中文字幕无码日韩视频无码三区

電池電芯的電極的制作方法

文檔序號:39426860發布日期:2024-09-20 22:24閱讀:14來源:國(guo)知局
電池電芯的電極的制作方法

本發明涉及一種(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)芯的(de)(de)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)和一種(zhong)用于(yu)制(zhi)造(zao)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)方法。該(gai)(gai)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)具有平(ping)面的(de)(de)載體(ti)(ti),在該(gai)(gai)載體(ti)(ti)上施加有層。


背景技術:

1、越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)機動車輛(liang)至(zhi)少部(bu)分(fen)借助電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機來驅動,因此這(zhe)些機動車輛(liang)被設計為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車輛(liang)或(huo)混合(he)動力車輛(liang)。為(wei)(wei)了給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),通常使(shi)用高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有多個單(dan)獨(du)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),這(zhe)些單(dan)獨(du)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)。這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)彼此串(chuan)聯和(he)/或(huo)并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接(jie),從而施加(jia)在高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)對(dui)應于借助每一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)提供的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)倍數(shu)。

2、每一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯具(ju)有(you)(you)陽極(ji)(ji)、陰極(ji)(ji)、布(bu)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)陽極(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)陰極(ji)(ji)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)隔(ge)膜(mo)以及具(ju)有(you)(you)可(ke)自由(you)運動(dong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷載流子的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質。例(li)如(ru)使用(yong)液體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質。在(zai)(zai)(zai)一個替換方案中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯被設計(ji)為(wei)固態(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池,并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)固體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)陽極(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)陰極(ji)(ji)通常包括用(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流導體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)載體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。通常在(zai)(zai)(zai)載體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)固定有(you)(you)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)材(cai)料,該(gai)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)材(cai)料是施加在(zai)(zai)(zai)載體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)的(de)(de)層(ceng)的(de)(de)組成(cheng)部分。在(zai)(zai)(zai)此,在(zai)(zai)(zai)該(gai)層(ceng)中可(ke)能已經(jing)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質,或(huo)者事后引入電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質。然而,至(zhi)少(shao)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)材(cai)料適合用(yong)于(yu)吸收工作(zuo)(zuo)離子、例(li)如(ru)鋰(li)離子。

3、根據用作陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)、還是陰極(ji)(ji),使用另一(yi)種載體(ti)材料(liao)和不(bu)同的(de)(de)層材料(liao)。陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)和陰極(ji)(ji)這兩個層通(tong)常借助隔膜(mo)彼(bi)此(ci)分離,隔膜(mo)例如作為膜(mo)或箔存在。為了方(fang)便陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)和陰極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)制備,相(xiang)應地將層以至少部分液化的(de)(de)狀態施加到載體(ti)上(shang)(shang),在那里借助刮板進(jin)行(xing)(xing)處(chu)理,并且執行(xing)(xing)壓延處(chu)理,從而(er)實現(xian)精確(que)定義的(de)(de)層厚度(du)。因此(ci),可以產生(sheng)基本上(shang)(shang)彼(bi)此(ci)結構(gou)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)多個電(dian)極(ji)(ji)。

4、在使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯時(shi),兩(liang)個(ge)不同的(de)因素很重(zhong)要。一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)高速度,即(ji),使得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷載(zai)(zai)流(liu)子可(ke)以(yi)(yi)相(xiang)對快速地被活性(xing)材料吸收。另一(yi)個(ge)因素是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)大容量,即(ji),使得(de)活性(xing)材料可(ke)以(yi)(yi)吸收大量的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷載(zai)(zai)流(liu)子。這兩(liang)種(zhong)特性(xing)無法借助單一(yi)的(de)活性(xing)材料實(shi)現,因此需要在制造電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯時(shi)從中選擇(ze)折衷(zhong)方案。

5、為此(ci),de?10?2020?211?651?a1提出了在(zai)(zai)該層中嵌入(ru)兩(liang)種(zhong)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)活性材料。其中一種(zhong)適合用(yong)于(yu)快(kuai)速(su)地吸(xi)收(shou)工作(zuo)(zuo)離(li)子(zi)(zi),并且另一種(zhong)適合用(yong)于(yu)積(ji)聚(ju)大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)離(li)子(zi)(zi)。兩(liang)種(zhong)活性材料例如被布置在(zai)(zai)彼(bi)此(ci)相鄰的(de)(de)(de)(de)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)塊中。在(zai)(zai)此(ci),在(zai)(zai)高(gao)電荷狀態下,被設(she)置為用(yong)于(yu)快(kuai)速(su)吸(xi)收(shou)工作(zuo)(zuo)離(li)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塊可(ke)能已經基本上飽和(he),而在(zai)(zai)其它(ta)塊中仍然可(ke)以(yi)提供用(yong)于(yu)吸(xi)收(shou)工作(zuo)(zuo)離(li)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容量。因此(ci),僅該層的(de)(de)(de)(de)一部分可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)于(yu)進一步引入(ru)工作(zuo)(zuo)離(li)子(zi)(zi),這就是(shi)為什么達到完全(quan)充電狀態之前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間段仍然相對長。


技術實現思路

1、本發明(ming)要解決的(de)(de)技術問題是(shi),給出一(yi)種(zhong)特別合適的(de)(de)電(dian)池電(dian)芯的(de)(de)電(dian)極以及一(yi)種(zhong)特別合適的(de)(de)用于(yu)制造電(dian)極的(de)(de)方法,其中,有利地運行(xing)(xing)期(qi)間的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為是(shi)均衡的(de)(de)和(he)/或性(xing)能得到提(ti)高。

2、根據本(ben)發明,上述技(ji)術問題(ti)在電極方面(mian)通過本(ben)發明的特征并且在方法(fa)方面(mian)通過本(ben)發明的特征來解決。有利的擴展方案和設計方案是下面(mian)的描述的主題(ti)。

3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)在(zai)(zai)常規狀(zhuang)態下(xia)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen)并且適(shi)合用于(yu)(yu)此,特別(bie)是被(bei)設(she)置為(wei)并且被(bei)配置為(wei)用于(yu)(yu)此。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)例(li)如(ru)是陰(yin)極(ji),或者(zhe)特別(bie)優(you)選(xuan)(xuan)地是陽(yang)極(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯優(you)選(xuan)(xuan)包(bao)括多個這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)或至(zhi)少另(ling)外的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)至(zhi)少被(bei)分(fen)為(wei)陽(yang)極(ji)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)。在(zai)(zai)組(zu)裝狀(zhuang)態下(xia)在(zai)(zai)陽(yang)極(ji)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)之(zhi)間適(shi)宜地布置有(you)隔膜。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯優(you)選(xuan)(xuan)具(ju)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi),該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)提供多個可自由運(yun)動的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷載流子、優(you)選(xuan)(xuan)離子。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)例(li)如(ru)是陽(yang)極(ji)和(he)/或陰(yin)極(ji)的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen),或者(zhe)至(zhi)少適(shi)合于(yu)(yu)積(ji)聚在(zai)(zai)那里,因此被(bei)它(ta)們吸(xi)收。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯例(li)如(ru)是固態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)作為(wei)固體(ti)存在(zai)(zai)。替換地,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)是液體(ti)。特別(bie)優(you)選(xuan)(xuan)地,也稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯是二(er)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

4、優(you)選電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯在(zai)(zai)常規狀態(tai)(tai)下是(shi)機動車(che)輛的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯適(shi)(shi)合(he)用于此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),特別是(shi)被(bei)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)并(bing)且(qie)被(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)用于此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。在(zai)(zai)常規狀態(tai)(tai)下,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯例如(ru)是(shi)具有多個這(zhe)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯/電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)機動車(che)輛的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯特別是(shi)布置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)殼體(ti)(ti)中(zhong),并(bing)且(qie)彼此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)并(bing)聯和/或(huo)串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接。因此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),施加在(zai)(zai)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)借助(zhu)每一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯提供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)倍數。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),適(shi)(shi)宜所(suo)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯彼此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)結構相同,這(zhe)簡化(hua)了制(zhi)造。殼體(ti)(ti)優(you)選由金屬、例如(ru)諸如(ru)不銹鋼的(de)(de)(de)鋼或(huo)鋁制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)和/或(huo)以壓(ya)鑄(zhu)工藝(yi)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)。特別是(shi),殼體(ti)(ti)被(bei)設(she)計(ji)為(wei)是(shi)封閉的(de)(de)(de)。適(shi)(shi)宜在(zai)(zai)殼體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)引入(ru)接口,該接口形成(cheng)(cheng)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)接頭(tou)。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),接口與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接觸,從而如(ru)果(guo)對應的(de)(de)(de)插(cha)頭(tou)插(cha)接在(zai)(zai)該接頭(tou)上,則可以從能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)外部(bu)饋入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)和/或(huo)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯提取(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)。

5、機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)優(you)選是陸地(di)行駛的(de),并且優(you)選具有多(duo)個車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun),其中的(de)至少一個、優(you)選多(duo)個或全部車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)借助驅動(dong)裝置驅動(dong)。車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)中的(de)一個、優(you)選多(duo)個適當地(di)被設(she)計(ji)為是可控的(de)。因(yin)此(ci),機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)可以獨(du)立于(yu)諸(zhu)如軌道(dao)等的(de)特(te)定道(dao)路(lu)(lu)地(di)運動(dong)。在(zai)此(ci),適宜機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)可以基本上任(ren)意地(di)定位在(zai)道(dao)路(lu)(lu)上,該道(dao)路(lu)(lu)特(te)別是由瀝青、焦(jiao)油或混凝(ning)土制(zhi)成。機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)例如是商(shang)用車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang),例如貨車(che)(che)(che)(lkw)或公共汽車(che)(che)(che)。然而(er),特(te)別優(you)選機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)是轎車(che)(che)(che)(pkw)。

6、機(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)特別(bie)是(shi)具有(you)(you)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),機(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)借(jie)助(zhu)該(gai)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。例(li)如(ru)(ru),驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、特別(bie)是(shi)主驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)少部(bu)分被(bei)設計為(wei)(wei)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的,并(bing)且機(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)例(li)如(ru)(ru)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)例(li)如(ru)(ru)借(jie)助(zhu)能(neng)量存儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)運(yun)行,該(gai)能(neng)量存儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適當地被(bei)設計為(wei)(wei)高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。適宜借(jie)助(zhu)高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池提供(gong)(gong)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),其中,該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)例(li)如(ru)(ru)在(zai)(zai)200v和800v之間(jian),例(li)如(ru)(ru)基本上為(wei)(wei)400v。優選在(zai)(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)之間(jian)布置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣轉(zhuan)換(huan)器(qi),借(jie)助(zhu)該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣轉(zhuan)換(huan)器(qi)調節對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)(zai)一個(ge)(ge)替換(huan)方案中,驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)附加地具有(you)(you)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji),從而機(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)被(bei)設計為(wei)(wei)混(hun)合動(dong)(dong)(dong)力機(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)。在(zai)(zai)一個(ge)(ge)替換(huan)方案中,借(jie)助(zhu)能(neng)量存儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)機(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)的低壓(ya)(ya)車載網絡(luo)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),并(bing)且借(jie)助(zhu)能(neng)量存儲(chu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特別(bie)是(shi)提供(gong)(gong)12v、24v或48v的直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。

7、在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)替換(huan)方案(an)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)是陸地運輸(shu)車輛、工(gong)業(ye)設(she)施、手持設(she)備(例如(ru)(ru)工(gong)具、特別是無繩螺絲刀)的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen)。在(zai)另一(yi)個(ge)替換(huan)方案(an)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen),并(bing)且(qie)在(zai)那里例如(ru)(ru)用(yong)(yong)作所謂的(de)(de)緩沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。在(zai)另一(yi)個(ge)替換(huan)方案(an)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)是便攜式設(she)備、例如(ru)(ru)便攜式移動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話或其(qi)它(ta)可(ke)穿戴設(she)備的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen)。這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)也可(ke)以在(zai)露營區域、建筑(zhu)模型區域中使用(yong)(yong)或者用(yong)(yong)于其(qi)它(ta)戶外(wai)活動。

8、電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)具(ju)有平面的載體(ti)(ti)。換句(ju)話(hua)說,載體(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)平坦的和/或在兩(liang)個(ge)維度(du)上具(ju)有大的伸(shen)(shen)展(zhan)(zhan),其中,向其余維度(du)的伸(shen)(shen)展(zhan)(zhan)相(xiang)對(dui)較小,并且(qie)例如僅(jin)為(wei)向另外(wai)兩(liang)個(ge)維度(du)的伸(shen)(shen)展(zhan)(zhan)的十(shi)分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)或百分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)或相(xiang)應地更(geng)小。在此,例如載體(ti)(ti)被形(xing)成(cheng)為(wei)是(shi)(shi)平的,或者替換地尤其被形(xing)成(cheng)為(wei)是(shi)(shi)彎曲的或波紋狀的。載體(ti)(ti)至(zhi)少(shao)(shao)部(bu)分(fen)是(shi)(shi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的,并且(qie)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯中用(yong)作的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)。載體(ti)(ti)例如至(zhi)少(shao)(shao)部(bu)分(fen)具(ju)有金屬,特別是(shi)(shi)至(zhi)少(shao)(shao)部(bu)分(fen)由金屬制成(cheng)。

9、例(li)(li)如使(shi)用(yong)具有(you)多(duo)個(ge)導體(ti)軌跡的(de)(de)箔(bo)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)載體(ti)。替換(huan)地,使(shi)用(yong)金(jin)屬化的(de)(de)片狀條帶(dai)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)載體(ti)。然而,特別優(you)選使(shi)用(yong)金(jin)屬箔(bo)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)載體(ti)。因此(ci),載體(ti)具有(you)相(xiang)對小(xiao)的(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du),因此(ci)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)、因此(ci)電(dian)池電(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)相(xiang)對小(xiao)。因此(ci),空(kong)間需求(qiu)減小(xiao)。也由于(yu)使(shi)用(yong)金(jin)屬箔(bo),載體(ti)和電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)處理和倉儲(chu)得到簡化。如果產生陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji),則金(jin)屬箔(bo)特別地是銅箔(bo)或者至(zhi)少部分借助銅被涂覆。如果電(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)形成陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji),則適宜使(shi)用(yong)鋁(lv)箔(bo)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)屬箔(bo)。鋁(lv)箔(bo)例(li)(li)如由純鋁(lv)或鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)制成。

10、在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)施加有層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci),該層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)特(te)(te)別是位于載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)上(shang)并且(qie)固定(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)。因此(ci),優(you)選(xuan)借助層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)形(xing)成層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)結構。例(li)如,該層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)厚度在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)10μm和300μm之(zhi)間、在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)20μm和200μm之(zhi)間、在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30μm和100μm之(zhi)間并且(qie)優(you)選(xuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)40μm和60μm之(zhi)間以及特(te)(te)別優(you)選(xuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)45μm和55μm之(zhi)間,其(qi)中(zhong),該厚度特(te)(te)別地是指該層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)垂直于載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)伸(shen)(shen)展平(ping)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)伸(shen)(shen)展。該層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)具(ju)有平(ping)行于載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)多個分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci),這些分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)堆疊(die)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)彼(bi)(bi)此(ci)之(zhi)上(shang),并且(qie)優(you)選(xuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)外側彼(bi)(bi)此(ci)齊平(ping),從(cong)而該層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)基(ji)本上(shang)是長(chang)方(fang)體(ti)(ti)形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)。各(ge)個分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)例(li)如相對(dui)于彼(bi)(bi)此(ci)偏移(yi),從(cong)而每一(yi)個層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)具(ju)有特(te)(te)定(ding)厚度,即垂直于載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)伸(shen)(shen)展平(ping)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)伸(shen)(shen)展。然而,特(te)(te)別優(you)選(xuan)各(ge)個分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)穿過彼(bi)(bi)此(ci),并且(qie)每一(yi)個分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)特(te)(te)別是基(ji)本上(shang)借助平(ping)行于載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)地通過層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)切口形(xing)成或者(zhe)至(zhi)少(shao)對(dui)應于載(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)。

11、每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)具有多(duo)個(ge)彼此(ci)平(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai),在(zai)這些第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)之間(jian)布(bu)(bu)置有第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。優選(xuan)所有分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)和第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。例如,第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)等于(yu)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang),或(huo)者第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)或(huo)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)比相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)大(da)1。第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)和第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)特(te)別是(shi)彼此(ci)交替地(di)布(bu)(bu)置。例如,還(huan)存在(zai)另(ling)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai),這些另(ling)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)例如相(xiang)應地(di)布(bu)(bu)置在(zai)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)和第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)之間(jian)。然而(er),特(te)別優選(xuan)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)僅借(jie)助(zhu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)和第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)形成(cheng),它們(men)特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)機械上(shang)彼此(ci)直接相(xiang)鄰。每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)度優選(xuan)是(shi)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),因此(ci)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)被設計為基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)是(shi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。至少逐段地(di)隨(sui)著與載體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增加,第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)度增大(da),而(er)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)度減小。在(zai)此(ci),優選(xuan)所有分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部尺寸是(shi)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),從(cong)而(er)這些分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)被布(bu)(bu)置為在(zai)外側齊平(ping)并且(qie)彼此(ci)排(pai)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)列。因此(ci),配屬于(yu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)積隨(sui)著與載體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減小而(er)減小,而(er)配屬于(yu)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)積增大(da)。

12、第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條帶由第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)制成(cheng),并(bing)(bing)且(qie)第(di)二(er)條帶由第(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)制成(cheng)。例(li)如,第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)對應于第(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang),或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)與第(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)不同。特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)這兩(liang)種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)基本上相同,其(qi)中,例(li)如存(cun)在直至(zhi)(zhi)10%、5%或(huo)2%的(de)(de)(de)(de)差異。在此,在產生層時(shi),例(li)如改變(bian)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和/或(huo)第(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)稠度。因(yin)此,在施加時(shi),這或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)中至(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)例(li)如作(zuo)為固體(ti)存(cun)在。替換地,這些材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)至(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)在施加時(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)部分是(shi)(shi)(shi)液體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de),特別(bie)地是(shi)(shi)(shi)糊狀的(de)(de)(de)(de),并(bing)(bing)且(qie)例(li)如是(shi)(shi)(shi)糊狀物或(huo)懸浮液。這些材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)適當地是(shi)(shi)(shi)所謂的(de)(de)(de)(de)漿料(liao)(liao)(liao)。

13、第一材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和第二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)各自具有活(huo)(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。在此(ci),活(huo)(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)優選適(shi)合用(yong)于(yu)積聚電解(jie)質,并(bing)且(qie)(qie)適(shi)宜被設置(zhi)為(wei)并(bing)且(qie)(qie)被配(pei)置(zhi)為(wei)用(yong)于(yu)此(ci)。然(ran)而(er),特別是活(huo)(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)至少適(shi)合用(yong)于(yu)、優選被設置(zhi)為(wei)并(bing)且(qie)(qie)被配(pei)置(zhi)為(wei)用(yong)于(yu)吸收和/或輸出可自由運(yun)動(dong)的電荷(he)載流(liu)子(zi)、特別是諸(zhu)如(ru)鋰離(li)子(zi)的離(li)子(zi)。例如(ru)使用(yong)諸(zhu)如(ru)鋰-鈷(iii)氧化物(wu)(licoo2)、nmc、nca或lfp等的鋰-金屬氧化物(wu)作為(wei)相應的活(huo)(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。例如(ru),活(huo)(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)包括硅(gui)。在此(ci),特別是依據電極(ji)(ji)用(yong)作陽極(ji)(ji)還是陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)來選擇相應的活(huo)(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。

14、第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)和第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)在(zai)各自的(de)活(huo)性材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)方面不同(tong)。在(zai)此(ci),適宜第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)被適配(pei)為(wei)(wei)使(shi)得(de)發生(sheng)相對(dui)快速的(de)離(li)(li)子傳輸,而第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)被適配(pei)為(wei)(wei)使(shi)得(de)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)工作(zuo)離(li)(li)子的(de)鋰離(li)(li)子可(ke)以相對(dui)大(da)規模地(di)積(ji)聚(ju)或吸收。換句(ju)話說(shuo),工作(zuo)離(li)(li)子密度或可(ke)能的(de)工作(zuo)離(li)(li)子密度增(zeng)加。例如(ru),第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)被適配(pei)為(wei)(wei)使(shi)得(de)相對(dui)穩定地(di)附著(zhu)在(zai)載體上。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)其(qi)替換或者(zhe)與其(qi)組合地(di),與第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)相比(bi),與載體的(de)電子交換得(de)到改善(shan)。

15、在(zai)電極(ji)運(yun)行時,工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)離(li)子(zi)通過第(di)一材(cai)料(liao)進入該層。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)離(li)子(zi)被(bei)從該層的(de)表面(mian)向載體的(de)方向輸送,其中,工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)離(li)子(zi)侵入第(di)二材(cai)料(liao)中。在(zai)此,由于條帶的(de)寬(kuan)度(du)的(de)變(bian)化,兩(liang)(liang)種材(cai)料(liao)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)界面(mian)增大(da),從而(er)各個材(cai)料(liao)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)過渡(du)變(bian)得(de)容易。換句(ju)話說,在(zai)這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)種材(cai)料(liao)之(zhi)間(jian)存在(zai)相對大(da)的(de)界面(mian),從而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)離(li)子(zi)在(zai)兩(liang)(liang)種材(cai)料(liao)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)轉(zhuan)移變(bian)得(de)容易。

16、因此,由于(yu)(yu)寬度的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化,在運行時,工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)首先至少主要侵(qin)入(ru)第(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)中(zhong),工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)被從該第(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)到第(di)二(er)(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)。在此,即使(shi)層僅由第(di)二(er)(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)制成(cheng),也給(gei)出(chu)(chu)更(geng)大的(de)(de)(de)接觸表面用于(yu)(yu)使(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)侵(qin)入(ru)第(di)二(er)(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)中(zhong)。因此,使(shi)得能夠相對快速地(di)(di)進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian),即,使(shi)得工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)能夠相對快速地(di)(di)存入(ru)第(di)二(er)(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)中(zhong),因此具有該電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯直(zhi)至完(wan)全充電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)也加(jia)速,其(qi)中(zhong),電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)具有相對大的(de)(de)(de)容量。在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時,工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)也相對大面積(ji)地(di)(di)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)到第(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao),借(jie)助該第(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao),工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)被相對快速地(di)(di)輸(shu)送到層的(de)(de)(de)表面。總之,工(gong)作(zuo)離子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)聚(ju)和(he)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)基本上獨立(li)于(yu)(yu)第(di)二(er)(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)飽和(he)地(di)(di)飽和(he),從而電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)(de)(de)行為是均勻的(de)(de)(de)。

17、例如(ru),這些材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)除(chu)了活性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)之外(wai),還具有另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成分(fen)。優選這些材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)至少(shao)一(yi)種、例如(ru)第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者第(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)具有溶(rong)(rong)劑。適宜(yi)兩種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)劑是(shi)相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。例如(ru)使用水(shui)、nmp、鄰二(er)甲苯(ben)或(huo)(huo)(huo)對二(er)甲苯(ben)、庚烷(wan)、二(er)丁基醚或(huo)(huo)(huo)甲苯(ben)作為溶(rong)(rong)劑。適當(dang)(dang)地借助澆鑄以(yi)及隨后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)化將具有溶(rong)(rong)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)施加到載(zai)體上。在(zai)(zai)固(gu)化時,特別是(shi)至少(shao)部分(fen)去除(chu)溶(rong)(rong)劑,從而(er)保留相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)以(yi)及可能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組成部分(fen),該相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)以(yi)及可能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組成部分(fen)適當(dang)(dang)地形(xing)成連續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量、優選形(xing)成固(gu)體。適宜(yi)調整(zheng)活性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量比(bi)例,使得(de)在(zai)(zai)隨后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆鑄中(zhong)獲得(de)定義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面負荷(he)和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)期望(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔隙率(lv)。因此,在(zai)(zai)運行中(zhong)確保充分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)解質滲透。

18、特別優(you)選兩種(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)料中的(de)(de)至少一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong),優(you)選兩種(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)料,相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應地具(ju)有粘合劑(ji)。例(li)如(ru)使用(yong)聚丁二(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)或丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)腈-丁二(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)橡膠(nbr)、paa、cmc、sbr、聚偏二(er)(er)氟乙烯(xi)(xi)(pvdf)或聚乙二(er)(er)醇(peg)作為粘合劑(ji)。例(li)如(ru),兩種(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)料的(de)(de)粘合劑(ji)是相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de),例(li)如(ru)它們的(de)(de)濃(nong)度也(ye)是相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)。作為其替換,兩種(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)料的(de)(de)粘合劑(ji)不同(tong)(tong)。優(you)選第(di)一(yi)和(he)/或第(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)料由相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)粘合劑(ji)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)溶劑(ji)和(he)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)活(huo)性材(cai)料構成。

19、作為其替換,這(zhe)(zhe)些材(cai)(cai)(cai)料中的至少一(yi)種或兩種材(cai)(cai)(cai)料具(ju)(ju)有(you)添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。在此,例(li)(li)如(ru)在材(cai)(cai)(cai)料中的一(yi)種(例(li)(li)如(ru)第二(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料)中存(cun)(cun)在添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji),在另(ling)一(yi)種材(cai)(cai)(cai)料中不(bu)存(cun)(cun)在該(gai)添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。例(li)(li)如(ru)使用(yong)具(ju)(ju)有(you)相(xiang)對高的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子傳導(dao)(dao)性的納米導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)炭(tan)黑管作為這(zhe)(zhe)種添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。特別是如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的陰極(ji)(ji),則(ze)優(you)選借(jie)助(zhu)添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)例(li)(li)如(ru)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子提(ti)供(gong)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性。因此,優(you)選借(jie)助(zhu)添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)至少部分(fen)提(ti)供(gong)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性,例(li)(li)如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子線路(lu)。因此,添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)是導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。例(li)(li)如(ru)使用(yong)石墨、炭(tan)黑或硅和碳(tan)的混合物(wu)作為(導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian))添(tian)加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。

20、例如(ru),除了(le)活(huo)性材(cai)(cai)料(liao)之外,這些材(cai)(cai)料(liao)彼此(ci)相(xiang)同。作(zuo)為(wei)其替換,這些材(cai)(cai)料(liao)還在可能的成分中的另(ling)(ling)一個(ge)(ge)方面也不(bu)(bu)同。特別是,隨著層的厚度(du)的增(zeng)加(jia),相(xiang)應的條帶(dai)的數量(liang)增(zeng)大(da)。例如(ru),如(ru)果電池電芯因此(ci)具(ju)有不(bu)(bu)同厚度(du)的電極(ji),則(ze)在較厚的電極(ji)中,條帶(dai)的數量(liang)特別是增(zeng)大(da)。例如(ru),載體(ti)的與(yu)層相(xiang)對的一側是自由的。然而,特別優選(xuan)在那(nei)里施加(jia)有另(ling)(ling)一個(ge)(ge)層,該(gai)另(ling)(ling)一個(ge)(ge)層例如(ru)由單一材(cai)(cai)料(liao)制(zhi)成。然而,特別優選(xuan)該(gai)另(ling)(ling)一個(ge)(ge)層以(yi)與(yu)該(gai)層相(xiang)同的方式(shi)設計(ji),因此(ci)至少具(ju)有這兩種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。

21、例如寬(kuan)度和距(ju)離(li)之間的(de)(de)關系(xi)是任意的(de)(de)。然而,特(te)別優選(xuan)存在函數關系(xi),使得電極總是具有垂直于載體的(de)(de)伸展平面(mian)和條(tiao)帶的(de)(de)走(zou)向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)特(te)定橫截面(mian)。例如,這種(zhong)關系(xi)是指數的(de)(de)或者(zhe)遵循三角函數。因(yin)此,特(te)別是至少逐段(duan)地得到(dao)u形(xing)區(qu)域(yu),借助第一(yi)材料提(ti)供這些u形(xing)區(qu)域(yu)。然而,特(te)別優選(xuan)在寬(kuan)度和距(ju)離(li)之間存在線(xian)性關系(xi)。因(yin)此,電極的(de)(de)垂直于條(tiao)帶的(de)(de)走(zou)向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)橫截面(mian)至少逐段(duan)地具有特(te)別是彼此接合(he)的(de)(de)三角形(xing)/梯形(xing)的(de)(de)鋸齒等。以(yi)這種(zhong)方式,制(zhi)造得到(dao)簡(jian)化,并且電極總是能(neng)夠以(yi)可再現的(de)(de)方式制(zhi)造。

22、例(li)如,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)與(yu)載體(ti)相(xiang)(xiang)鄰,例(li)如載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)該(gai)(gai)區域(yu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條帶具有(you)(you)特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)寬(kuan)度(du)(du),該(gai)(gai)最(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)特別是(shi)對(dui)應于第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顆粒大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)90%(d90)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)倍(bei)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci),至少(shao)還存在借助(zhu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)對(dui)載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)程度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接(jie)(jie)影響,其(qi)(qi)中,仍(reng)然可(ke)以實現相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)造。作為其(qi)(qi)替換(huan)(huan),層(ceng)(ceng)具有(you)(you)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)(zhong)止分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng),該(gai)(gai)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)(zhong)止分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)與(yu)載體(ti)相(xiang)(xiang)鄰。在此(ci)(ci),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)(zhong)止分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)僅由(you)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)制(zhi)成。換(huan)(huan)句話(hua)說,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)與(yu)載體(ti)在機(ji)械上(shang)不直接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)觸。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci),例(li)如層(ceng)(ceng)可(ke)以附著(zhu)在載體(ti)上(shang),和/或可(ke)以借助(zhu)適當(dang)地選擇第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)來改(gai)善電極更換(huan)(huan),其(qi)(qi)中,借助(zhu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)提供(gong)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)它(ta)性質。特別是(shi),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)(zhong)止分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)具有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)于該(gai)(gai)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四分(fen)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)。特別是(shi),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)(zhong)止分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)小(xiao)(xiao)于該(gai)(gai)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20%或15%。特別是(shi),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)(zhong)止分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)大(da)于該(gai)(gai)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1%或2%。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci),總是(shi)有(you)(you)足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)可(ke)用,因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)實現期望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能,其(qi)(qi)中,仍(reng)然存在與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)觸表(biao)面。

23、例如(ru),層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)與載體(ti)相對的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)至少(shao)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)借助(zhu)第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料、即第(di)二條帶形成。然(ran)而,特別優(you)選第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料和與載體(ti)相對的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)間(jian)隔開(kai),因此該(gai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)具有第(di)二終止分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),該(gai)第(di)二終止分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)僅由(you)第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料制成。因此,在運行(xing)時,工作離(li)子僅通(tong)(tong)過第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料侵入(ru)到(dao)該(gai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)中,并且僅通(tong)(tong)過第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料輸出工作離(li)子,從而與充電(dian)狀(zhuang)態無關(guan)地基本上(shang)進行(xing)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)子交換(huan)。例如(ru),第(di)二終止分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度在該(gai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度的(de)(de)(de)(de)25%與1%之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)、20%與2%之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)以及例如(ru)15%與5%之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)。因此,準備好足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料用(yong)于(工作)離(li)子交換(huan),然(ran)而其(qi)中,在這(zhe)兩種材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)存在相對大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)觸表(biao)面(mian)。

24、例(li)(li)如,每(mei)(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所有第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)恒定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。或(huo)者與其(qi)組(zu)合(he)地,每(mei)(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所有第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)基本(ben)上是(shi)(shi)恒定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。然而(er)(er),在(zai)(zai)此(ci),特別是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)。特別優選(xuan)布置在(zai)(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間區(qu)域(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)大(da)。因(yin)此(ci),例(li)(li)如在(zai)(zai)每(mei)(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)對(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)具(ju)有兩(liang)個(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)/或(huo)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)具(ju)有兩(liang)個(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),邊(bian)緣側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)/第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)具(ju)有減小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。如果(guo)在(zai)(zai)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)距(ju)離之(zhi)間存(cun)在(zai)(zai)線性關(guan)系(xi),則垂(chui)直(zhi)于(yu)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)走向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)截面因(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)邊(bian)緣側(ce)具(ju)有相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)尖銳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋸齒,而(er)(er)這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)鋸齒在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間區(qu)域(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)變寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)。例(li)(li)如,對(dui)于(yu)每(mei)(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),僅存(cun)在(zai)(zai)兩(liang)個(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),或(huo)者存(cun)在(zai)(zai)多個(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。特別是(shi)(shi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)隨(sui)著與邊(bian)緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)而(er)(er)連(lian)續增(zeng)大(da)。因(yin)此(ci),由于(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),在(zai)(zai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間區(qu)域(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)增(zeng)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料和(he)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)料制成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域(yu),這(zhe)(zhe)改善了相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作離子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運動流。另一(yi)(yi)(yi)方面,在(zai)(zai)邊(bian)緣區(qu)域(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)料和(he)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)料之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸表面增(zeng)大(da),從(cong)而(er)(er)進行工作離子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速交換,從(cong)而(er)(er)避免在(zai)(zai)那里形(xing)成(cheng)局部電壓。

25、例(li)(li)如,第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)上(shang)與第(di)二材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)相(xiang)同(tong)。然(ran)而,在(zai)此,特別是第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)的(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)比例(li)(li)不同(tong)于(yu)第(di)二材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)的(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)比例(li)(li)。作為其(qi)替(ti)換或者(zhe)與其(qi)組合地(di),活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)物理(li)性(xing)質、例(li)(li)如顆粒大(da)小(xiao)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)不同(tong)。總(zong)之,例(li)(li)如,第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和第(di)二材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)上(shang)相(xiang)同(tong),但是在(zai)物理(li)上(shang)、例(li)(li)如在(zai)形態、組成、類型、顆粒大(da)小(xiao)或其(qi)它方(fang)(fang)面(mian)不同(tong)。

26、特別優選(xuan)(xuan)不同于(yu)(yu)(yu)第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。換(huan)句話說,這兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在化學上不同。因(yin)此(ci),可(ke)以相對(dui)(dui)(dui)準確(que)地(di)(di)實現期望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),這些特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)應當基(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)這兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)提供。因(yin)此(ci),例如(ru)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),使(shi)(shi)得對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)工作(zuo)離子,存在高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運動速(su)度(du)。適(shi)宜(yi)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)第(di)二材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),使(shi)(shi)得可(ke)以積聚(ju)相對(dui)(dui)(dui)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)離子。例如(ru),對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)nmc622,并且對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)nmc811。替換(huan)地(di)(di),對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)nmc,并且對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)nca。作(zuo)為(wei)其替換(huan)或(huo)者(zhe)與其組合地(di)(di),活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)包括lfp和(he)/或(huo)lmfp,而(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)另一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)nmc。在另一(yi)個(ge)替換(huan)方案中(zhong)(zhong),對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)石墨。因(yin)此(ci),通過適(shi)當地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),可(ke)以降低電極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)成本,其中(zhong)(zhong),仍然保持期望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。

27、例(li)如(ru),第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)僅具有(you)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。作(zuo)(zuo)為其替換(huan),例(li)如(ru)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)還具有(you)另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),從而(er)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)包括兩種不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物。在此(ci),例(li)如(ru),如(ru)果層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)不(bu)同(tong)于第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),則第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)該另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)可(ke)以(yi)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)相同(tong)。因(yin)此(ci),可(ke)以(yi)根據(ju)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),即通過添加對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),來產(chan)生第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。因(yin)此(ci),制造變容易。作(zuo)(zuo)為其替換(huan)或者與(yu)其組合(he)地,例(li)如(ru)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)具有(you)另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),從而(er)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)包括不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物。這里,第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)也可(ke)以(yi)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)相同(tong),這使制造變容易。

28、所述方(fang)法用于制造具(ju)有平面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)極,在該載體(ti)上(shang)施(shi)加(jia)有層(ceng)(ceng)。該層(ceng)(ceng)包括多個平行于載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分層(ceng)(ceng),這些分層(ceng)(ceng)具(ju)有多個彼此平行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai),該第(di)一(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)由(you)具(ju)有活性材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)制成。在第(di)一(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)之(zhi)間(jian)布置有第(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai),該第(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)由(you)具(ju)有活性材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)制成。至少逐段地隨著(zhu)與載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia),第(di)一(yi)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬度增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)并且(qie)第(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬度減小,其中,第(di)一(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)和第(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)在各自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活性材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)不同。

29、在(zai)所述方(fang)法中,首(shou)先提供載體。其(qi)例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)作(zuo)(zuo)為片狀物或者適(shi)宜地(di)作(zuo)(zuo)為帶狀物存在(zai),并且(qie)借助對應(ying)(ying)的機器適(shi)當地(di)展開。首(shou)先在(zai)載體上(shang)(shang)施加(jia)第(di)二(er)材料。隨后,在(zai)第(di)二(er)材料上(shang)(shang)施加(jia)第(di)一(yi)材料,其(qi)中,第(di)一(yi)材料例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)被附加(jia)地(di)支撐到(dao)載體上(shang)(shang),因此(ci)施加(jia)到(dao)載體上(shang)(shang)。例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru),這兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)材料的施加(jia)基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)同時(shi)進行。然而,特(te)別優(you)選在(zai)這兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)材料的施加(jia)之間存在(zai)時(shi)間間隔(ge)。因此(ci),可以對應(ying)(ying)地(di)形成這兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)材料。

30、例如,在(zai)施加第一(yi)材(cai)料之前,首先使(shi)第二材(cai)料固(gu)化(hua),或者至少第二材(cai)料然后作(zuo)為固(gu)體存在(zai)。以(yi)這種方式,在(zai)施加第一(yi)材(cai)料時,第二材(cai)料不(bu)(bu)發(fa)生變(bian)形,從(cong)而(er)產生的條(tiao)帶(dai)的寬度(du)不(bu)(bu)發(fa)生變(bian)化(hua)。

31、例(li)如借助打印或者適宜地(di)借助澆(jiao)鑄來施加第(di)一材(cai)料(liao),為此(ci)例(li)如使用糊狀物或泥漿(jiang),特別(bie)是所謂的漿(jiang)料(liao)。因此(ci),借助第(di)一材(cai)料(liao)可靠地(di)填充在第(di)二材(cai)料(liao)中空出的區域,從(cong)而第(di)一材(cai)料(liao)相(xiang)對可靠地(di)與第(di)二材(cai)料(liao)相(xiang)鄰。

32、例(li)如,借助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)澆鑄(zhu)將第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)施加(jia)(jia)在(zai)(zai)載體(ti)上,其中,特別(bie)是存在(zai)(zai)掩(yan)模等。隨后(hou)(hou),使第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)固化并且去(qu)除掩(yan)模。在(zai)(zai)此,借助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)掩(yan)模保持這些區域(yu)沒有第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao),隨后(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)這些區域(yu)中填充第(di)(di)(di)(di)一材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。因(yin)此,基于掩(yan)模,可以(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)液體(ti)或糊狀(zhuang)的(de)狀(zhuang)態施加(jia)(jia)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao),從而(er)制造速度(du)提(ti)高并且制造成本降低。特別(bie)優(you)選借助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)打印、特別(bie)是借助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)3d打印將第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)施加(jia)(jia)到載體(ti)上。以(yi)(yi)這種(zhong)方式,可以(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)對準確(que)(que)地確(que)(que)定第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)位(wei)置,從而(er)產生要用第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)填充的(de)區域(yu)以(yi)(yi)及不填充第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)區域(yu)時的(de)精度(du)得到改善(shan)。因(yin)此,產生的(de)條帶的(de)形狀(zhuang)相(xiang)(xiang)對準確(que)(que),并且電極的(de)質量因(yin)此提(ti)高。例(li)如,隨后(hou)(hou)同樣借助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)打印或者(zhe)澆鑄(zhu)施加(jia)(jia)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。

33、例如,對(dui)(dui)層(ceng)進行(xing)壓延(yan)(yan),其(qi)中,當(dang)施加了第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)和(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)時,才進行(xing)壓延(yan)(yan)。以這種方(fang)式,依(yi)次壓制第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)和(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao),從而(er)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)和(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)之間的(de)(de)(de)離子交(jiao)換得到(dao)改善,并且(qie)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)魯(lu)棒性提高(gao)。作為(wei)其(qi)替換或者與其(qi)組合地,在(zai)施加第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)之前,對(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)進行(xing)壓延(yan)(yan)。特(te)別(bie)是,用(yong)于此(ci)的(de)(de)(de)壓延(yan)(yan)機具有包(bao)括凸起(qi)或凹(ao)槽的(de)(de)(de)壓延(yan)(yan)輥。因(yin)此(ci),特(te)別(bie)是借助壓延(yan)(yan)機使第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)三維(wei)變形,因(yin)此(ci)產生第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)條帶。隨(sui)后,在(zai)產生的(de)(de)(de)自由空(kong)間中填充第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao),從而(er)也產生第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)條帶。

34、此(ci)(ci)外,本發明(ming)涉及(ji)一種(zhong)具(ju)有(you)這種(zhong)電(dian)極(ji)的(de)電(dian)池電(dian)芯(xin)。在此(ci)(ci),例(li)如電(dian)池電(dian)芯(xin)的(de)所有(you)陽極(ji)都對應地設(she)計(ji),其中(zhong)(zhong),陰極(ji)僅具(ju)有(you)一個(ge)層,該層由(you)單一材(cai)料(liao)制成。作為其替(ti)換,在陰極(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)也存在兩種(zhong)不同的(de)材(cai)料(liao)。

35、結(jie)合電(dian)極描述的優點和擴展方案同樣也可(ke)以轉(zhuan)用于方法/電(dian)池電(dian)芯(xin)以及可(ke)以在彼此之間(jian)轉(zhuan)用,反之亦然(ran)。

當前第1頁1 2 
網友(you)詢(xun)問留言(yan) 已有0條留言
  • 還沒有人留言評論。精彩留言會獲得點贊!
1