本發明涉及一種管(guan)式(shi)SOFC燃料電池控制系統。
背景技術:
目前(qian),鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)物(wu)(wu)質貯存在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部,并通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)物(wu)(wu)質實現(xian)可充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng);因為這些功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng),導(dao)致鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應用受(shou)到局限性(xing),即一(yi)是(shi)(shi)大量(liang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)存蓄在殼體(ti)內,殼體(ti)的(de)容量(liang)有限,導(dao)致鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)有限;二是(shi)(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi),需要較長的(de)時(shi)間(jian),使用不方(fang)便(bian);
燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電池屬非儲(chu)電性物質,它在一(yi)定條(tiao)件下實現能(neng)(neng)量催化轉換作用,燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電池是把化學能(neng)(neng)轉化為電能(neng)(neng)的能(neng)(neng)量轉換器;燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電池工作時(shi),需要保持燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)和空氣(qi)供給就能(neng)(neng)連續地發電,才能(neng)(neng)有(you)效的減少廢氣(qi)產生及提高發電效率。
技術實現要素:
本發明的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是(shi)克服現有技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)不(bu)足而提(ti)供(gong)一種管式SOFC燃料(liao)電池(chi)控(kong)制系統,其結(jie)合了燃料(liao)電池(chi)及鋰(li)離子電池(chi)的(de)(de)特性,能根據負載(zai)的(de)(de)工(gong)作狀態調整(zheng)及控(kong)制燃料(liao)電池(chi)及鋰(li)離子電池(chi)供(gong)電狀態,從(cong)而保證向負載(zai)提(ti)供(gong)充足的(de)(de)電力(li),使用(yong)時間長,使用(yong)方便。
為了達(da)到上述目的,本(ben)發明是(shi)這(zhe)樣實現的,其(qi)是(shi)一種管式SOFC燃(ran)料(liao)電池控制系統,其(qi)特征(zheng)在于(yu)包括:
電堆;在所(suo)述電堆中設有陶瓷管、點火器(qi)及燃氣(qi)噴(pen)嘴;所(suo)述點火器(qi)點燃燃氣(qi)噴(pen)嘴處的燃氣(qi);
燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)、燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)閥門(men)(men)、定壓(ya)閥門(men)(men)、第(di)(di)(di)三開(kai)關(guan)及(ji)第(di)(di)(di)四開(kai)關(guan);所述燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)的(de)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口通(tong)(tong)過(guo)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)閥門(men)(men)及(ji)定壓(ya)閥門(men)(men)后一(yi)路(lu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)第(di)(di)(di)三開(kai)關(guan)與陶瓷管的(de)進(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口連通(tong)(tong),另一(yi)路(lu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)第(di)(di)(di)四開(kai)關(guan)與燃(ran)氣噴嘴的(de)進(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口連通(tong)(tong);
PAL控制(zhi)系統(tong)、采樣電(dian)(dian)路及顯(xian)示模塊(kuai);所述PAL控制(zhi)系統(tong)接收(shou)采樣電(dian)(dian)路輸(shu)出的(de)信(xin)號(hao)并處(chu)理,所述顯(xian)示模塊(kuai)接收(shou)PAL控制(zhi)系統(tong)輸(shu)出的(de)信(xin)號(hao)并顯(xian)示;
氣(qi)(qi)泵結構(gou);所述氣(qi)(qi)泵結構(gou)的出(chu)氣(qi)(qi)口(kou)與電堆(dui)的內部連通(tong),所述PAL控制系統控制氣(qi)(qi)泵結構(gou)的工作狀態;
壓(ya)力(li)(li)變送(song)(song)模塊;所述壓(ya)力(li)(li)變送(song)(song)模塊分(fen)別與燃(ran)(ran)料罐及PAL控(kong)制系統連接,PAL控(kong)制系統通過壓(ya)力(li)(li)變送(song)(song)模塊檢測燃(ran)(ran)料罐內燃(ran)(ran)料的存量;
點火(huo)脈沖(chong)(chong)發生器;所述(shu)點火(huo)脈沖(chong)(chong)發生器分別與點火(huo)器及PAL控制系統(tong)連接,PAL控制系統(tong)通過點火(huo)脈沖(chong)(chong)發生器控制點火(huo)器打開或(huo)關閉;
溫感器(qi);所述溫感器(qi)設在陶瓷管旁,溫感器(qi)與采樣電路連接(jie),PAL控制系(xi)統通過采樣電路監測電堆的溫度;
鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)池、止回二(er)極管、第(di)一開關(guan)及第(di)二(er)開關(guan);所(suo)(suo)述鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)池與第(di)二(er)開關(guan)串聯后(hou)與負(fu)(fu)載(zai)并(bing)聯,負(fu)(fu)載(zai)通(tong)(tong)過第(di)一開關(guan)及止回二(er)極管與電(dian)堆(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)輸(shu)出端連接,所(suo)(suo)述電(dian)堆(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)輸(shu)出端還與采樣電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)入端連接,所(suo)(suo)述PAL控(kong)制(zhi)系統通(tong)(tong)過采樣電(dian)路(lu)監測(ce)電(dian)堆(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)狀態,負(fu)(fu)載(zai)與采樣電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)入端連接,PAL控(kong)制(zhi)系統通(tong)(tong)過采樣電(dian)路(lu)檢(jian)測(ce)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)工作狀態;以及
驅動模塊(kuai);所(suo)述驅動模塊(kuai)接收PAL控(kong)制系(xi)統輸出的(de)信(xin)號并(bing)驅動第一(yi)開關、第二開關、第三開關及第四開關。
在(zai)本技術方案中(zhong),所述(shu)第(di)一(yi)開(kai)關(guan)、第(di)二開(kai)關(guan)及第(di)三開(kai)關(guan)均是繼電器。
在本技術(shu)方案中,所述第四開關(guan)及第五開關(guan)均(jun)是電磁(ci)閥。
在本技(ji)術(shu)方(fang)案中,所述(shu)氣(qi)泵(beng)結構包(bao)括氣(qi)泵(beng)及氣(qi)泵(beng)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi);所述(shu)氣(qi)泵(beng)與氣(qi)泵(beng)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)串聯,氣(qi)泵(beng)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)與驅動模塊的輸出端連接(jie),PAL控制系統通過氣(qi)泵(beng)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)控制氣(qi)泵(beng)的工(gong)作狀態(tai)。
本發明(ming)與現有技術相比的(de)優點(dian)為:其結合了燃料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)及鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)特性(xing),用(yong)戶根據負載(zai)的(de)工作狀態(tai)可以控(kong)制燃料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)及鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai),從而(er)保證向負載(zai)提供充(chong)足的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力,使用(yong)時(shi)間(jian)長(chang),使用(yong)方便(bian)。
附圖說明
圖(tu)1是(shi)本發明(ming)的電路及氣路原理圖(tu)。
具體實施方式
下面(mian)結合附(fu)圖對(dui)本發明(ming)的具體實(shi)施方(fang)式(shi)(shi)作進一步說明(ming)。在此(ci)(ci)需要說明(ming)的是(shi),對(dui)與這(zhe)些實(shi)施方(fang)式(shi)(shi)的說明(ming)用與幫助理解本發明(ming),但并不構(gou)成(cheng)對(dui)本發明(ming)的限定。此(ci)(ci)外,下面(mian)所描述的本發明(ming)各個實(shi)施方(fang)式(shi)(shi)中所涉及到的技術特征只要彼(bi)此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)間未構(gou)成(cheng)沖(chong)突就可(ke)以互相結合。
在本發(fa)明的(de)描述中,術語(yu)“第一(yi)”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”及“第五”僅用于描述目的(de),而不能理解為(wei)指示(shi)或暗示(shi)相對重要性。
如(ru)圖(tu)1所(suo)示,其(qi)是一種管式SOFC燃料電池控制系統,包括:
電(dian)堆(dui)2;在所(suo)述(shu)電(dian)堆(dui)2中設有(you)陶瓷管3、點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)21及(ji)燃(ran)(ran)氣噴嘴20;所(suo)述(shu)點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)21能點(dian)燃(ran)(ran)燃(ran)(ran)氣噴嘴20處的燃(ran)(ran)氣;
燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)16、燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)閥(fa)門17、定壓閥(fa)門22、第(di)(di)三開(kai)(kai)關18及第(di)(di)四(si)(si)開(kai)(kai)關19;所述燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)16的(de)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)口通(tong)(tong)(tong)過燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)罐(guan)閥(fa)門17及定壓閥(fa)門22后一路通(tong)(tong)(tong)過第(di)(di)三開(kai)(kai)關18與陶瓷管3的(de)進(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)口連通(tong)(tong)(tong),另一路通(tong)(tong)(tong)過第(di)(di)四(si)(si)開(kai)(kai)關19與燃(ran)氣噴嘴20的(de)進(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)口連通(tong)(tong)(tong);
PAL控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)10、采樣電(dian)路(lu)(lu)11及顯(xian)示模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)13;所(suo)述PAL控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)10接收采樣電(dian)路(lu)(lu)11輸出的(de)信號并處(chu)理(li),所(suo)述顯(xian)示模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)13接收PAL控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)10輸出的(de)信號并顯(xian)示,所(suo)述PAL控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)10、采樣電(dian)路(lu)(lu)11、顯(xian)示模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)13均為常(chang)用電(dian)路(lu)(lu);
氣泵(beng)(beng)結(jie)(jie)構;所述氣泵(beng)(beng)結(jie)(jie)構的(de)出氣口與電堆2的(de)內部連通(tong),所述PAL控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)10控(kong)制(zhi)氣泵(beng)(beng)結(jie)(jie)構的(de)工作狀態;
壓(ya)力(li)變送(song)模塊(kuai)15;所述壓(ya)力(li)變送(song)模塊(kuai)15分別(bie)與燃(ran)料罐16及PAL控制(zhi)系統10連接,PAL控制(zhi)系統10通過壓(ya)力(li)變送(song)模塊(kuai)15檢測燃(ran)料罐16內燃(ran)料的存量;
點火脈沖發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)器12;所(suo)述點火脈沖發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)器12分別與點火器21及PAL控(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)10連接,PAL控(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)10通(tong)過點火脈沖發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)器12控(kong)(kong)制點火器21打開或關閉;
溫(wen)感(gan)器24;所(suo)述溫(wen)感(gan)器24設在陶瓷管3旁,溫(wen)感(gan)器24與采樣(yang)電路(lu)11連接,PAL控制系(xi)統(tong)10通過采樣(yang)電路(lu)11監測電堆2的(de)溫(wen)度;以(yi)及
鋰離子電池(chi)(chi)7、止回(hui)二極(ji)管4、第(di)一開(kai)關(guan)5及第(di)二開(kai)關(guan)6;所(suo)述鋰離子電池(chi)(chi)7與(yu)第(di)二開(kai)關(guan)6串聯后與(yu)負載9并聯,負載9通(tong)(tong)過(guo)第(di)一開(kai)關(guan)6及止回(hui)二極(ji)管4與(yu)電堆(dui)2的(de)(de)輸出端(duan)連(lian)(lian)接,所(suo)述電堆(dui)2的(de)(de)輸出端(duan)還與(yu)采樣(yang)電路(lu)11的(de)(de)輸入端(duan)連(lian)(lian)接,所(suo)述PAL控(kong)制系統10通(tong)(tong)過(guo)采樣(yang)電路(lu)11監(jian)測電堆(dui)2的(de)(de)狀態,負載9與(yu)采樣(yang)電路(lu)11的(de)(de)輸入端(duan)連(lian)(lian)接,PAL控(kong)制系統10通(tong)(tong)過(guo)采樣(yang)電路(lu)10能檢(jian)測負載9的(de)(de)工作狀態;以及
驅(qu)動模(mo)塊(kuai)14;所述驅(qu)動模(mo)塊(kuai)14接收PAL控制系統10輸出的信號并驅(qu)動第(di)一(yi)開關5、第(di)二開關6、第(di)三開關18及第(di)四開關19,所述驅(qu)動模(mo)塊(kuai)14為常用電路(lu)。
工作時,當SOFC燃料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池系(xi)統冷啟(qi)動時,開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)啟(qi)燃料(liao)(liao)罐閥門(men)17,調整(zheng)燃料(liao)(liao)罐閥門(men)17使定壓(ya)閥門(men)22的氣(qi)壓(ya)閥值0.12MP-0.13MP之間,再通(tong)過控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)PAL控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統10合上(shang)(shang)第(di)四開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)19、啟(qi)動點火(huo)器21及啟(qi)動氣(qi)泵結(jie)構,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)感器24檢測電(dian)堆(dui)2是(shi)否持(chi)(chi)(chi)續溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)(sheng),如無持(chi)(chi)(chi)續溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)(sheng),關(guan)(guan)(guan)斷燃料(liao)(liao)罐閥門(men)17,檢查燃料(liao)(liao)情況;如電(dian)堆(dui)2持(chi)(chi)(chi)續溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)(sheng),等待電(dian)堆(dui)2溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)至500℃,電(dian)堆(dui)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度到500℃后,PAL控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統10斷開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)第(di)四開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)19及關(guan)(guan)(guan)閉(bi)點火(huo)器21,并合上(shang)(shang)第(di)三開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)18、第(di)一開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)5,從而使電(dian)堆(dui)2向負載9供電(dian),PAL控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統10通(tong)過控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)泵結(jie)構的風量來控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)堆(dui)2工作溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)在650℃-750℃之;
當(dang)(dang)負(fu)載9的(de)(de)工作功率大于電(dian)(dian)堆2輸(shu)出(chu)功率的(de)(de)90%時(shi),PAL控(kong)制系統合上第二開(kai)(kai)關(guan)6,從(cong)而使鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)池7及電(dian)(dian)堆2共同(tong)向負(fu)載9供電(dian)(dian);當(dang)(dang)負(fu)載9的(de)(de)工作功率小于電(dian)(dian)堆2輸(shu)出(chu)功率的(de)(de)90%時(shi),繼續合上第二開(kai)(kai)關(guan)6,電(dian)(dian)堆2能同(tong)時(shi)向鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)池7充電(dian)(dian),當(dang)(dang)鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)池7電(dian)(dian)量(liang)充滿后(hou),PAL控(kong)制系統斷開(kai)(kai)第二開(kai)(kai)關(guan)6;
當SOFC燃料電(dian)池處于工作狀態(tai)但電(dian)堆2溫度小于500℃時,PAL控制系統10再次開啟第四開關19及(ji)點火器21對電(dian)堆2進行加熱;
當SOFC燃(ran)料電池(chi)停(ting)止向負載9供電時,PAL控制系統10斷開(kai)第(di)(di)一(yi)開(kai)關(guan)5及(ji)第(di)(di)三開(kai)關(guan)18,并打開(kai)第(di)(di)四(si)開(kai)關(guan)18及(ji)開(kai)啟(qi)點(dian)火(huo)器21,從而(er)使電堆2進入(ru)保溫狀態;
當PAL控制系統10檢(jian)測(ce)電堆(dui)2的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功率(lv)(lv)(lv),低于額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)80%,且(qie)檢(jian)測(ce)電堆(dui)2溫度(du)大于650℃,一級(ji)報警;PAL控制系統檢(jian)測(ce)電堆(dui)2的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功率(lv)(lv)(lv),低于額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)80%,且(qie)檢(jian)測(ce)電堆(dui)2溫度(du)在550℃-650℃之間時,二級(ji)報警;當PAL控制系統檢(jian)測(ce)電堆(dui)2的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功率(lv)(lv)(lv),低于額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)80%,且(qie)檢(jian)測(ce)電堆(dui)2溫度(du)小于500℃,三級(ji)報警,并停止電堆(dui)2工作;
PAL控(kong)制系統10檢測壓(ya)力變送模塊,當(dang)(dang)壓(ya)力小于0.25MP時,一(yi)級報(bao)警(jing)(jing);當(dang)(dang)壓(ya)力小于0.15MP時,二級報(bao)警(jing)(jing);當(dang)(dang)壓(ya)力小于0.13MP時,三(san)級報(bao)警(jing)(jing),PAL控(kong)制系統10打開(kai)第(di)一(yi)開(kai)關5,并使電(dian)堆2停(ting)止工(gong)作,由鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池7向(xiang)負載9供電(dian)。
在本實施(shi)例中,所述第(di)(di)一開(kai)關5、第(di)(di)二開(kai)關6及第(di)(di)三開(kai)關8均是繼電器。
在本實施例中(zhong),所述第四開關18及第五開關19均(jun)是(shi)電磁(ci)閥。
在(zai)本實施例中,所述(shu)氣(qi)(qi)泵結(jie)構包(bao)括氣(qi)(qi)泵6及氣(qi)(qi)泵繼電(dian)器(qi)8;所述(shu)氣(qi)(qi)泵6與(yu)氣(qi)(qi)泵繼電(dian)器(qi)8串(chuan)聯,氣(qi)(qi)泵繼電(dian)器(qi)8與(yu)驅動模塊14的(de)輸出端連接,PAL控(kong)制系統10通過氣(qi)(qi)泵繼電(dian)器(qi)8控(kong)制氣(qi)(qi)泵6的(de)工作狀態。
以(yi)上結(jie)合附圖對本(ben)發(fa)明的(de)(de)實(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式(shi)作(zuo)出詳細說明,但(dan)本(ben)發(fa)明不局(ju)限與所描述的(de)(de)實(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式(shi)。對與本(ben)領域的(de)(de)普通(tong)技(ji)術人員而言,在(zai)不脫離(li)本(ben)發(fa)明的(de)(de)原理和宗旨的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下對這些實(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式(shi)進行多種變化、修改、替換(huan)及(ji)變形仍落入在(zai)本(ben)發(fa)明的(de)(de)保護范圍內。