加(jia)入(ru)丙(bing)烯酸(suan)酯（乙氧(yang)化季(ji)(ji)戊四(si)醇四(si)丙(bing)烯酸(suan)酯），混合(he)均勻得(de)到(dao)低彈(dan)性模量(liang)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（凝膠電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)），丙(bing)烯酸(suan)酯（乙氧(yang)化季(ji)(ji)戊四(si)醇四(si)丙(bing)烯酸(suan)酯）的(de)加(jia)入(ru)量(liang)為液(ye)態(tai)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)1%；

（4）將(jiang)聚苯硫(liu)醚與lioh混(hun)合，加熱至(zhi)340℃保持4h，冷卻至(zhi)室(shi)溫后(hou)將(jiang)混(hun)合物打(da)碎成顆粒(li)，利(li)用(yong)擠出機在溫度為(wei)340℃下將(jiang)顆粒(li)擠出成卷狀薄膜，冷卻至(zhi)室(shi)溫；將(jiang)氧分子(zi)溶(rong)于二氧六環溶(rong)劑中(zhong)得到(dao)(dao)浸漬(zi)液，之(zhi)后(hou)將(jiang)得到(dao)(dao)的卷狀薄膜放入浸漬(zi)液中(zhong)，在170℃下密閉加熱10h，得到(dao)(dao)高彈性(xing)模量(liang)電解質(zhi)層；聚苯硫(liu)醚、lioh與氧分子(zi)的質(zhi)量(liang)比是10：6：7；

（5）將(jiang)步(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)（1）得到的(de)(de)負極(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)、步(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)（2）得到的(de)(de)正(zheng)極(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)步(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)（4）得到的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)進行層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)，之后(hou)向(xiang)負極(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)之間注(zhu)入步(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)（3）得到的(de)(de)低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向(xiang)正(zheng)極(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)之間注(zhu)入步(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)（3）得到的(de)(de)低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)、形(xing)成低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后(hou)從上到下依次為(wei)正(zheng)極(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高(gao)(gao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后(hou)密封，80℃下加(jia)熱0.5h，得到鋰電(dian)(dian)池。

實施例6

本實施(shi)例(li)提出了一種多層(ceng)復合電解質鋰(li)(li)電池的(de)制備(bei)方法，所述鋰(li)(li)電池從(cong)上到(dao)下依次包(bao)括正極(ji)片層(ceng)、低彈性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)電解質層(ceng)ⅰ、高彈性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)電解質層(ceng)、低彈性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)電解質層(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)片層(ceng)；制備(bei)步驟如下：

（1）將鋰金屬通(tong)過電鍍或者(zhe)輥壓(ya)的(de)(de)方(fang)式貼(tie)合于(yu)銅箔上(shang)，形(xing)成電池的(de)(de)負極片層；

（2）將磷酸鐵鋰(li)涂覆于鋁箔上，形成電(dian)池的正(zheng)極片(pian)層(ceng)；

（3）將liclo4溶解(jie)(jie)(jie)于(yu)碳(tan)酸(suan)丙烯酯和碳(tan)酸(suan)二乙酯的(de)混合溶劑(ji)中，liclo4的(de)濃度為1.5mol/l，得(de)到(dao)液(ye)態電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)，向液(ye)態電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)中加入含氟(fu)聚合物，混合均(jun)勻得(de)到(dao)低彈(dan)性(xing)模量(liang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)（凝膠電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)），含氟(fu)聚合物的(de)加入量(liang)為液(ye)態電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)30%；

（4）將聚苯醚與(yu)lioh混(hun)合(he)，加熱至(zhi)350℃保持0.5h，冷卻至(zhi)室(shi)溫后將混(hun)合(he)物(wu)打碎成顆粒，利用擠出機在溫度為350℃下將顆粒擠出成卷狀薄膜(mo)，冷卻至(zhi)室(shi)溫；將四氰乙烯(xi)溶于(yu)二氧六環溶劑中(zhong)得到浸漬(zi)液，之后將得到的卷狀薄膜(mo)放入(ru)浸漬(zi)液中(zhong)，在150℃下密(mi)閉加熱15h，得到高彈性模量(liang)電解質；聚苯醚、lioh與(yu)四氰乙烯(xi)的質量(liang)比是10：8：10；

（5）將步(bu)驟（1）得到(dao)的負極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)、步(bu)驟（2）得到(dao)的正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)和步(bu)驟（4）得到(dao)的高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)行層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)，之后向負極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)和高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)之間(jian)注入(ru)步(bu)驟（3）得到(dao)的低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)、形成低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)和高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)之間(jian)注入(ru)步(bu)驟（3）得到(dao)的低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)、形成低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后從上(shang)到(dao)下依次為(wei)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)、低(di)(di)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)(ji)片層(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)后密封，70℃下加熱12h，得到(dao)鋰(li)電池。

實施例7

本實施(shi)例提出了一種多層(ceng)復合(he)電解質(zhi)鋰電池的制備方法，所述鋰電池從(cong)上(shang)到(dao)下依次包括正極(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)、低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電解質(zhi)層(ceng)ⅰ、高彈性(xing)模(mo)量電解質(zhi)層(ceng)、低(di)彈性(xing)模(mo)量電解質(zhi)層(ceng)ⅱ、負(fu)極(ji)片(pian)層(ceng)；制備步驟如下：

（1）將(jiang)鋰金屬通過電(dian)鍍或者輥壓(ya)的(de)方式貼合于銅(tong)箔上(shang)，形成電(dian)池的(de)負極(ji)片層；

（2）將鎳鈷錳(meng)三元(yuan)材料（ncm622）涂(tu)覆于鋁箔上，形成(cheng)電池的正極片層；

（3）將liclo4和環氧樹脂混合均(jun)勻得到低彈(dan)性模量電(dian)解質，鋰(li)(li)鹽中的鋰(li)(li)離子與環氧樹脂中的氧原子的摩爾比為(wei)1：4；

（4）將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)聚(ju)苯(ben)(ben)硫醚與lioh混合(he)，加熱(re)至320℃保持8h，冷卻(que)至室溫(wen)(wen)后將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)混合(he)物打碎(sui)成顆(ke)粒，利(li)用(yong)擠出(chu)機在溫(wen)(wen)度為300℃下將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)顆(ke)粒擠出(chu)成卷狀薄(bo)膜(mo)，冷卻(que)至室溫(wen)(wen)；將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)四(si)氯苯(ben)(ben)醌溶于二氧(yang)六環中得到(dao)浸漬液(ye)，之后將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)得到(dao)的卷狀薄(bo)膜(mo)放入(ru)浸漬液(ye)中，在150℃下密閉加熱(re)15h，得到(dao)高彈性模量電解(jie)質層；聚(ju)苯(ben)(ben)硫醚、lioh與四(si)氯苯(ben)(ben)醌的質量比是10：7：5；

（5）將步(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)（1）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)負(fu)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)、步(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)（2）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)正(zheng)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)步(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)（4）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)高彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)進行層(ceng)(ceng)疊，之后(hou)向(xiang)負(fu)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)高彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)之間(jian)注入(ru)步(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)（3）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質、形(xing)成(cheng)低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向(xiang)正(zheng)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)高彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)之間(jian)注入(ru)步(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)（3）得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質、形(xing)成(cheng)低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)疊后(hou)從上到(dao)(dao)(dao)下依次(ci)為正(zheng)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)、低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)、低彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負(fu)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)疊后(hou)密封，70℃下加熱8h，得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)鋰電(dian)池(chi)。

實施例8

本(ben)實施例提(ti)出了一種多(duo)層復(fu)合電解質(zhi)鋰電池的制備(bei)方法，所述鋰電池從上到下依次包括正極(ji)片層、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模量電解質(zhi)層ⅰ、高彈(dan)性(xing)模量電解質(zhi)層、低(di)彈(dan)性(xing)模量電解質(zhi)層ⅱ、負極(ji)片層；制備(bei)步驟(zou)如下：

（1）將鋰(li)金(jin)屬通過電鍍(du)或(huo)者輥壓(ya)的方式(shi)貼合于銅箔上，形成電池(chi)的負極片(pian)層；

（2）將鎳鈷鋁(lv)三元材料（nca）涂覆于鋁(lv)箔上，形成電池的正極(ji)片層；

（3）將liclo4和環(huan)氧樹脂（聚乙二(er)(er)醇二(er)(er)縮水(shui)甘油(you)醚）混(hun)合均勻得到低(di)彈(dan)性模量(liang)電解(jie)質，鋰(li)鹽中的鋰(li)離子(zi)與(yu)環(huan)氧樹脂中的氧原子(zi)的摩爾(er)比(bi)為(wei)1：10；

（4）將(jiang)聚(ju)苯(ben)醚與(yu)lioh混合(he)，加熱至(zhi)320℃保持(chi)10h，冷卻至(zhi)室溫后將(jiang)混合(he)物打(da)碎成顆(ke)粒，利用擠(ji)出(chu)(chu)機在溫度為330℃下將(jiang)顆(ke)粒擠(ji)出(chu)(chu)成卷狀薄(bo)膜(mo)，冷卻至(zhi)室溫；將(jiang)二氯二氰苯(ben)醌溶(rong)于二氧六環(huan)溶(rong)劑中得到浸漬液(ye)，之(zhi)后將(jiang)得到的卷狀薄(bo)膜(mo)放入浸漬液(ye)中，在180℃下密閉加熱20h，得到高彈性模量電解(jie)質層(ceng)；聚(ju)苯(ben)醚、lioh與(yu)二氯二氰苯(ben)醌的質量比是10：3：8；

（5）將步驟(zou)（1）得(de)(de)到的負(fu)極片層(ceng)(ceng)、步驟(zou)（2）得(de)(de)到的正(zheng)極片層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)步驟(zou)（4）得(de)(de)到的高(gao)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)行(xing)層(ceng)(ceng)疊，之后向負(fu)極片層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)高(gao)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)之間注入(ru)步驟(zou)（3）得(de)(de)到的低彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)、形成低彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向正(zheng)極片層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)高(gao)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)之間注入(ru)步驟(zou)（3）得(de)(de)到的低彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)、形成低彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)疊后從(cong)上到下(xia)依次為正(zheng)極片層(ceng)(ceng)、低彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高(gao)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)、低彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負(fu)極片層(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)疊后密封(feng)，75℃下(xia)加熱10h，得(de)(de)到鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

實施例9

本(ben)實施例提出了一(yi)種多層(ceng)復合(he)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)質鋰電(dian)池(chi)的制(zhi)備方法，所述鋰電(dian)池(chi)從上到下(xia)依(yi)次包(bao)括正(zheng)極(ji)片層(ceng)、低彈(dan)性模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)ⅰ、高彈(dan)性模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)、低彈(dan)性模量電(dian)解(jie)(jie)質層(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)片層(ceng)；制(zhi)備步驟如(ru)下(xia)：

（1）將(jiang)鋰(li)金屬通(tong)過電鍍或(huo)者輥壓的方(fang)式貼(tie)合(he)于銅箔上，形成電池的負極片(pian)層；

（2）將(jiang)鎳鈷鋁(lv)三元材料(liao)（nca）涂覆于鋁(lv)箔(bo)上，形成電池的正極片層；

（3）將litfsi和環氧(yang)樹脂（聚丙二(er)醇二(er)縮水(shui)甘(gan)油醚(mi)）混合均勻得到低彈性(xing)模量(liang)電解質(zhi)，鋰(li)鹽中(zhong)的鋰(li)離子與環氧(yang)樹脂中(zhong)的氧(yang)原子的摩爾(er)比為1：20；

（4）將聚苯(ben)醚與litfsi混(hun)合，加(jia)熱至320℃保持10h，冷卻(que)至室溫(wen)后將混(hun)合物打碎(sui)成(cheng)顆(ke)(ke)粒，利用擠出機(ji)在溫(wen)度為330℃下將顆(ke)(ke)粒擠出成(cheng)卷狀薄膜，冷卻(que)至室溫(wen)；將二氯二氰苯(ben)醌溶于二氧六環(huan)溶劑(ji)中(zhong)得到浸漬液(ye)，之后將得到的(de)卷狀薄膜放入浸漬液(ye)中(zhong)，在180℃下密閉加(jia)熱20h，得到高彈性(xing)模量(liang)電解(jie)質(zhi)層(ceng)；聚苯(ben)醚、litfsi與二氯二氰苯(ben)醌的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)比是10：3：8；

（5）將步驟(zou)（1）得(de)(de)到的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、步驟(zou)（2）得(de)(de)到的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)步驟(zou)（4）得(de)(de)到的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進行(xing)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊，之后向負極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間注入步驟(zou)（3）得(de)(de)到的(de)(de)(de)低彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、形成(cheng)低彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ，向正(zheng)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間注入步驟(zou)（3）得(de)(de)到的(de)(de)(de)低彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、形成(cheng)低彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊后從上(shang)到下依次為正(zheng)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅰ、高(gao)(gao)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、低彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)ⅱ、負極(ji)片(pian)(pian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)疊后密封，75℃下加(jia)熱10h，得(de)(de)到鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。