本實用新型涉及(ji)超軟(ruan)土不(bu)排(pai)水強度測試(shi)領(ling)域，具體(ti)而言(yan)，涉及(ji)一種不(bu)排(pai)水強度測試(shi)裝置及(ji)系統。

背景技術：

流動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水可以(yi)攜帶大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)，但隨著流速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降低，水中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)就會逐(zhu)漸沉(chen)積(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)沉(chen)積(ji)物，這(zhe)種(zhong)沉(chen)積(ji)物具有(you)(you)高含(han)水率、低有(you)(you)效(xiao)應力(li)(li)、低強(qiang)度(du)等(deng)特點，且力(li)(li)學特性(xing)與傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)具有(you)(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差異(yi)。超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)可以(yi)由河(he)流、海洋(yang)等(deng)水域中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)自然(ran)沉(chen)積(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)，也可以(yi)由航道(dao)疏浚、港(gang)口建設(she)(she)、圍海造(zao)地等(deng)工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產生(sheng)大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淤(yu)泥、采(cai)礦工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)尾(wei)礦吹填(tian)形(xing)成(cheng)。隨著港(gang)口工(gong)程(cheng)、圍海造(zao)地工(gong)程(cheng)、海洋(yang)開發工(gong)程(cheng)日益(yi)增(zeng)多(duo)，遇到了(le)(le)諸(zhu)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)處(chu)理問(wen)題(ti)，例如布設(she)(she)海底管線、開采(cai)海底油氣資源時(shi)，需(xu)(xu)要避免(mian)引起海底超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)滑(hua)坡(po)，評價引起海底超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滑(hua)坡(po)對工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害及海底環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。另(ling)外，為了(le)(le)處(chu)理堆場(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，加速超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)結，需(xu)(xu)要在超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)表面鋪設(she)(she)砂(sha)層作(zuo)為排(pai)水層或鋪設(she)(she)硬殼(ke)層作(zuo)為輕(qing)型機械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持力(li)(li)層，需(xu)(xu)要評估超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)承載力(li)(li)，防止砂(sha)粒(li)(li)因沉(chen)入土(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)而(er)不能形(xing)成(cheng)完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砂(sha)層，或硬殼(ke)層發生(sheng)失穩，上(shang)述工(gong)程(cheng)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解決都需(xu)(xu)要了(le)(le)解超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不排(pai)水強(qiang)度(du)。由此(ci)可見(jian)，掌握不同(tong)固(gu)結狀態下超(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不排(pai)水強(qiang)度(du)特性(xing)意義重大。

由(you)于(yu)超(chao)(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)具有含(han)水(shui)率(lv)高(gao)、有效應力(li)低、強度(du)差(cha)、無法(fa)成(cheng)形(xing)等(deng)特點，傳統測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)中，需要對不(bu)成(cheng)形(xing)的超(chao)(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)(一般固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)壓(ya)力(li)大于(yu)30kPa，在該固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)壓(ya)力(li)下，土(tu)(tu)(tu)樣固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)后，才能制(zhi)作(zuo)成(cheng)強度(du)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)的土(tu)(tu)(tu)樣)。傳統測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)通(tong)過(guo)對超(chao)(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)表面加載，待(dai)固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)穩定后，再將表面荷載卸除(chu)后，再進(jin)(jin)行(xing)強度(du)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)。這種測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)的缺陷在于(yu)：1.原理(li)上處于(yu)超(chao)(chao)(chao)固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)狀態，不(bu)能測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)正(zheng)常固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)狀態下的超(chao)(chao)(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)不(bu)排水(shui)強度(du)；2.需要兩個不(bu)同的裝置分別(bie)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)固(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)和不(bu)排水(shui)強度(du)的測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)。

技術實現要素：

本實用新型的(de)目(mu)的(de)在于提供一種(zhong)不排水(shui)強(qiang)度(du)測(ce)試裝置，其能夠將(jiang)超(chao)(chao)軟土固結，并測(ce)試超(chao)(chao)軟土正(zheng)常固結狀態下的(de)不排水(shui)強(qiang)度(du)。

本實(shi)用新(xin)型的另一目的在于提(ti)供一種不(bu)排水強度測試系統，其能夠測試超軟(ruan)土正常固結狀態下(xia)的不(bu)排水強度，并輸出數據。

本實(shi)用新型的實(shi)施例是這樣實(shi)現的：

一種不排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測試(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，其包(bao)括(kuo)支(zhi)架、固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測試(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)設置(zhi)(zhi)于支(zhi)架內部，強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測試(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)與固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)連接(jie)，固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)包(bao)括(kuo)加(jia)載裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)、設置(zhi)(zhi)于加(jia)載裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒、連接(jie)至(zhi)固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒內壁的(de)(de)下透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板、相對于固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒可上(shang)(shang)下滑(hua)動(dong)的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板以(yi)及(ji)(ji)加(jia)載桿，上(shang)(shang)透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板和(he)下透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板之(zhi)間形成土樣(yang)室，土樣(yang)室用于放置(zhi)(zhi)超軟土，上(shang)(shang)透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板通過加(jia)載桿連接(jie)至(zhi)支(zhi)架，強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測試(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)包(bao)括(kuo)控(kong)制(zhi)器、穿設于上(shang)(shang)透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板的(de)(de)板頭以(yi)及(ji)(ji)連接(jie)至(zhi)板頭的(de)(de)驅(qu)動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，控(kong)制(zhi)器與驅(qu)動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)連接(jie)，板頭可以(yi)通過上(shang)(shang)透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板滑(hua)入超軟土中(zhong)，驅(qu)動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)包(bao)括(kuo)驅(qu)動(dong)軸，驅(qu)動(dong)軸與板頭連接(jie)。

在本實(shi)(shi)用新(xin)型(xing)較佳的(de)實(shi)(shi)施例中，上述板頭為兩個(ge)相互(hu)垂直穿設的(de)板，其橫截面為十字(zi)形(xing)。

在本(ben)實(shi)用新型較佳(jia)的實(shi)施例中，上述(shu)上透水(shui)板(ban)上設置有多個十字(zi)(zi)型的測(ce)(ce)試(shi)孔，十字(zi)(zi)板(ban)頭(tou)與(yu)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)孔配(pei)合，十字(zi)(zi)板(ban)頭(tou)可(ke)通過測(ce)(ce)試(shi)孔滑入(ru)超軟(ruan)土(tu)中。

在本實用新型較佳的實施(shi)例中，上(shang)(shang)述上(shang)(shang)透水(shui)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)還設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)有緊(jin)固(gu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，緊(jin)固(gu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)包括安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)和螺釘(ding)，安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)與(yu)上(shang)(shang)透水(shui)板(ban)連接，十字板(ban)頭容置(zhi)(zhi)在安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)的內腔，至少(shao)兩個螺釘(ding)穿(chuan)過安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)將(jiang)十字板(ban)頭固(gu)定，螺釘(ding)與(yu)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)螺紋(wen)配合。

在本實(shi)用新型較佳的實(shi)施例中(zhong)，上述(shu)安裝筒的橫截面為(wei)圓形或者正方(fang)形。

在本實用新型較佳的(de)實施(shi)例中，上(shang)述固結(jie)裝置還(huan)包括排水組(zu)件，排水組(zu)件的(de)兩側分別與加載裝置和(he)固結(jie)筒連(lian)接，排水組(zu)件包括設(she)置有(you)排水通道的(de)排水板。

在(zai)本實(shi)(shi)用新型(xing)較佳的實(shi)(shi)施例中，上述排水(shui)組(zu)件(jian)還包括多個閥(fa)門，閥(fa)門設置在(zai)排水(shui)通(tong)道的開口處。

在本實用新型較佳的實施例中，上述排(pai)水板上設置(zhi)有百(bai)(bai)分(fen)表，百(bai)(bai)分(fen)表的測量頭(tou)與排(pai)水板上表面連(lian)接，百(bai)(bai)分(fen)表通過連(lian)接桿固定(ding)在第(di)一支(zhi)撐桿上。

在本實(shi)(shi)用(yong)新型較佳(jia)的(de)實(shi)(shi)施例中，上述支(zhi)架包括水平設置的(de)底(di)座(zuo)，加載裝置包括氣缸以及空氣壓縮機(ji)，氣缸一(yi)端(duan)與排水板連接，另一(yi)端(duan)與底(di)座(zuo)連接。

一種不排(pai)水強(qiang)度測(ce)試系統，其包括數據(ju)采(cai)集裝(zhuang)置以及上(shang)述不排(pai)水強(qiang)度測(ce)試裝(zhuang)置，數據(ju)采(cai)集裝(zhuang)置與不排(pai)水強(qiang)度測(ce)試裝(zhuang)置連(lian)接(jie)。

本實(shi)用新型實(shi)施(shi)例的有益效果(guo)是：一種不(bu)(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)將強度測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)中的板頭穿設(she)于固結(jie)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的上透水板形(xing)成不(bu)(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，上述(shu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)可以(yi)在對(dui)超(chao)(chao)軟土(tu)(tu)進行固結(jie)后(hou)，繼續對(dui)固結(jie)狀(zhuang)態下的超(chao)(chao)軟土(tu)(tu)進行不(bu)(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，因而可以(yi)測(ce)(ce)得超(chao)(chao)軟土(tu)(tu)正(zheng)常固結(jie)狀(zhuang)態的不(bu)(bu)排水強度。包括上述(shu)不(bu)(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的不(bu)(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)系統，能夠測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)超(chao)(chao)軟土(tu)(tu)在正(zheng)常固結(jie)狀(zhuang)態下的不(bu)(bu)排水強度。

附圖說明

為了更清楚地(di)說明本(ben)實(shi)用新型(xing)實(shi)施例的技(ji)術方案(an)，下面將(jiang)對實(shi)施例中所需要(yao)使用的附圖(tu)作簡(jian)單(dan)地(di)介紹(shao)，應(ying)當理(li)解，以下附圖(tu)僅示出了本(ben)實(shi)用新型(xing)的某些實(shi)施例，因此不應(ying)被看作是對范圍(wei)的限定，對于本(ben)領(ling)域普通技(ji)術人員來講，在不付出創造性(xing)勞動的前提下，還可(ke)以根據這些附圖(tu)獲得其他相關的附圖(tu)。

圖(tu)1為本實用(yong)新型(xing)實施例(li)不排水強度測試(shi)裝置的示意圖(tu)；

圖(tu)2為本(ben)實(shi)用新(xin)型實(shi)施例支(zhi)架的示意圖(tu)；

圖3為本(ben)實用新型實施例強(qiang)度測試裝(zhuang)置的(de)示意圖；

圖4為本實用新型實施例十字板頭(tou)的示意圖；

圖5為本實用(yong)新型實施(shi)例固結裝(zhuang)置和十字板頭的示(shi)意圖；

圖(tu)6為本實(shi)用新型實(shi)施例下透水板(ban)的(de)示意圖(tu)；

圖(tu)7為本實(shi)用新(xin)型實(shi)施(shi)例(li)上透水(shui)板(ban)的示(shi)意圖(tu)；

圖(tu)8為本實用新(xin)型實施(shi)例緊(jin)固裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和十(shi)字板頭的示(shi)意圖(tu)；

圖9為本(ben)實(shi)(shi)用新型實(shi)(shi)施例排水板的示意圖；

圖10為本實用新型實施例不排水強度測試系(xi)統的(de)示意圖。

圖中：100-不排(pai)水(shui)(shui)強度測(ce)(ce)試裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；110-支架；120-強度測(ce)(ce)試裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；140-固結裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；111-第(di)(di)一(yi)支撐(cheng)桿；112-第(di)(di)二(er)(er)支撐(cheng)桿；113-反力臂；114-底座；121-十(shi)字板(ban)頭(tou)；131-驅(qu)動(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；137-控制器；122-中軸；123-第(di)(di)一(yi)側板(ban)；124-第(di)(di)二(er)(er)側板(ban)；125-第(di)(di)三側板(ban)；126-第(di)(di)四側板(ban)；132-電(dian)機(ji)；133-驅(qu)動(dong)軸；134-扭矩傳(chuan)感器；135-聯(lian)接(jie)桿；138-顯示面(mian)板(ban)；141-加載(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；142-排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板(ban)；146-固結筒(tong)；147-下(xia)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)板(ban)；148-上透(tou)水(shui)(shui)板(ban)；149-加載(zai)桿；150-百分(fen)表(biao)；151-氣缸；152-緩沖板(ban)；153-空氣壓(ya)縮機(ji)；143-排(pai)水(shui)(shui)孔；144-通道；145-閥門；154-第(di)(di)二(er)(er)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)孔；155-第(di)(di)一(yi)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)孔；156-測(ce)(ce)試孔；157-緊固裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；164-安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)；165-螺釘(ding)(ding)；166-第(di)(di)一(yi)螺釘(ding)(ding)；167-第(di)(di)二(er)(er)螺釘(ding)(ding)；170-數(shu)據采集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置；180-不排(pai)水(shui)(shui)強度測(ce)(ce)試系統。

具體實施方式

為(wei)使本實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)、技術方案和(he)優點更(geng)加(jia)清楚(chu)(chu)，下面將結合本實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)附(fu)(fu)圖，對本實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)技術方案進行清楚(chu)(chu)、完整地描述，顯然，所描述的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)是(shi)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)一部(bu)分(fen)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)，而不是(shi)全部(bu)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)。通常(chang)在此處附(fu)(fu)圖中(zhong)描述和(he)示出的(de)(de)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)的(de)(de)組(zu)件可以(yi)以(yi)各種不同的(de)(de)配置(zhi)來布置(zhi)和(he)設計。

因此，以下對在附圖中(zhong)提供的(de)本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)的(de)實(shi)施例的(de)詳細(xi)描述并(bing)非旨在限制要求保(bao)護的(de)本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)的(de)范圍(wei)，而是(shi)僅(jin)僅(jin)表示本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)的(de)選定實(shi)施例。基(ji)于本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)中(zhong)的(de)實(shi)施例，本領(ling)域普通技(ji)術(shu)人員在沒有(you)作出創造性勞動前提下所獲得(de)的(de)所有(you)其他(ta)實(shi)施例，都屬于本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)保(bao)護的(de)范圍(wei)。

應注意到：相似的(de)標號和(he)字母在下面的(de)附(fu)圖中(zhong)表示類似項(xiang)，因此，一旦某(mou)一項(xiang)在一個附(fu)圖中(zhong)被定義，則在隨后的(de)附(fu)圖中(zhong)不需要對其(qi)進(jin)行(xing)進(jin)一步定義和(he)解釋。

在本(ben)實用(yong)(yong)新(xin)型(xing)的描(miao)述(shu)中(zhong)，需(xu)要(yao)說(shuo)明的是(shi)，術語“中(zhong)心”、“上”、“下”、“水平”、“內”、“外(wai)”等(deng)指(zhi)示的方(fang)(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)或(huo)(huo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)為基(ji)于(yu)附圖所(suo)(suo)示的方(fang)(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)或(huo)(huo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，或(huo)(huo)者是(shi)該(gai)實用(yong)(yong)新(xin)型(xing)產品使用(yong)(yong)時慣常擺放的方(fang)(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)或(huo)(huo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，僅是(shi)為了(le)便于(yu)描(miao)述(shu)本(ben)實用(yong)(yong)新(xin)型(xing)和(he)(he)簡化描(miao)述(shu)，而(er)不(bu)是(shi)指(zhi)示或(huo)(huo)暗(an)示所(suo)(suo)指(zhi)的裝置或(huo)(huo)元件(jian)必須具有特定(ding)的方(fang)(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)、以特定(ding)的方(fang)(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)構造(zao)和(he)(he)操作，因此(ci)不(bu)能(neng)理(li)(li)解為對本(ben)實用(yong)(yong)新(xin)型(xing)的限制。此(ci)外(wai)，術語“第(di)一”、“第(di)二”、“第(di)三”、“第(di)四”等(deng)僅用(yong)(yong)于(yu)區分描(miao)述(shu)，而(er)不(bu)能(neng)理(li)(li)解為指(zhi)示或(huo)(huo)暗(an)示相對重要(yao)性。

此外，術(shu)語“水(shui)平”、“豎(shu)(shu)直(zhi)”等(deng)術(shu)語并不表示(shi)(shi)要(yao)求部(bu)件絕(jue)對水(shui)平或(huo)懸(xuan)垂，而是(shi)(shi)可以稍(shao)微(wei)傾(qing)斜。如“水(shui)平”僅僅是(shi)(shi)指其(qi)方向相對“豎(shu)(shu)直(zhi)”而言更加水(shui)平，并不是(shi)(shi)表示(shi)(shi)該(gai)結構一定(ding)要(yao)完全水(shui)平，而是(shi)(shi)可以稍(shao)微(wei)傾(qing)斜。

在本(ben)實用(yong)新型的描述(shu)中(zhong)，還需要說明的是(shi)，除非另有明確的規定(ding)和限定(ding)，術語(yu)(yu)“設(she)置”、“安裝(zhuang)”、“連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)”應做廣(guang)義理解，例如，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)是(shi)固定(ding)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)拆卸連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)，或一體地連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)；可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)是(shi)機械(xie)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)是(shi)電連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)；可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)是(shi)直接(jie)(jie)相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過中(zhong)間(jian)媒介間(jian)接(jie)(jie)相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)是(shi)兩個元(yuan)件內部的連(lian)(lian)通。對(dui)于本(ben)領域的普通技術人員而言，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)具體情況理解上述(shu)術語(yu)(yu)在本(ben)實用(yong)新型中(zhong)的具體含義。

第一實施例

請(qing)參照圖1，本實施例(li)提供一(yi)種不排水(shui)強度(du)測(ce)試(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)100，其包括支(zhi)架110、固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)140和強度(du)測(ce)試(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)120。固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)140放置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)支(zhi)架110內部，且(qie)與(yu)支(zhi)架110連(lian)接(jie)，強度(du)測(ce)試(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)120與(yu)固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)140連(lian)接(jie)。

請參照圖2，支架(jia)110包括(kuo)第(di)一(yi)(yi)支撐桿(gan)111、第(di)二支撐桿(gan)112、反力臂(bei)113和底座(zuo)114，第(di)一(yi)(yi)支撐桿(gan)111和第(di)二支撐桿(gan)112豎直且(qie)間隔(ge)設置在底座(zuo)114上。第(di)一(yi)(yi)支撐桿(gan)111和第(di)二支撐桿(gan)112的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)與底座(zuo)114連(lian)接，另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)與反力臂(bei)113的(de)兩端(duan)分別連(lian)接。第(di)一(yi)(yi)支撐桿(gan)111、第(di)二支撐桿(gan)112、反力臂(bei)113和底座(zuo)114圍繞(rao)成框形。

請參(can)照繼續(xu)圖(tu)1，強(qiang)度測試裝置120包括十字板頭121、驅動裝置131和(he)控制器(qi)137，十字板頭121與(yu)驅動裝置131連(lian)接，驅動裝置131與(yu)控制器(qi)137連(lian)接。

請參照圖4，十字(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭121由兩個板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)垂直交叉形(xing)成十字(zi)形(xing)，兩個板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)相交處形(xing)成中軸122，十字(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭121包(bao)括第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123、第(di)(di)(di)二側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)124、第(di)(di)(di)三(san)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125和第(di)(di)(di)四(si)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)126，第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123、第(di)(di)(di)二側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)124、第(di)(di)(di)三(san)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125、第(di)(di)(di)四(si)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)126以中軸122為軸順時針排(pai)列。

請(qing)繼(ji)續參(can)照圖1，驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)131包括電機132、驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)軸133、扭(niu)矩傳(chuan)感器(qi)134和聯(lian)接(jie)桿135。驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)軸133一端(duan)與電機132連接(jie)，另一端(duan)通過(guo)(guo)聯(lian)接(jie)桿135與十(shi)字(zi)(zi)板頭(tou)(tou)121連接(jie)。扭(niu)矩傳(chuan)感器(qi)134設置(zhi)(zhi)在聯(lian)接(jie)桿135上。十(shi)字(zi)(zi)板頭(tou)(tou)121可以(yi)固(gu)定到(dao)固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)140上，也(ye)可以(yi)通過(guo)(guo)孔(kong)洞深入到(dao)固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)140中，對固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)140固(gu)結(jie)好(hao)的土樣進行(xing)不排(pai)水強度測(ce)試。將十(shi)字(zi)(zi)板頭(tou)(tou)121由(you)測(ce)量(liang)孔(kong)壓入超軟土中，當驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)131帶(dai)動(dong)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)板頭(tou)(tou)121旋(xuan)轉時(shi)(shi)，通過(guo)(guo)控制器(qi)137可以(yi)得到(dao)土體破壞時(shi)(shi)的最大扭(niu)矩，進而得到(dao)超軟土的不排(pai)水強度。

控制(zhi)器137與(yu)電機132連接，可以通過控制(zhi)器137來(lai)控制(zhi)電機132的工(gong)作狀態，進而(er)控制(zhi)十(shi)字(zi)板頭121的轉(zhuan)動，且可以在控制(zhi)器137的顯(xian)示面板138上直接讀到實驗過程(cheng)中的轉(zhuan)角和扭(niu)矩(ju)。

請參照(zhao)圖1和(he)圖5，固(gu)結(jie)(jie)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)140包括加(jia)(jia)載(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)141、排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142、固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146、下(xia)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)147、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)148、加(jia)(jia)載(zai)桿149和(he)百分表150。加(jia)(jia)載(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)141設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在支(zhi)架110的(de)(de)(de)(de)底座114上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，并與支(zhi)架110連(lian)接(jie)(jie)，以實現加(jia)(jia)載(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)141的(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)定。排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在加(jia)(jia)載(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)141上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，且排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)表面與加(jia)(jia)載(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)141連(lian)接(jie)(jie)，排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)表面與固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146連(lian)接(jie)(jie)。下(xia)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)147和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)148水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)部。下(xia)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)147設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146靠近排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)一端，且與排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142連(lian)接(jie)(jie)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)148設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146遠離排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)一端，且相對于(yu)(yu)固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146可沿固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸向上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)滑(hua)動。固(gu)結(jie)(jie)筒146、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)148和(he)下(xia)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)147圍成(cheng)放置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)超軟土的(de)(de)(de)(de)土樣室。加(jia)(jia)載(zai)桿149的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端分別與上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)148和(he)反力(li)臂(bei)113連(lian)接(jie)(jie)。百分表150通(tong)過連(lian)桿與支(zhi)架110的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一支(zhi)撐(cheng)桿111或者第二支(zhi)撐(cheng)桿112連(lian)接(jie)(jie)，百分表150的(de)(de)(de)(de)測量(liang)頭抵觸到排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)142。

固結(jie)筒146為有機玻璃管，其一端與排水板142連接(jie)，另一端懸(xuan)空(kong)。

請(qing)參照圖6，水(shui)(shui)平(ping)設置(zhi)在固結筒(tong)146內(nei)的(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)透水(shui)(shui)板147的(de)(de)橫截面(mian)為圓形(xing)。下(xia)(xia)透水(shui)(shui)板147的(de)(de)靠近排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板142的(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)表面(mian)固定(ding)連接(jie)(jie)有土工布(圖中未示出)，上述土工布可以起到濾布效果(guo)，防(fang)止土顆粒的(de)(de)流失。應(ying)理解，在其他實(shi)施(shi)例中，可以用其他濾布來代替土工布，也(ye)(ye)可以達到本實(shi)施(shi)例的(de)(de)效果(guo)，也(ye)(ye)在本發明的(de)(de)保護范圍(wei)內(nei)。下(xia)(xia)透水(shui)(shui)板147的(de)(de)側面(mian)與(yu)固結筒(tong)146的(de)(de)內(nei)壁固定(ding)連接(jie)(jie)，底面(mian)與(yu)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板142連接(jie)(jie)。下(xia)(xia)透水(shui)(shui)板147上均(jun)勻設置(zhi)有多個(ge)第二透水(shui)(shui)孔154，土樣室中的(de)(de)超軟土在固結過(guo)程中流出的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)分可以通過(guo)上述透水(shui)(shui)孔流出，排(pai)出到排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板142內(nei)。應(ying)當理解，固結筒(tong)146與(yu)下(xia)(xia)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板142固定(ding)連接(jie)(jie)，也(ye)(ye)可以活動連接(jie)(jie)。活動連接(jie)(jie)時，在實(shi)驗過(guo)程中，下(xia)(xia)透水(shui)(shui)板147在重(zhong)力(li)的(de)(de)作用下(xia)(xia)，會一直接(jie)(jie)觸排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板142。

請參(can)照圖(tu)(tu)7和(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)8，水平設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)146上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)圓形，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)與(yu)(yu)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)146的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內壁(bi)(bi)活(huo)動連(lian)接(jie)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)均勻設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)橢圓形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)透(tou)水孔(kong)(kong)(kong)155，當(dang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)超(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)時，超(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水分(fen)(fen)會隨(sui)著(zhu)載荷而流(liu)出，而漂(piao)浮(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靠(kao)近下(xia)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)147的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)表面(mian)(mian)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)連(lian)接(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(圖(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)未示(shi)出)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)述土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起到濾布(bu)(bu)(bu)效果，防(fang)止(zhi)土(tu)(tu)顆粒(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)失(shi)。應(ying)(ying)理(li)解(jie)(jie)(jie)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用其(qi)(qi)他(ta)濾布(bu)(bu)(bu)來代替土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)達到本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，也(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)本發明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護范圍(wei)內。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148圍(wei)繞中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)四(si)(si)周(zhou)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)(si)個十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156大小與(yu)(yu)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121相(xiang)配合，十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)過該測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156，深(shen)入到土(tu)(tu)樣(yang)室，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)土(tu)(tu)樣(yang)室中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)樣(yang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)。應(ying)(ying)當(dang)理(li)解(jie)(jie)(jie)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數目可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)4-8個，本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數目是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)4個，在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)數目，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)；測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)圈還(huan)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)157，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)。當(dang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)超(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)結(jie)時，并(bing)(bing)不(bu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)超(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)，十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121被(bei)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)157固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)148上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。當(dang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)超(chao)軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)排水強度測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)時，松開(kai)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)157，十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深(shen)入土(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)。本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)，緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)157包(bao)括(kuo)橫(heng)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)為圓形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164和(he)(he)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165，螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165與(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋連(lian)接(jie)。十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121放置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164中(zhong)(zhong)，并(bing)(bing)與(yu)(yu)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)156對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)齊(qi)。螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165包(bao)括(kuo)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123為對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)軸對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167從安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)壁(bi)(bi)旋入，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)部位(wei)于安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)從安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164穿過，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164和(he)(he)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋相(xiang)互配合。將第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167向著(zhu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內部旋緊(jin)(jin)(jin)時，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)慢(man)(man)(man)慢(man)(man)(man)靠(kao)近第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，最終將第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123夾(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)；向安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)旋出螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)松開(kai)。應(ying)(ying)當(dang)理(li)解(jie)(jie)(jie)，螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)限于兩個，即(ji)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)包(bao)括(kuo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125兩側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)(si)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165，向安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164內側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)旋緊(jin)(jin)(jin)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)(si)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)(si)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)慢(man)(man)(man)慢(man)(man)(man)靠(kao)近第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夾(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)。將對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)124兩側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125同時固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121更(geng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)，十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121不(bu)會發生傾斜。需要說明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個數還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)更(geng)多，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)124和(he)(he)/或第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)，也(ye)能(neng)夠(gou)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。還(huan)應(ying)(ying)當(dang)注意(yi)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)變化，例(li)(li)(li)如，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，并(bing)(bing)且(qie)沿安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)123和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)124之間(jian)(jian)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)125和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)(si)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)126之間(jian)(jian)，向安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164內旋緊(jin)(jin)(jin)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)166和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)167的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)向十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)軸122靠(kao)近，最終實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夾(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)。應(ying)(ying)理(li)解(jie)(jie)(jie)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)形狀(zhuang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正方(fang)(fang)形，螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)165通(tong)過橫(heng)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)為正方(fang)(fang)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)164，也(ye)能(neng)夠(gou)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)將十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)121固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，因而，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護內容(rong)。

請參(can)照圖9，排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)142為(wei)一直徑大于安裝筒164的(de)(de)(de)(de)圓板(ban)，排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)142上(shang)設置(zhi)有多(duo)個(ge)排(pai)水(shui)孔143，排(pai)水(shui)孔143和排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)142內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)144連通(tong)(tong)(tong)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)144的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)口(kou)設置(zhi)在(zai)排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)側(ce)壁上(shang)，并與(yu)外界的(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣連通(tong)(tong)(tong)。對超(chao)軟土(tu)進行固結時，超(chao)軟土(tu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)分可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)該(gai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)144排(pai)出。在(zai)每個(ge)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)144的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)口(kou)上(shang)可(ke)以(yi)設置(zhi)閥門145，實現對通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)144的(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)開(kai)和閉合。應當理(li)解，排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀是正(zheng)方形(xing)(xing)、菱(ling)形(xing)(xing)和長方形(xing)(xing)，排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)142的(de)(de)(de)(de)大小整個(ge)安裝筒164遮蓋(gai)時，也能夠實現本實施(shi)例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)，都在(zai)本實用新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護范圍內。

請參照圖(tu)4，加載裝置141包括氣(qi)缸151、圓(yuan)形的(de)(de)緩沖(chong)(chong)(chong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)152和空(kong)氣(qi)壓縮(suo)機153。氣(qi)缸151的(de)(de)垂(chui)直放置于(yu)(yu)支架(jia)110的(de)(de)底座(zuo)114上(shang)，且空(kong)氣(qi)壓縮(suo)機153和緩沖(chong)(chong)(chong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)152分別與氣(qi)缸151連接(jie)。氣(qi)缸151的(de)(de)活塞(sai)桿垂(chui)直于(yu)(yu)支架(jia)110的(de)(de)底座(zuo)114，且與緩沖(chong)(chong)(chong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)152垂(chui)直連接(jie)。緩沖(chong)(chong)(chong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)152連接(jie)排(pai)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)142。當氣(qi)缸151在空(kong)氣(qi)壓縮(suo)機153的(de)(de)驅動(dong)(dong)下工(gong)作時，氣(qi)缸151的(de)(de)活塞(sai)桿上(shang)行(xing)，通過緩沖(chong)(chong)(chong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)152和排(pai)水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)142帶動(dong)(dong)整個固結筒146向(xiang)上(shang)運動(dong)(dong)。

請(qing)參照圖10，本實(shi)施例還提供一種包(bao)括上(shang)述(shu)不(bu)(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)100的(de)不(bu)(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)系(xi)統180，上(shang)述(shu)不(bu)(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)系(xi)統180還包(bao)括數據采(cai)集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)170，數據采(cai)集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)170和不(bu)(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)100連接。數據采(cai)集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)170可采(cai)集實(shi)驗過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)扭(niu)矩(ju)值，從中(zhong)(zhong)可讀出最大扭(niu)矩(ju)，進(jin)而求得超軟土(tu)的(de)不(bu)(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)。

不(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)度測試(shi)裝置100的(de)(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理是開(kai)(kai)啟(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理：打開(kai)(kai)閥(fa)門145，開(kai)(kai)啟(qi)(qi)加(jia)載裝置141。氣(qi)缸151的(de)(de)活塞桿帶動緩(huan)沖板(ban)(ban)(ban)152、排(pai)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)142、固(gu)結(jie)筒146和(he)下(xia)(xia)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)147向上(shang)(shang)運動。由(you)于上(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)148通(tong)過(guo)(guo)加(jia)載桿149與反(fan)力臂(bei)113連(lian)接，上(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)148相對于反(fan)力臂(bei)113靜止。上(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)148和(he)下(xia)(xia)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)147之間的(de)(de)距(ju)離隨(sui)著(zhu)氣(qi)缸151向上(shang)(shang)運動而(er)(er)減小(xiao)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)百分表150可以讀出(chu)超軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)沉降量。放置在上(shang)(shang)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)148和(he)下(xia)(xia)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)147之間的(de)(de)超軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)被(bei)擠壓而(er)(er)有水(shui)流(liu)出(chu)，從下(xia)(xia)透(tou)水(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)147流(liu)出(chu)的(de)(de)水(shui)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)排(pai)水(shui)孔143、通(tong)道144排(pai)出(chu)。超軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)完成(cheng)固(gu)結(jie)后，旋開(kai)(kai)第一螺釘166和(he)第二(er)螺釘167，將十字(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭121松動。十字(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭121通(tong)過(guo)(guo)十字(zi)形的(de)(de)測試(shi)孔156深入到超軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)中，開(kai)(kai)啟(qi)(qi)驅動裝置131和(he)控(kong)制器137。驅動裝置131驅動十字(zi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭121旋轉，控(kong)制器137的(de)(de)顯示面板(ban)(ban)(ban)138上(shang)(shang)可以人工讀數(shu)，找到最大扭矩，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)計算得到超軟(ruan)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)不(bu)排(pai)水(shui)強(qiang)度值。

超軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)不(bu)排(pai)水強(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)試(shi)體(ti)統的工作原理：不(bu)排(pai)水強(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)試(shi)裝置(zhi)100與數據采集(ji)裝置(zhi)170連接，進行超軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)不(bu)排(pai)水強(qiang)度(du)(du)測(ce)試(shi)時(shi)，數據采集(ji)裝置(zhi)170上可以讀取最大(da)扭(niu)矩(ju)，通過計算(suan)得到超軟(ruan)(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的不(bu)排(pai)水強(qiang)度(du)(du)值(zhi)。

本實施例還提供一種超軟土正常固結狀態下的測試方法，其包括以下步驟：將一定量符合要求的超軟土，放入固結裝置140的土樣室中；設定氣缸151壓力P(0-30kPa)，對超軟土土樣進行加壓，通過百分表150測試加壓過程中，土樣的沉降量；當百分表150讀數停止變化，超軟土土樣固結結束。待超軟土土樣固結結束后，在十字板上安裝聯接桿135，并將十字板頭121插入固結后的超軟土土樣中；將十字板頭121通過聯接桿135與十字板強度測試裝置120聯接在一起，開數據采集裝置170；開啟強度測試裝置120的驅動裝置131和控制器137，十字板頭121按照設定轉速轉動；從控制器137的顯示面板138可以人工讀取最大扭矩M_max，或者從數據采集裝置170上讀取最大扭矩M_max；帶入不排水強度公式c_u＝M_max[πD²(H+D/3)/2]，其中，D為(wei)(wei)十字板頭(tou)121直徑，H為(wei)(wei)十字板頭(tou)121高度。

綜上(shang)(shang)所述(shu)，本實用新型提(ti)供(gong)一種不排水(shui)強度測試(shi)裝(zhuang)置，在原有固(gu)結(jie)裝(zhuang)置的上(shang)(shang)透水(shui)板上(shang)(shang)設置測試(shi)孔，上(shang)(shang)述(shu)裝(zhuang)置可以對超軟土(tu)進行固(gu)結(jie)后(hou)，在同一裝(zhuang)置中測試(shi)超軟土(tu)正常(chang)固(gu)結(jie)狀態(tai)下的不排水(shui)強度。

以上所述僅為本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)的(de)優選實(shi)施例而已，并(bing)不用(yong)于(yu)限制本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)，對(dui)于(yu)本領域(yu)的(de)技術(shu)人員來說，本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)可(ke)以有各種更改(gai)和變化。凡在(zai)(zai)本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)的(de)精神和原則(ze)之(zhi)內，所作(zuo)的(de)任何修改(gai)、等(deng)同替換(huan)、改(gai)進(jin)等(deng)，均(jun)應包含在(zai)(zai)本實(shi)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)的(de)保護范圍之(zhi)內。