本發明屬于光伏場儲(chu)能領域,具體而言涉及一種光伏場儲(chu)能優(you)化(hua)配置方(fang)法及系統(tong)。
背景技術:
1、光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)場儲能(neng)(neng)是指(zhi)在光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)中集成儲能(neng)(neng)設備,以存儲白天光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng),并(bing)在需要時釋(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng),從而實(shi)現對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的調(diao)度和(he)管(guan)理(li)。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)場儲能(neng)(neng)系統(tong)通(tong)常由光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組、儲能(neng)(neng)控制(zhi)系統(tong)和(he)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)等組成。
2、白天陽(yang)(yang)光(guang)充(chong)足時,光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)池組(zu)將太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)為直流(liu)電(dian)(dian),供應給負載(zai)使用,并向電(dian)(dian)網(wang)輸送多余的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)。在這(zhe)個階段,光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)池組(zu)會產生大(da)量的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng),但由(you)于電(dian)(dian)網(wang)需求(qiu)和負載(zai)的(de)(de)限制(zhi),可能(neng)(neng)無法完(wan)全(quan)利(li)用所(suo)有的(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)量。
3、在光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電高峰期或者電網(wang)需求低谷期間,光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)場儲能(neng)系統將多余的電能(neng)存儲到(dao)儲能(neng)設(she)備中(zhong),如(ru)鋰電池(chi)(chi)、鈉硫電池(chi)(chi)、超級電容器等。這樣可以避免光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電系統因為(wei)電能(neng)無法及時利用而導致的浪費。
4、然而,現有(you)(you)的(de)(de)光(guang)伏場儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)還(huan)存在不(bu)少問題(ti)。一(yi)方面,現有(you)(you)的(de)(de)光(guang)伏場通常使(shi)用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng),但(dan)隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容量(liang)以及充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)均會發(fa)生變化,并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容量(liang)以及充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)只有(you)(you)在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)準確測得,在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)是(shi)難以準確的(de)(de)獲得的(de)(de),導致儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)無(wu)法(fa)準確在評估能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠充入的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)以及是(shi)否(fou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠及時(shi)完(wan)成(cheng)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。另一(yi)方面,現有(you)(you)的(de)(de)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管理(li)系統(tong)無(wu)法(fa)充分(fen)考慮(lv)不(bu)同(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容量(liang)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)以及循環次數,每次都(dou)是(shi)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)輪流充滿(man),無(wu)法(fa)在對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)傷(shang)害最(zui)小(xiao)的(de)(de)前(qian)提下高效(xiao)地完(wan)成(cheng)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng),可能(neng)(neng)(neng)造成(cheng)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)小(xiao)于發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)問題(ti)。
技術實現思路
1、為了解決現有(you)技術(shu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)問題,本(ben)發(fa)明提供一種光伏場儲(chu)能優化配置(zhi)方法(fa),包(bao)括如下步驟:周(zhou)期性(xing)地獲取(qu)儲(chu)能電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態參數;根據所(suo)述(shu)狀(zhuang)態參數將所(suo)述(shu)儲(chu)能電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)聚類,獲得多(duo)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu);在(zai)每(mei)一個(ge)(ge)周(zhou)期開始,對每(mei)一個(ge)(ge)所(suo)述(shu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)任(ren)意一個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian),獲取(qu)被充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)及(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)(du),將被充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)及(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)(du)確定(ding)為相(xiang)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)及(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)(du);預(yu)(yu)測預(yu)(yu)設(she)時間(jian)內的(de)(de)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)率及(ji)外(wai)輸功(gong)率;根據預(yu)(yu)測的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)率、外(wai)輸功(gong)率及(ji)每(mei)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)(du)確定(ding)所(suo)述(shu)預(yu)(yu)設(she)時間(jian)內的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)順序及(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)。
2、進一步(bu)地,根據(ju)預測(ce)的發電功(gong)率、外輸功(gong)率及(ji)每個電池(chi)的容量(liang)、充(chong)電速度(du)確定所述預設時(shi)間內的充(chong)電電池(chi)順序及(ji)充(chong)電電量(liang)包括:
3、定義(yi)一個充電優先(xian)級pi
4、
5、其中
6、α和β是權重參(can)數,用于調節充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)次(ci)數和時(shi)(shi)間間隔的(de)影響,fi是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)i的(de)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)次(ci)數,ti是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)i上次(ci)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)時(shi)(shi)間,t為當(dang)前時(shi)(shi)間;
7、最大(da)化(hua)所(suo)有電(dian)(dian)池的充電(dian)(dian)優先(xian)級之和(he):
8、
9、其中(zhong)ei為分配電電池i的充電電量,n為電池總數量;
10、容量(liang)約束(shu),每(mei)個(ge)電(dian)池的(de)充電(dian)量(liang)不(bu)能超(chao)過其容量(liang)和剩余可充電(dian)量(liang):
11、0≤ei≤ci·(1-soci)
12、其中(zhong)ci為(wei)電(dian)池i的容(rong)量(liang),soci為(wei)電(dian)池i當前的荷電(dian)狀態;
13、總(zong)(zong)發電量(liang)約(yue)束,分配給所有電池的總(zong)(zong)充電量(liang)不(bu)能超(chao)過總(zong)(zong)可用發電量(liang):
14、充(chong)電速率約束,每個電池的充(chong)電功率不能(neng)超過其最(zui)大充(chong)電速率:
15、ei≤ri·ci
16、其中(zhong)ri表示電(dian)池(chi)每小(xiao)時能夠安全充(chong)(chong)入(ru)的電(dian)量相對于其容量的比例;充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速度約束,充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速度需要不小(xiao)于光伏(fu)發電(dian)速度,則有
17、其中δt為(wei)時間步長,psolar為(wei)光伏發電的(de)預測功(gong)率,pout為(wei)外輸(shu)功(gong)率;整個(ge)模型為(wei):
18、
19、優化目標
20、0≤ei≤ci·(1-soci)
21、
22、ei≤ri·ci
23、
24、求解上述模型即可得到(dao)每個電池的充電優先級以及(ji)充電量。
25、進一(yi)步(bu)地,上一(yi)次(ci)充電/放電功率(lv)、內阻、循環(huan)次(ci)數、開路電壓。
26、進一步地,所述周(zhou)期為一個月。
27、進一步地,所述預設時間為1小時。
28、本發明(ming)另一(yi)方面還提供一(yi)種(zhong)光(guang)伏場(chang)儲能優化(hua)配置系統,括如下模塊:
29、獲(huo)取(qu)模(mo)塊,用于周期性地獲(huo)取(qu)儲能(neng)電(dian)池的(de)狀態(tai)參數;
30、聚(ju)類(lei)模型,用(yong)于根據所述(shu)狀態參數將所述(shu)儲能電(dian)池聚(ju)類(lei),獲得多個電(dian)池組;
31、測量模塊,用于在每(mei)一個周期開始,對每(mei)一個所述電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組中的任(ren)意一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian),獲取被充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容(rong)量及充電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du),將(jiang)被充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容(rong)量及充電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)確定為相應電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容(rong)量及充電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du);
32、預(yu)測(ce)模(mo)塊,用(yong)于預(yu)測(ce)預(yu)設時間內的光伏發電功(gong)率(lv)及(ji)外(wai)輸功(gong)率(lv);
33、配置模塊,用(yong)于根據預測的發(fa)電(dian)功率(lv)、外輸(shu)功率(lv)及每個電(dian)池的容量(liang)、充(chong)電(dian)速度確定所述預設時間內(nei)的充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池順序及充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)量(liang)。
34、本發明通(tong)過上述(shu)技(ji)術方案,可以產生(sheng)如下有益效果:
35、通過周期(qi)性地(di)獲取儲能電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)狀態(tai)參數,并(bing)根據(ju)(ju)這(zhe)些參數將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)聚類(lei)成多個(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu),可(ke)以更好(hao)地(di)了解電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)狀態(tai)和特(te)性。然后,在每個(ge)周期(qi)開始時,對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)中的(de)一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行(xing)充電(dian)(dian)測試(shi),并(bing)根據(ju)(ju)測試(shi)結果(guo)確定電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)容量和充電(dian)(dian)速度。這(zhe)樣可(ke)以有效地(di)評估每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)狀態(tai),并(bing)根據(ju)(ju)其容量和充電(dian)(dian)速度確定充電(dian)(dian)順序,最大化電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)利(li)用率。
36、通過對電池(chi)狀態進(jin)行周期性監測和(he)(he)(he)優化充電策略,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)提(ti)高系統(tong)的(de)穩定性和(he)(he)(he)可(ke)靠性。合理的(de)充電順序(xu)和(he)(he)(he)充電電量分配(pei)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)平衡系統(tong)的(de)電荷和(he)(he)(he)放電,減少系統(tong)運行過程中的(de)波(bo)動,提(ti)高系統(tong)對外部環境變化的(de)適應能力。
37、在確(que)定(ding)(ding)每個電(dian)(dian)池不同的容量速度(du)的前提下,確(que)定(ding)(ding)每個電(dian)(dian)池的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)順(shun)序以及充(chong)電(dian)(dian)量,并且保(bao)證低(di)循(xun)環次數的電(dian)(dian)池優先充(chong)電(dian)(dian),同時(shi)保(bao)證沒(mei)有電(dian)(dian)池太久不充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。
1.一種光伏(fu)場儲能優化(hua)配置(zhi)方法,其特征在于:
2.根(gen)據權利(li)要求1所(suo)述(shu)的(de)一種(zhong)光伏場(chang)儲能優(you)化配置方法(fa),其特征在于(yu)所(suo)述(shu)根(gen)據預測(ce)的(de)發電(dian)功率(lv)、外輸功率(lv)及(ji)每個電(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量和充電(dian)速度確定所(suo)述(shu)預設時間(jian)內的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)順序(xu)及(ji)充電(dian)電(dian)量包括:
3.根據權利要(yao)求1所述的一(yi)種光伏場儲(chu)能(neng)優(you)化配置(zhi)方法,其(qi)特(te)征在于所述狀(zhuang)態參數包括:上一(yi)次充電(dian)/放(fang)電(dian)功率(lv)、內阻(zu)、循環次數、開路電(dian)壓。
4.根據(ju)權利要求1所(suo)述的一種光伏場(chang)儲能優化配置方法(fa),其特征在于所(suo)述周期(qi)為一個月。
5.根據(ju)權利要求1所述(shu)的一種光(guang)伏場儲(chu)能優化配置方法,其特(te)征在于所述(shu)預設(she)時(shi)間(jian)為1小時(shi)。
6.一種光伏場儲能優(you)化配置系(xi)統,其特征在(zai)于所述系(xi)統包括如下模塊:
7.根據權利要求6所(suo)述的(de)一種光伏場儲能優化配(pei)置(zhi)系統,其特征在于所(suo)述配(pei)置(zhi)模塊(kuai)使用如下方法(fa)實現(xian)配(pei)置(zhi):
8.根據權利(li)要求6所(suo)述的一種(zhong)光伏場儲能優化配(pei)置系統,其特征(zheng)在(zai)于(yu)所(suo)述狀態參數(shu)包括:上一次充電(dian)/放電(dian)功率、內阻、循環(huan)次數(shu)、開路電(dian)壓。
9.根據權利要求(qiu)6所述的一種光(guang)伏場儲(chu)能優化配置系統,其特征在于所述周期為一個月。
10.根據權(quan)利要求(qiu)6所述(shu)的一種光伏場(chang)儲能優化配置(zhi)系(xi)統(tong),其特征在(zai)于(yu)所述(shu)預(yu)設(she)時間為1小(xiao)時。