相關申請的交叉引用

本申(shen)請(qing)(qing)是2014年(nian)6月27日提交的美(mei)國第62/018451號臨時(shi)專利申(shen)請(qing)(qing)的pct國際申(shen)請(qing)(qing)。此處以引證的方式將(jiang)上述申(shen)請(qing)(qing)的整個公開并入。

本(ben)公(gong)開涉及(ji)衛星導航(hang)天(tian)線組件。

背景技術：

本(ben)節提供了(le)與不(bu)一(yi)定是現有技術的本(ben)公開有關的背景(jing)信息。

不同類(lei)型的(de)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)導(dao)(dao)航(hang)天(tian)線可以在(zai)汽車導(dao)(dao)航(hang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)使用(yong)。示例(li)操作衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)導(dao)(dao)航(hang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)包括(kuo)全球(qiu)定(ding)位系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(gps)、全球(qiu)導(dao)(dao)航(hang)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(glonass)、多普勒正交(jiao)和(he)無線電定(ding)位集成(cheng)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(doris)以及北斗導(dao)(dao)航(hang)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(bds)。開發中(zhong)的(de)示例(li)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)導(dao)(dao)航(hang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)包括(kuo)指(zhi)南針導(dao)(dao)航(hang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)伽利(li)略定(ding)位系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。

汽車(che)(che)衛(wei)星導(dao)(dao)航天(tian)線(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在車(che)(che)輛(liang)內(nei)部(bu)或(huo)外(wai)部(bu)。例如(ru)，衛(wei)星導(dao)(dao)航天(tian)線(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在外(wai)部(bu)車(che)(che)輛(liang)表面上(shang)，諸如(ru)車(che)(che)輛(liang)的(de)車(che)(che)頂、行李箱或(huo)發動(dong)機蓋(gai)，以(yi)幫(bang)助確保天(tian)線(xian)(xian)在頭頂上(shang)或(huo)朝向天(tian)頂具有無阻(zu)的(de)視野。作(zuo)為另一個示(shi)例，衛(wei)星導(dao)(dao)航天(tian)線(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在車(che)(che)輛(liang)的(de)儀表板內(nei)部(bu)。衛(wei)星導(dao)(dao)航天(tian)線(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)連接到車(che)(che)輛(liang)乘客(ke)艙內(nei)部(bu)的(de)一個或(huo)更多個電子裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(例如(ru)，內(nei)置式(shi)觸摸屏(ping)顯(xian)示(shi)器等)。

圖1例(li)示了傳(chuan)統(tong)gps天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)100，該傳(chuan)統(tong)gps天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)100包括(kuo)gps貼片天線(xian)104、印(yin)刷電(dian)(dian)路(lu)板組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(pcba)108以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)磁干擾(rao)(emi)屏蔽件(jian)112。gps天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)100還包括(kuo)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)116，該連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)116用于將印(yin)刷電(dian)(dian)路(lu)板組(zu)(zu)件(jian)108電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)至通信鏈(lian)路(lu)，該通信鏈(lian)路(lu)轉而可以(yi)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)到車(che)輛(liang)乘客(ke)艙內部(bu)(bu)的電(dian)(dian)子(zi)裝置(zhi)(例(li)如，內置(zhi)式觸摸(mo)屏顯示器(qi)等)。gps天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)100包括(kuo)用于gps天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)100的部(bu)(bu)件(jian)的兩件(jian)式殼體(ti)。殼體(ti)包括(kuo)頂(ding)(ding)殼體(ti)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)120，該頂(ding)(ding)殼體(ti)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)120可以(yi)耦接(jie)(jie)到底(di)殼體(ti)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)124(例(li)如，連(lian)(lian)同(tong)底(di)殼體(ti)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)一起卡扣(kou)、閂(shuan)鎖至底(di)殼體(ti)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)等)。在(zai)pcb組(zu)(zu)件(jian)108與頂(ding)(ding)殼體(ti)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)120之(zhi)間(jian)設置(zhi)有緩(huan)沖(chong)件(jian)128。

技術實現要素：

本節提(ti)供了(le)公開(kai)(kai)的(de)簡要綜述，并且不是其全(quan)范圍或其所有特(te)征(zheng)的(de)詳盡(jin)公開(kai)(kai)。

公開了天(tian)線組件(jian)或模(mo)塊的示例性實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。示例性實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)可以總體上包括衛星(xing)(xing)導(dao)航(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)線(例如，gps貼片天(tian)線、glonass貼片天(tian)線、其他(ta)衛星(xing)(xing)導(dao)航(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)線等)。一個或更多個中間(intervening)部件(jian)設置(zhi)在(zai)衛星(xing)(xing)導(dao)航(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)線與印刷電路板(pcb)之間，使得衛星(xing)(xing)導(dao)航(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)線不直(zhi)接設置(zhi)在(zai)pcb上。

進一步的應(ying)用(yong)(yong)領域根據(ju)這里所提供的描述將(jiang)變得明顯。該綜述中的描述和(he)具體示例僅旨(zhi)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)例示的目的，并且不(bu)旨(zhi)在(zai)限制本公開(kai)的范圍。

附圖說明

這(zhe)里所(suo)描述的附圖僅(jin)用(yong)于例示所(suo)選實施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)目的而(er)不是所(suo)有(you)可能的實施(shi)方(fang)案，并且不旨(zhi)在限制本(ben)公開的范圍。

圖(tu)1是(shi)傳(chuan)統gps天線組件的(de)分解立(li)體圖(tu)；

圖2是根據示例性實施方式的(de)gps天線組件的(de)分解立(li)體圖；

圖3是根據另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)示例性實施方式的gps天線(xian)組件(jian)的分解(jie)立體圖；

圖4是(shi)根據另一個示例性實施方式的gps天(tian)線組件的分(fen)解(jie)立體圖；

圖5是用于圖1至圖4中所(suo)示的(de)gps天線組件(jian)的(de)、參照圓極化(hua)、理論各向同性(xing)輻射(she)器的(de)離水平線90度(瞄準線(boresight))天線增(zeng)益(yi)(單(dan)位為(wei)分貝(bei))對頻率(單(dan)位為(wei)兆赫)(mhz)的(de)線圖；

圖(tu)(tu)(tu)6是用于圖(tu)(tu)(tu)1至(zhi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)4中所示的gps天線組件的以分貝為單(dan)位的離水平線79度天線增益對(dui)頻(pin)率(單(dan)位為mhz)的線圖(tu)(tu)(tu)；

圖7是(shi)根據另一(yi)個(ge)示例性實施方式的天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件的分解立體圖，該天線(xian)組(zu)(zu)件在(zai)gps頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)和(he)一(yi)個(ge)或(huo)更多(duo)個(ge)其他頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(例如，專(zhuan)用短距離通信(xin)(dsrc)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)等)具有(you)雙諧振(zhen)和(he)/或(huo)可在(zai)該頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)操作；

圖8是圖7中所示的(de)(de)天線組(zu)件的(de)(de)立(li)體圖，其為組(zu)裝之后，但是是在(zai)沒有頂殼體部分的(de)(de)情況下示出；

圖(tu)(tu)9是示(shi)出了(le)圖(tu)(tu)8中所示(shi)的天(tian)線(xian)組件的部(bu)分立體圖(tu)(tu)，其(qi)示(shi)出了(le)天(tian)線(xian)組件的內(nei)部(bu)；

圖10是圖7中所(suo)示的天線組件的橫截面側視圖，其包括頂殼體部分；

圖(tu)11示(shi)出了用于(yu)圖(tu)1中(zhong)所示(shi)的(de)gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件的(de)天(tian)線(xian)(xian)諧振(zhen)，并且(qie)例示(shi)了在1.575吉(ji)赫茲(ghz)的(de)gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)頻(pin)率(lv)的(de)單天(tian)線(xian)(xian)諧振(zhen)；

圖(tu)(tu)12示出了用于圖(tu)(tu)7至圖(tu)(tu)10中所示的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)線組件的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)線諧振(zhen)，并且例示了在1.575ghz的(de)(de)gps頻率和另一個頻率2.9ghz的(de)(de)雙天(tian)(tian)線諧振(zhen)；

圖13是根據另(ling)一個(ge)示例(li)性實施方式的天線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)的分解立體圖，在(zai)該天線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)中，3層反射件(jian)(例(li)如，金(jin)屬層、pcb層、金(jin)屬層等(deng))和電介質(zhi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)在(zai)貼片天線(xian)與pcba之間(jian)(jian)；

圖14是圖13中所示的(de)天(tian)線組件的(de)立體圖，其(qi)為組裝之(zhi)后，但(dan)為清楚(chu)而未示出頂殼體部(bu)分；

圖(tu)15是圖(tu)14中(zhong)所(suo)示(shi)(shi)的天線組件的部(bu)分立體圖(tu)，但是是在沒有emi屏蔽件和(he)底殼體部(bu)分的情況下(xia)示(shi)(shi)出(chu)；

圖16是在圖14所示(shi)的天線組(zu)件(jian)的頂視圖；

圖(tu)17是圖(tu)14中所示的天線組件的立體圖(tu)；

圖18是圖14中所示的(de)(de)天(tian)線組件的(de)(de)端視圖；

圖(tu)(tu)19是圖(tu)(tu)14中(zhong)所示的天(tian)線組件的端視圖(tu)(tu)；

圖(tu)(tu)20是圖(tu)(tu)14中所示(shi)的天(tian)線組件(jian)的立體圖(tu)(tu)，其中，頂殼體部分被示(shi)出(chu)為透(tou)明(ming)或(huo)半(ban)透(tou)明(ming)以(yi)示(shi)出(chu)下層(ceng)部件(jian)；

圖21是根(gen)據另一個示例性實施方式的天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)的側(ce)視圖，在(zai)該天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)中，3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)件(jian)(例如，金屬層(ceng)(ceng)、pcb層(ceng)(ceng)、金屬層(ceng)(ceng)等)和電介(jie)質間隔件(jian)在(zai)貼片天線(xian)(xian)與pcba之間，并且其中，來自(zi)貼片天線(xian)(xian)的連接件(jian)(例如，引(yin)腳(jiao)等)不直接穿(chuan)過3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)件(jian)的pcb層(ceng)(ceng)，但(dan)連接件(jian)圍繞pcb層(ceng)(ceng)延伸(例如，“轉向(xiang)”到pcb層(ceng)(ceng)的側(ce)部等)，然后(hou)下穿(chuan)至pcba；

圖22是圖21中所示的天線組(zu)件的部分立體圖；

圖(tu)23是在沒有頂殼體(ti)部(bu)分的、圖(tu)21中所示(shi)的天線(xian)組件(jian)的立體(ti)圖(tu)；

圖24是圖23中所示(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)天(tian)線組件的(de)(de)剖面側視圖，示(shi)(shi)出了(le)天(tian)線組件的(de)(de)內(nei)部；

圖(tu)(tu)(tu)25、圖(tu)(tu)(tu)26、圖(tu)(tu)(tu)27以及(ji)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)28分(fen)別(bie)是圖(tu)(tu)(tu)23中所示(shi)的(de)天線組(zu)件的(de)頂(ding)視(shi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)、立體(ti)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)、端視(shi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)以及(ji)側視(shi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)，其中，頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)部分(fen)被示(shi)出為透(tou)明或半透(tou)明以示(shi)出下層部件；以及(ji)

圖(tu)29、圖(tu)30、圖(tu)31以(yi)(yi)及(ji)圖(tu)31分別是圖(tu)21中所示的(de)天(tian)線組件的(de)頂視圖(tu)、立體(ti)圖(tu)、以(yi)(yi)及(ji)側視圖(tu)，其中，頂殼體(ti)部分被示出為透(tou)明或半透(tou)明以(yi)(yi)示出下(xia)層部件。

具體實施方式

現(xian)在將(jiang)參照(zhao)附圖更充分地描述示(shi)例實(shi)施(shi)方式。

這(zhe)(zhe)里公開(kai)了(le)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)模塊(例(li)如，200、300、400、500、600、700等(deng)(deng))的示(shi)(shi)例(li)性(xing)實施方式(shi)，該(gai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)模塊可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)密集植物中(zhong)以(yi)及市中(zhong)心或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)市區中(zhong)提供顯著的天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線增益改(gai)善和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)系統性(xing)能改(gai)善。這(zhe)(zhe)些示(shi)(shi)例(li)性(xing)實施方式(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)導航天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(例(li)如，gps貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線、glonass貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線、其(qi)他(ta)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)導航天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線等(deng)(deng))。一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)中(zhong)間(jian)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)置(zhi)在(zai)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)導航天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線與印刷電路板(ban)(pcb)之間(jian)，使(shi)得(de)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)導航天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線不直接(jie)設(she)置(zhi)在(zai)pcb上。這(zhe)(zhe)種中(zhong)間(jian)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的示(shi)(shi)例(li)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)導電反射件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)接(jie)地面、一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)輻(fu)射器、輻(fu)射結構或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(例(li)如，可(ke)在(zai)dsrc頻(pin)率操(cao)作的天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線等(deng)(deng))、一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)電介(jie)(jie)質或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)電介(jie)(jie)質材料、一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)電介(jie)(jie)質間(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)電絕緣體、一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)導電間(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)電導體及其(qi)組(zu)(zu)合等(deng)(deng)。在(zai)一(yi)(yi)些示(shi)(shi)例(li)性(xing)實施方式(shi)中(zhong)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)除了(le)可(ke)以(yi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)導航天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線之外，還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)其(qi)他(ta)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線、輻(fu)射器或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)輻(fu)射結構，使(shi)得(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)頻(pin)率范(fan)圍(諸如衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)導航頻(pin)率(例(li)如，gps、glonass等(deng)(deng))和dsrc頻(pin)率等(deng)(deng))內具有雙諧振，和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)用多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)頻(pin)率范(fan)圍操(cao)作。

例(li)(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，示例(li)(li)(li)性實施方式包括貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(例(li)(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，gps貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)、glonass貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)等)，該貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)被(bei)(例(li)(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)等)設置在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(例(li)(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，0.2毫米(mm)厚金屬接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)等)上(shang)或(huo)(huo)被(bei)設置為(wei)(wei)抵靠該導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)。轉而，導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)被(bei)(例(li)(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)等)設置在(zai)(zai)pcb上(shang)或(huo)(huo)被(bei)設置為(wei)(wei)抵靠pcb。由此(ci)，導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)設置在(zai)(zai)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)。導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)還(huan)可以被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)中間(jian)(jian)部件，其防止(zhi)或(huo)(huo)抑制貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)的直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)物理接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸。在(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組件的操作期間(jian)(jian)，在(zai)(zai)導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)上(shang)感生出表(biao)面(mian)電流，并且該表(biao)面(mian)電流由導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)再輻(fu)射(she)(she)，由此(ci)增強(qiang)了輻(fu)射(she)(she)模式。由此(ci)，貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)下方的導(dao)電反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件或(huo)(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)還(huan)被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)輻(fu)射(she)(she)器(qi)或(huo)(huo)輻(fu)射(she)(she)結(jie)構。

在該第一示例中，導電(dian)反射件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)(huo)占(zhan)位(wei)(footprint)可以(yi)大(da)于貼片天(tian)線(xian)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)(huo)占(zhan)位(wei)。導電(dian)反射件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)(huo)占(zhan)位(wei)可以(yi)大(da)約與pcb的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)(huo)占(zhan)位(wei)相(xiang)同或(huo)(huo)(huo)小于pcb的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)(huo)占(zhan)位(wei)，使得(de)導電(dian)接(jie)地面(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)反射件(jian)的(de)(de)添加不增大(da)天(tian)線(xian)組件(jian)的(de)(de)整體占(zhan)位(wei)。

貼片(pian)天線可以經(jing)由諸如(ru)未絕(jue)緣(yuan)的引(yin)腳或(huo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)引(yin)腳的連(lian)接(jie)件(例如(ru)，周圍具(ju)有emi屏蔽件的金屬導體等)電連(lian)接(jie)或(huo)耦接(jie)至pcb。引(yin)腳可以為半剛性(xing)引(yin)腳，并(bing)且從貼片(pian)天線穿過導電反射(she)件或(huo)接(jie)地(di)面中的開口(kou)延伸到(dao)pcb。

作為第(di)二示例(li)(li)，另一個示例(li)(li)性(xing)實施(shi)方式包括貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(例(li)(li)如(ru)，gps貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)、glonass貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng))，該(gai)(gai)貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)(bei)(例(li)(li)如(ru)，直接等(deng)(deng))設置在(zai)電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)絕(jue)緣體(ti)(例(li)(li)如(ru)，1mm厚的(de)(de)(de)塑料(liao)墊(dian)圈、環形或(huo)中空構(gou)件(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng))上(shang)或(huo)被(bei)(bei)設置為抵靠該(gai)(gai)電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)絕(jue)緣體(ti)。轉而，電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)被(bei)(bei)(例(li)(li)如(ru)，直接等(deng)(deng))設置在(zai)pcb上(shang)或(huo)被(bei)(bei)設置為抵靠pcb。由此，電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)設置在(zai)貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與pcb之間(jian)(jian)(jian)。電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)還可以被(bei)(bei)稱為中間(jian)(jian)(jian)部件(jian)(jian)，其防止或(huo)抑制貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與pcb之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)直接物理接觸(chu)。由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)(例(li)(li)如(ru)，1mm等(deng)(deng))，電(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)使貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)升高，并且產(chan)生氣(qi)隙(airgap)(例(li)(li)如(ru)，1mm氣(qi)隙，隔(ge)開1mm等(deng)(deng))，該(gai)(gai)氣(qi)隙在(zai)需(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下改變(bian)貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)輻射模(mo)式(或(huo)指向性(xing))以指向高的(de)(de)(de)仰角。

在該第二示例(li)中，電介(jie)質(zhi)間隔(ge)件(jian)可以(yi)具有等(deng)(deng)于、大(da)于或(huo)小于貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)的(de)對(dui)應尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)的(de)長度(du)(du)和/或(huo)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)。例(li)如(ru)，電介(jie)質(zhi)間隔(ge)件(jian)可以(yi)包(bao)括具有等(deng)(deng)于貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)的(de)長度(du)(du)和寬(kuan)度(du)(du)的(de)外徑(jing)的(de)塑料圓形墊圈。

同樣，在該第(di)二(er)示例中，貼片天線可(ke)(ke)以經由諸如(ru)未絕緣的(de)引腳(jiao)(jiao)或(huo)絕緣引腳(jiao)(jiao)的(de)連(lian)接(jie)件(jian)(jian)(例如(ru)，周圍具(ju)有emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)的(de)金屬導體等)電連(lian)接(jie)或(huo)耦(ou)接(jie)至pcb。引腳(jiao)(jiao)可(ke)(ke)以為半剛性引腳(jiao)(jiao)，并(bing)且從貼片天線穿過電介質間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)中的(de)開口延伸到pcb。對于(yu)較大(da)的(de)電介質間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)，將絕緣引腳(jiao)(jiao)用作連(lian)接(jie)件(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)以是優選的(de)。

作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)第三示例(li)(li)，另一個示例(li)(li)性(xing)實施方(fang)式包括(kuo)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，gps貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)、glonass貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)等(deng))，該(gai)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)被(bei)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)等(deng))設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)體(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，1mm)厚金(jin)屬墊圈、環形或(huo)中空構(gou)件(jian)等(deng))上或(huo)被(bei)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)抵靠(kao)該(gai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)體。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)被(bei)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)上方(fang)和被(bei)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)等(deng))設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，0.2毫米(mm)厚金(jin)屬接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)等(deng))上或(huo)被(bei)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)抵靠(kao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)。轉而，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)被(bei)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)等(deng))設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在pcb上或(huo)被(bei)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)抵靠(kao)pcb。因(yin)此(ci)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)之間(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)和導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)都可以被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中間(jian)(jian)部件(jian)，其防止(zhi)或(huo)抑制貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)的直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)物(wu)理接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸。

由于(yu)導(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)厚度(例如，1mm等)，導(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)使貼片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)升高(gao)，并且在貼片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)與導(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)產生氣隙(xi)(例如，1mm氣隙(xi)，隔(ge)(ge)開1mm等)，該(gai)氣隙(xi)在需要的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)改變貼片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)模式(或(huo)指向(xiang)性)以(yi)指向(xiang)高(gao)的(de)(de)仰角。在天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)操作期間(jian)(jian)，在導(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面上感(gan)生出表(biao)面電(dian)流，并且該(gai)表(biao)面電(dian)流由導(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面再(zai)輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)，由此增強了(le)輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)模式。貼片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)下(xia)方的(de)(de)導(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面還可以(yi)被稱為(wei)輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)器或(huo)輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)結構。

在該第三示例中，導(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)可以(yi)具(ju)有(you)等于、大于或(huo)(huo)小于貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線的(de)(de)對應尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)長(chang)度和(he)/或(huo)(huo)寬度尺(chi)寸。例如，導(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)可以(yi)包括(kuo)具(ju)有(you)等于貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線的(de)(de)長(chang)度和(he)寬度的(de)(de)外徑的(de)(de)金屬圓形墊(dian)圈。導(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射件(jian)或(huo)(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)位可以(yi)大于貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)位。導(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射件(jian)或(huo)(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)位可以(yi)大約與pcb的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)位相同或(huo)(huo)小于pcb的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)位，使得(de)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)或(huo)(huo)反射件(jian)的(de)(de)添(tian)加(jia)不增大天(tian)線組件(jian)的(de)(de)整體(ti)占(zhan)(zhan)位。

同樣，在該第三示(shi)例(li)中，貼(tie)片天(tian)線(xian)可以(yi)(yi)經由(you)諸如未絕(jue)緣的引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)或(huo)絕(jue)緣引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)的連接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(例(li)如，周(zhou)圍(wei)具有(you)emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)的金屬導(dao)體等)電(dian)連接(jie)(jie)或(huo)耦(ou)接(jie)(jie)至pcb。引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)可以(yi)(yi)為半剛(gang)性引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)，并且從(cong)貼(tie)片天(tian)線(xian)穿過導(dao)電(dian)間隔件(jian)和導(dao)電(dian)反射(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)地(di)面中的開口(kou)延(yan)伸到pcb。

在(zai)(zai)上(shang)述第三示例中，導電(dian)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)貼片(pian)天線與(yu)導電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件或接地(di)面(mian)之間(jian)，而導電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件或接地(di)面(mian)設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)導電(dian)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件與(yu)pcb之間(jian)。在(zai)(zai)其(qi)他示例性(xing)實施方式中，一個(ge)或更(geng)多個(ge)導電(dian)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件和/或一個(ge)或更(geng)多個(ge)電(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)件可以設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)導電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件或接地(di)面(mian)上(shang)方和/或下方。

作為第(di)四示例(li)，第(di)一(yi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體和(he)(he)第(di)二(er)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體分(fen)別設置在導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)上方和(he)(he)下方，使得導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)在第(di)一(yi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與第(di)二(er)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第(di)一(yi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設置在貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天線(例(li)如，gps貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天線、glonass貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天線等)與導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，而第(di)二(er)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設置在導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)與pcb之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第(di)一(yi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)第(di)二(er)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)都可以(yi)被稱為中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，其防止或(huo)抑制貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天線與pcb之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的直接物理接觸。

在(zai)該第(di)(di)四示例中，第(di)(di)一(yi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)貼片天(tian)(tian)線(xian)與導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面(mian)之間產生第(di)(di)一(yi)氣(qi)隙(xi)(例如(ru)，1mm氣(qi)隙(xi)，隔(ge)開(kai)1mm等)，而第(di)(di)二導(dao)(dao)電(dian)間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)pcb與導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面(mian)之間產生第(di)(di)二氣(qi)隙(xi)(例如(ru)，1mm氣(qi)隙(xi)，隔(ge)開(kai)1mm等)。第(di)(di)一(yi)氣(qi)隙(xi)和第(di)(di)二氣(qi)隙(xi)在(zai)需要的(de)(de)情況下改變貼片天(tian)(tian)線(xian)的(de)(de)輻射(she)(she)(she)模(mo)式(shi)(或(huo)指(zhi)向(xiang)性(xing))以指(zhi)向(xiang)高的(de)(de)仰角。在(zai)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)操作(zuo)期間，在(zai)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面(mian)上感(gan)生出表面(mian)電(dian)流(liu)，并且該表面(mian)電(dian)流(liu)由導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)(di)面(mian)再(zai)輻射(she)(she)(she)，由此增強了輻射(she)(she)(she)模(mo)式(shi)。

作為(wei)第(di)五示(shi)例(li)，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)設(she)置在導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)下(xia)方而不是(shi)設(she)置在其(qi)上(shang)方。導(dao)(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)設(she)置在導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)設(she)置在導(dao)(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)與(yu)貼片天線(例(li)如(ru)，gps貼片天線、glonass貼片天線等)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)和(he)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)都可以被(bei)稱為(wei)中間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)，其(qi)防止或(huo)抑制(zhi)貼片天線與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的直接(jie)物理接(jie)觸。

在該(gai)第五(wu)示例(li)中，導(dao)(dao)(dao)電間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在pcb與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)之間(jian)(jian)產生(sheng)氣(qi)隙(xi)(例(li)如，1mm氣(qi)隙(xi)，隔(ge)開1mm等)，該(gai)氣(qi)隙(xi)在需(xu)要(yao)的情況下改變貼片天線(xian)的輻(fu)射(she)模式(或指向(xiang)性)以指向(xiang)高的仰角。在天線(xian)組件(jian)(jian)(jian)的操(cao)作期間(jian)(jian)，在導(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)上(shang)感生(sheng)出表面(mian)(mian)電流，并且(qie)該(gai)表面(mian)(mian)電流由(you)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)再輻(fu)射(she)，由(you)此增強了輻(fu)射(she)模式。

作為(wei)第六示(shi)例(li)，電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)設置(zhi)在(zai)導(dao)電(dian)反射(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)下方(fang)而不是設置(zhi)在(zai)其(qi)上方(fang)。電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)設置(zhi)在(zai)導(dao)電(dian)反射(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)。導(dao)電(dian)反射(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)設置(zhi)在(zai)導(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)與(yu)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)(例(li)如，gps貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)、glonass貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)等(deng))之間(jian)(jian)。導(dao)電(dian)反射(she)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)和電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)都可以被稱(cheng)為(wei)中間(jian)(jian)部件(jian)(jian)，其(qi)防止或(huo)抑制貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)與(yu)pcb之間(jian)(jian)的直(zhi)接物(wu)理接觸。

在(zai)(zai)該第六示例中，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)pcb與導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)之間(jian)(jian)產生(sheng)氣隙(xi)(xi)(例如，1mm氣隙(xi)(xi)，隔(ge)開1mm等)，該氣隙(xi)(xi)在(zai)(zai)需要(yao)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下改(gai)變導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)和/或(huo)(huo)貼片(pian)天線的(de)輻射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)模式(或(huo)(huo)指(zhi)向性)以指(zhi)向高的(de)仰角。在(zai)(zai)天線組件(jian)的(de)操作(zuo)期間(jian)(jian)，在(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)感生(sheng)出(chu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)流，并且該表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)流由導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)再輻射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)，由此增(zeng)強(qiang)了輻射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)模式。

作為第七(qi)示例，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件的另一個(ge)示例性實施方(fang)式(例如(ru)，雙(shuang)(shuang)gps-dsrc智能天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng))在衛星導航頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(例如(ru)，gps頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)、glonass頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)等(deng))和一個(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)多個(ge)其(qi)他頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(例如(ru)，2.9ghz、5.9ghz的dsrc頻(pin)(pin)率(lv))具有雙(shuang)(shuang)諧(xie)振和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)可(ke)在該頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)操作。在該第七(qi)示例中，貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(例如(ru)，gps貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、glonass貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng))被(例如(ru)，直接等(deng))設置(zhi)在輻(fu)射器、輻(fu)射結構或(huo)(huo)(huo)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(例如(ru)，0.2mm厚(hou)的片(pian)狀金屬dsrc天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng))上或(huo)(huo)(huo)被設置(zhi)為抵靠輻(fu)射器、輻(fu)射結構或(huo)(huo)(huo)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(例如(ru)，5mm厚(hou)的雙(shuang)(shuang)面電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)帶或(huo)(huo)(huo)其(qi)他電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)材料等(deng))設置(zhi)在輻(fu)射天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)印刷電(dian)路板之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)。因(yin)此，輻(fu)射天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設置(zhi)在貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)。電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)設置(zhi)在輻(fu)射天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)pcb之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)。輻(fu)射天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)都可(ke)以被稱為中間(jian)部件，其(qi)防止(zhi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)抑制(zhi)貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)pcb之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的直接物理接觸。

在該(gai)(gai)第七示例中，輻(fu)射天(tian)(tian)線(xian)可以包(bao)(bao)括片狀金(jin)屬(shu)(例如，該(gai)(gai)片狀金(jin)屬(shu)具有0.2mm厚度等(deng))，該(gai)(gai)片狀金(jin)屬(shu)具有一(yi)個(ge)或(huo)更多個(ge)狹縫(例如，彼此相對的直角狹縫等(deng))，該(gai)(gai)狹縫使得(de)片狀金(jin)屬(shu)輻(fu)射，使得(de)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組件在衛星導航頻率(lv)除了具有第一(yi)諧(xie)振之外(wai)，還具有第二諧(xie)振(例如，5.9ghzdsrc頻帶等(deng))。例如，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組件在一(yi)些實(shi)施(shi)方式中可以包(bao)(bao)括雙(shuang)gps-dsrc智能天(tian)(tian)線(xian)。

片(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬(shu)可以(yi)(yi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)材料(例如(ru)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)0.5mm厚(hou)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)雙面電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)帶等(deng)(deng))支(zhi)撐(backed)，其(qi)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)在片(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬(shu)與(yu)(yu)pcb之間。片(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬(shu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)材料可以(yi)(yi)具(ju)(ju)有(you)等(deng)(deng)于(yu)、大(da)(da)于(yu)或(huo)(huo)小(xiao)于(yu)pcb的(de)(de)(de)對應(ying)尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)長度(du)(du)和/或(huo)(huo)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)。例如(ru)，片(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬(shu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)材料可以(yi)(yi)具(ju)(ju)有(you)大(da)(da)約與(yu)(yu)pcb的(de)(de)(de)對應(ying)尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)相同或(huo)(huo)小(xiao)于(yu)該對應(ying)尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)長度(du)(du)和/或(huo)(huo)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)尺(chi)寸(cun)(cun)，使得片(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬(shu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)材料的(de)(de)(de)添加不增大(da)(da)天線組件的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體占位。

同樣，在(zai)該第七示例(li)中，貼(tie)片天線(xian)可(ke)以(yi)經(jing)由諸(zhu)如未絕緣的(de)引腳或(huo)絕緣引腳的(de)連接(jie)件(例(li)如，周(zhou)圍具有emi屏蔽件的(de)金屬導體(ti)等)電連接(jie)或(huo)耦接(jie)至pcb。引腳可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)半剛性引腳，并且從貼(tie)片天線(xian)穿過輻射天線(xian)和電介質(zhi)材料(liao)中的(de)開口延伸(shen)到pcb。

作為第八示(shi)例(li)(li)，天(tian)線組(zu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)另(ling)一個示(shi)例(li)(li)性實施方式(shi)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，雙pcbgps天(tian)線等(deng))包括貼(tie)片天(tian)線(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，gps貼(tie)片天(tian)線、glonass貼(tie)片天(tian)線等(deng))，該(gai)貼(tie)片天(tian)線被(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)直(zhi)接等(deng))設置在(zai)(zai)多(duo)(duo)層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)的(de)上(shang)(shang)表面上(shang)(shang)或被設置為抵靠該(gai)上(shang)(shang)表面。例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，多(duo)(duo)層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)為3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)，該(gai)3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)包括上(shang)(shang)導(dao)電(dian)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，金屬等(deng))層(ceng)(ceng)、pcb層(ceng)(ceng)以(yi)及(ji)下導(dao)電(dian)(例(li)(li)如(ru)(ru)，金屬等(deng))層(ceng)(ceng)。電(dian)介(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)或電(dian)絕緣體在(zai)(zai)3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)與第二pcb之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。因(yin)此，3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)設置在(zai)(zai)貼(tie)片天(tian)線與電(dian)介(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。電(dian)介(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)與第二pcb之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。3層(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)和電(dian)介(jie)質間(jian)(jian)隔件(jian)(jian)都(dou)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)被稱為中間(jian)(jian)部件(jian)(jian)，其防止或抑制(zhi)貼(tie)片天(tian)線與第二pcb之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)直(zhi)接物理接觸(chu)。

第(di)二(er)pcb不焊接(jie)、貼到(dao)(dao)、安裝或(huo)附接(jie)到(dao)(dao)3層(ceng)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。3層(ceng)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)經由(you)(you)emi屏(ping)(ping)蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)突出(chu)部延伸穿過的(de)(de)、3層(ceng)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)導孔(kong)且經由(you)(you)作為(wei)殼體或(huo)外殼和(he)硅墊和(he)/或(huo)緩沖件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)結果(guo)而(er)施加于疊層(ceng)上的(de)(de)壓力而(er)固定。突出(chu)部和(he)導孔(kong)隨著3層(ceng)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)被焊接(jie)到(dao)(dao)emi屏(ping)(ping)蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)突出(chu)部而(er)提供屏(ping)(ping)蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)焊料連接(jie)。電(dian)介(jie)質間隔件(jian)(jian)(jian)包括延伸穿過3層(ceng)反射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)導孔(kong)的(de)(de)桿(gan)或(huo)樁(zhuang)。

同樣(yang)，在該(gai)第(di)八示例(li)(li)中(zhong)，貼(tie)片天線(xian)(xian)可以(yi)經由諸(zhu)如未(wei)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)或絕緣引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(例(li)(li)如，周圍(wei)具有emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)導體(ti)等)電(dian)連(lian)接或耦(ou)接至第(di)二(er)pcb。引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)可以(yi)為(wei)半剛性引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)可以(yi)從(cong)貼(tie)片天線(xian)(xian)穿過3層反射件(jian)(jian)(jian)和電(dian)介質(zhi)間隔件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)口延伸。或者，例(li)(li)如，來自貼(tie)片天線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(例(li)(li)如，引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)等)可以(yi)不直(zhi)接穿過3層反射件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)第(di)一pcb。相反，連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)可以(yi)圍(wei)繞(rao)第(di)一pcb延伸(例(li)(li)如，“轉向”至第(di)一pcb的(de)(de)(de)側部(bu)等)，然(ran)后下穿至第(di)二(er)pcb。

參(can)照(zhao)附(fu)圖(tu)，圖(tu)2例示(shi)了(le)具(ju)體實(shi)施(shi)本公開的一個或更多個方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的衛星導(dao)航天(tian)線組件(jian)或模塊200的示(shi)例性實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。如(ru)圖(tu)2所示(shi)，天(tian)線組件(jian)200包括貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線204、印(yin)刷電(dian)(dian)(dian)路板組件(jian)(pcba)208以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁干擾(emi)屏蔽(bi)件(jian)212。導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接地面(mian)(mian)或反射(she)件(jian)232被定位在貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線204與(yu)pcba208的上(shang)表面(mian)(mian)或上(shang)側之間。在一些(xie)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)中(zhong)，雙面(mian)(mian)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)帶和/或導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)可以(yi)用于導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接地面(mian)(mian)或反射(she)件(jian)232與(yu)貼(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線204和/或pcba208之間。

在該(gai)示(shi)例中，貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)204是gps貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)。pcba208包(bao)(bao)括包(bao)(bao)含fr4復合材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)電介質基板(ban)或(huo)板(ban)，該(gai)復合材料(liao)包(bao)(bao)括具有耐火的(de)(de)(de)環氧樹(shu)脂粘結劑的(de)(de)(de)編織玻璃纖維(wei)織物(wu)。emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)件(jian)212包(bao)(bao)括壓印片(pian)狀(zhuang)金屬(shu)，該(gai)壓印片(pian)狀(zhuang)金屬(shu)包(bao)(bao)括沿著(zhu)側壁的(de)(de)(de)彈性(xing)彈簧指213。emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)件(jian)212還包(bao)(bao)括延伸(shen)穿過pcba208中的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)孔的(de)(de)(de)突出部(bu)214。另選實施方式可以(yi)包(bao)(bao)括其他衛星導(dao)航(hang)和(he)/或(huo)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)(例如(ru)，glonass貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)等)、其他emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)件(jian)和(he)/或(huo)其他pcba。

天(tian)(tian)線組件(jian)(jian)(jian)200還包括連接(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)216，該(gai)(gai)連接(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)216用(yong)于將pcba208電(dian)連接(jie)至(zhi)(zhi)通信(xin)鏈(lian)路(lu)，該(gai)(gai)通信(xin)鏈(lian)路(lu)轉而可以(yi)連接(jie)到車(che)輛乘客艙內(nei)部的電(dian)子裝(zhuang)置(例(li)如(ru)，內(nei)置式觸摸屏(ping)顯示(shi)器等)。天(tian)(tian)線組件(jian)(jian)(jian)200包括用(yong)于天(tian)(tian)線組件(jian)(jian)(jian)200的部件(jian)(jian)(jian)的殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)。殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)包括可以(yi)頂殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)220，該(gai)(gai)頂殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)120可以(yi)耦(ou)接(jie)到底殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)224(例(li)如(ru)，連同底殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)一起卡扣、閂鎖至(zhi)(zhi)底殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)等)。殼體(ti)(ti)(ti)可以(yi)由例(li)如(ru)塑料等電(dian)介質(zhi)材料形成。

彈性(xing)可(ke)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(例如，硅膠等)緩(huan)(huan)沖(chong)件228被定(ding)位在(zai)pcb組(zu)件208與(yu)頂(ding)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)構(gou)(gou)件220之間(jian)。緩(huan)(huan)沖(chong)件228在(zai)頂(ding)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)構(gou)(gou)件220和(he)底殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)構(gou)(gou)件224耦接在(zai)一起時(shi)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)地(di)總體(ti)(ti)上(shang)夾在(zai)pcba208與(yu)頂(ding)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)構(gou)(gou)件220之間(jian)。緩(huan)(huan)沖(chong)件228的(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)生成總體(ti)(ti)上(shang)朝向(xiang)emi屏蔽件212推進pcba208的(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)力(li)，該壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)力(li)有助于pacba208與(yu)屏蔽件212的(de)電接地(di)。

廣泛范圍(wei)的材(cai)料(liao)(liao)可(ke)以用(yong)于(yu)導電(dian)接(jie)地面(mian)或(huo)反(fan)(fan)射件(jian)232，諸(zhu)如金屬(shu)、金屬(shu)合金、金屬(shu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)、導電(dian)復合材(cai)料(liao)(liao)等(deng)。在(zai)該示例(li)(li)(li)性實施方式中(zhong)，導電(dian)接(jie)地面(mian)或(huo)反(fan)(fan)射件(jian)232是具有(you)0.2毫米厚度的金屬(shu)地面(mian)(例(li)(li)(li)如，片(pian)狀金屬(shu))。接(jie)地面(mian)或(huo)反(fan)(fan)射件(jian)232的較薄可(ke)以允(yun)許現有(you)殼體(例(li)(li)(li)如，圖1中(zhong)的頂(ding)殼體構件(jian)120)在(zai)不需要工具更(geng)換的情況下與天線組(zu)件(jian)200一起(qi)使用(yong)(盡(jin)管接(jie)地面(mian)或(huo)反(fan)(fan)射件(jian)232被添加到(dao)貼片(pian)天線204與pcba208之間)。

繼續(xu)參照圖2，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)或反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)232在(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)(jian)200的(de)(de)最(zui)終組裝(zhuang)形式中設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)pcba208的(de)(de)上(shang)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)或上(shang)側上(shang)。由(you)此，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)232設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)204與pcba208之間(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)232還可以被稱為中間(jian)(jian)部件(jian)(jian)，其(qi)防止或抑制貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)204與pcba208之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)直接(jie)(jie)物理接(jie)(jie)觸。在(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)(jian)200的(de)(de)操作期間(jian)(jian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)232上(shang)感(gan)生出(chu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)電(dian)流(liu)，并(bing)且(qie)該表(biao)面(mian)(mian)電(dian)流(liu)由(you)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)232再輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)，由(you)此增強了輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)模式。由(you)此，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)232還被稱為輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)器(qi)或輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)結構。因此，貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)204不直接(jie)(jie)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)pcba208上(shang)。

導電反射件或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)232的(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積或(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位可以大于(yu)(yu)、小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)或(huo)等于(yu)(yu)貼片天(tian)線204的(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積或(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位。在該示(shi)例(li)中，導電反射件或(huo)接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)232具有大約與pcba208相同的(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積或(huo)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位，使得導電接地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)或(huo)反射件232的(de)添加不增大天(tian)線組件200的(de)整體(ti)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位。

貼(tie)片(pian)天線204可以(yi)經由連(lian)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)電連(lian)接(jie)(jie)或(huo)耦(ou)接(jie)(jie)到pcba208。連(lian)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)可以(yi)包括未絕緣(yuan)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)或(huo)絕緣(yuan)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(例(li)如(ru)，周(zhou)圍具有(you)emi屏蔽件(jian)的金屬導體等)。引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)可以(yi)為半剛性引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，并且從貼(tie)片(pian)天線204穿(chuan)過導電反射件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)地面232中的開(kai)口236延伸(shen)到pcba208。

天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件200可(ke)以(yi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)車輛(liang)內部或(huo)外部。例如，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件200可(ke)以(yi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)外部車輛(liang)表(biao)面(諸如車輛(liang)的(de)(de)車頂、行(xing)李箱(xiang)或(huo)發動(dong)機(ji)蓋)上(shang)(shang)，以(yi)幫助確(que)保天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)在(zai)頭頂上(shang)(shang)或(huo)朝向天(tian)(tian)頂具有暢通無(wu)阻的(de)(de)視野。作(zuo)為另(ling)一(yi)個示例，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件200可(ke)以(yi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)車輛(liang)的(de)(de)儀表(biao)板內部。有利地，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件200具有允許(xu)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組件200安裝(zhuang)在(zai)車輛(liang)儀表(biao)板內部的(de)(de)、水(shui)平(ping)線(xian)(xian)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)50度的(de)(de)良(liang)好或(huo)足夠高增(zeng)益。水(shui)平(ping)線(xian)(xian)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)50度增(zeng)益對于(yu)ip安裝(zhuang)位置最重要

圖3例示(shi)(shi)了具(ju)體實(shi)施本公開的(de)一(yi)個或(huo)更多個方面的(de)衛星導航天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)模塊(kuai)300的(de)另(ling)一(yi)個示(shi)(shi)例性實(shi)施方式。如(ru)圖3所示(shi)(shi)，天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)300包括貼片天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)304、pcba308以及(ji)emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)312。電介質間隔件(jian)(jian)或(huo)電絕緣體340被定位在貼片天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)304與(yu)pcba308的(de)上表面或(huo)上側(ce)之間。在一(yi)些(xie)實(shi)施方式中，雙(shuang)面介電膠帶和(he)/或(huo)介電膠可以用于電介質間隔件(jian)(jian)340與(yu)貼片天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)304和(he)/或(huo)pcba308之間。

在該示例中，貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)304是gps貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)。pcba308包(bao)括(kuo)電介質基板或(huo)(huo)板，該電介質基板或(huo)(huo)板包(bao)括(kuo)fr4復合材料，該復合材料包(bao)括(kuo)具有(you)耐(nai)火的環(huan)氧樹脂粘(zhan)結劑的編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)玻(bo)璃纖維織(zhi)(zhi)物。emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)312包(bao)括(kuo)壓印片(pian)狀金屬(shu)(shu)，該壓印片(pian)狀金屬(shu)(shu)包(bao)括(kuo)沿著側壁的彈性彈簧指。另選實施方式可以包(bao)括(kuo)其他衛(wei)星導航和(he)/或(huo)(huo)貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(例如，glonass貼片(pian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)等)、其他emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)和(he)/或(huo)(huo)其他pcba。

天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)300還包(bao)括(kuo)連接件(jian)(jian)(jian)316，該(gai)(gai)連接件(jian)(jian)(jian)216用于(yu)將pcba308電連接至通(tong)信(xin)鏈(lian)路，該(gai)(gai)通(tong)信(xin)鏈(lian)路轉而可(ke)以連接到(dao)車輛乘客艙(cang)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)電子裝置(zhi)(zhi)(例如(ru)，內(nei)(nei)置(zhi)(zhi)式(shi)觸摸屏顯(xian)示器(qi)等(deng))。天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)300包(bao)括(kuo)用于(yu)天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)300的(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)殼(ke)(ke)體。殼(ke)(ke)體包(bao)括(kuo)頂殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)320，該(gai)(gai)頂殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)120可(ke)以耦接到(dao)底(di)殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)324(例如(ru)，連同底(di)殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)一起卡(ka)扣、閂鎖至底(di)殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng))。殼(ke)(ke)體可(ke)以由電介(jie)質(zhi)材料(例如(ru)，塑料等(deng))形成。

彈(dan)性(xing)可壓縮(suo)(suo)(緩例如，硅膠等)緩沖件(jian)(jian)328被定位在(zai)pcba308與頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構件(jian)(jian)320之間。緩沖件(jian)(jian)328在(zai)頂(ding)和底(di)殼(ke)體(ti)構件(jian)(jian)320、324耦接在(zai)一起(qi)時壓縮(suo)(suo)地(di)總(zong)體(ti)上夾在(zai)pcba308與頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構件(jian)(jian)320之間。緩沖件(jian)(jian)328的壓縮(suo)(suo)生成總(zong)體(ti)上朝向emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)312推(tui)進(jin)pcba308的壓縮(suo)(suo)力，該壓縮(suo)(suo)力有(you)助于pcba308與屏蔽件(jian)(jian)312的電接地(di)。

廣泛范圍的電介(jie)質材料(liao)可以用(yong)于電介(jie)質間(jian)隔件或電絕緣體(ti)340，諸如塑料(liao)、介(jie)電傳導(dao)材料(liao)。在該示(shi)例性實施方式(shi)中，電介(jie)質間(jian)隔件340是具有1mm厚度的塑料(liao)圓形墊圈。

繼(ji)續參照圖3，電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)340在(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)300的(de)最(zui)終組裝形式中設(she)置在(zai)pcba308的(de)上(shang)表面(mian)(mian)或(huo)上(shang)側上(shang)。由(you)此(ci)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)340設(she)置在(zai)貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304與pcba308之(zhi)間(jian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)340還(huan)可(ke)以被稱為(wei)中間(jian)部件(jian)，其防(fang)止(zhi)或(huo)抑制貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304與pcba308之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)直接(jie)物理接(jie)觸。由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)的(de)厚(hou)度(例(li)如(ru)，1mm等)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)340使貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304升高，使得貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304的(de)下表面(mian)(mian)與pcba308的(de)上(shang)表面(mian)(mian)隔(ge)開。電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)340在(zai)貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304與pcba308之(zhi)間(jian)產生氣(qi)隙(例(li)如(ru)，1mm氣(qi)隙等)，該氣(qi)隙在(zai)需要的(de)情況下改變(bian)貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304的(de)輻射模式(或(huo)指向性(xing))以指向高的(de)仰角。因(yin)此(ci)，貼(tie)片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)304不(例(li)如(ru)，直接(jie)等)設(she)置在(zai)pcba308上(shang)。

電介質間(jian)隔件(jian)340可以具有等于(yu)(yu)、大于(yu)(yu)或(huo)小于(yu)(yu)貼(tie)(tie)片天線(xian)(xian)304的(de)對應尺(chi)寸的(de)長(chang)度(du)和/或(huo)寬(kuan)度(du)尺(chi)寸。例如，電介質間(jian)隔件(jian)340可以包括具有等于(yu)(yu)貼(tie)(tie)片天線(xian)(xian)304的(de)長(chang)度(du)和寬(kuan)度(du)的(de)外徑的(de)塑料圓形墊(dian)圈。

貼(tie)片天(tian)線304可以(yi)(yi)經由連接(jie)件(jian)電(dian)連接(jie)或耦(ou)接(jie)到pcba308。連接(jie)件(jian)可以(yi)(yi)包括未絕緣引腳或絕緣引腳(例如，周圍具(ju)有(you)emi屏蔽件(jian)的金(jin)屬導體等(deng))。引腳可以(yi)(yi)為半剛性引腳，并且從(cong)貼(tie)片天(tian)線304穿過電(dian)介質間隔件(jian)340中的開口344延伸到pcba308。

天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)300可以(yi)(yi)(yi)安裝(zhuang)在車(che)輛內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)或(huo)外(wai)部(bu)。例如，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)300可以(yi)(yi)(yi)安裝(zhuang)在外(wai)部(bu)車(che)輛表面(諸(zhu)如車(che)輛的(de)(de)車(che)頂(ding)、行李(li)箱或(huo)發動機蓋(gai))上，以(yi)(yi)(yi)幫(bang)助確保天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)在頭頂(ding)上或(huo)朝(chao)向(xiang)天(tian)(tian)頂(ding)具有(you)(you)暢(chang)通無阻的(de)(de)視野。作為另一個示例，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)300可以(yi)(yi)(yi)安裝(zhuang)在車(che)輛的(de)(de)儀(yi)(yi)表板內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)。有(you)(you)利地，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)300具有(you)(you)允許天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)300安裝(zhuang)在車(che)輛儀(yi)(yi)表板內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)、水平(ping)線(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上50度(du)的(de)(de)良(liang)好或(huo)足夠(gou)高增(zeng)益(yi)。水平(ping)線(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)50度(du)增(zeng)益(yi)對于ip安裝(zhuang)位置最重(zhong)要(yao)。

圖4例示了具體(ti)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)本公開(kai)的一(yi)個(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更多個(ge)方面(mian)的衛星(xing)導(dao)航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)模塊400的另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)示例性實(shi)施(shi)(shi)方式。如圖4所示，天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)400包括貼片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)404、pcba408以及emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)412。導(dao)電間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)電導(dao)體(ti)440和導(dao)電接(jie)地(di)面(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)432被定位(wei)在(zai)貼片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)404與(yu)pcba408之間。在(zai)一(yi)些實(shi)施(shi)(shi)方式中(zhong)，雙(shuang)面(mian)導(dao)電膠(jiao)帶(dai)和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)導(dao)電膠(jiao)可(ke)以用(yong)于導(dao)電間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)440與(yu)貼片天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)404和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)導(dao)電接(jie)地(di)面(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)432之間。雙(shuang)面(mian)導(dao)電膠(jiao)帶(dai)和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)導(dao)電膠(jiao)還可(ke)以或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)相反(fan)用(yong)于導(dao)電接(jie)地(di)面(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)432與(yu)pcba408之間。

在(zai)該示例(li)中(zhong)，貼(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)404是gps貼(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)。pcba408包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)電介(jie)質基(ji)板(ban)或板(ban)，該電介(jie)質基(ji)板(ban)或板(ban)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)fr4復合材料，該復合材料包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)具有耐火的(de)(de)環氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)粘結劑(ji)的(de)(de)編織玻(bo)璃(li)纖維織物。emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)412包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)壓(ya)印片(pian)狀(zhuang)金屬，該壓(ya)印片(pian)狀(zhuang)金屬包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)沿(yan)著側壁(bi)的(de)(de)彈性彈簧指(zhi)。另選實(shi)施方式可以包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)其他衛星(xing)導(dao)航和/或貼(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(例(li)如，glonass貼(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)等)、其他emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)和/或其他pcba。

天(tian)線(xian)組件400還(huan)包括(kuo)(kuo)連(lian)接(jie)件416，該(gai)連(lian)接(jie)件216用(yong)于將pcba408電連(lian)接(jie)至(zhi)通信鏈路，該(gai)通信鏈路轉而可(ke)以(yi)連(lian)接(jie)到(dao)車(che)輛乘(cheng)客艙內(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)電子裝置(zhi)(zhi)(例(li)如(ru)(ru)，內(nei)置(zhi)(zhi)式觸(chu)摸(mo)屏顯示器等)。天(tian)線(xian)組件400包括(kuo)(kuo)用(yong)于天(tian)線(xian)組件400的(de)(de)部(bu)件的(de)(de)殼(ke)體(ti)。殼(ke)體(ti)包括(kuo)(kuo)頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件420，該(gai)頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件120可(ke)以(yi)耦接(jie)到(dao)底(di)(di)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件424(例(li)如(ru)(ru)，連(lian)同(tong)底(di)(di)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件一起卡扣、閂鎖至(zhi)底(di)(di)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件等)。殼(ke)體(ti)可(ke)以(yi)由電介質材料(例(li)如(ru)(ru)，塑料等)形成。

彈性可壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(例如，硅膠等(deng))緩沖(chong)件(jian)(jian)428被定位在pcba408與(yu)頂殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)420之間(jian)(jian)。緩沖(chong)件(jian)(jian)428在頂和底殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)420、424耦(ou)接在一起時(shi)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)地總體上(shang)夾(jia)在pcba408與(yu)頂殼(ke)(ke)體構(gou)件(jian)(jian)420之間(jian)(jian)。緩沖(chong)件(jian)(jian)428的壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)生成總體上(shang)朝(chao)向emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)412推(tui)進(jin)pcba408的壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)力，該壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)力有助于pacba408與(yu)屏蔽件(jian)(jian)412的電接地。

廣泛(fan)范圍的(de)材料(liao)(liao)可以用(yong)于導(dao)(dao)電接地(di)面或反射(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)432和導(dao)(dao)電間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)440，諸如金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)合(he)金(jin)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)材料(liao)(liao)、導(dao)(dao)電復合(he)材料(liao)(liao)等。在該示例(li)(li)性(xing)實施方式中(zhong)，導(dao)(dao)電接地(di)面或反射(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)432是具(ju)有0.2毫(hao)米厚度的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)地(di)面(例(li)(li)如，片(pian)狀金(jin)屬(shu)(shu))。導(dao)(dao)電間(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)440是具(ju)有1mm厚度的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)圓形墊圈。

繼續參照圖4，貼片天線404設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440的(de)上(shang)表面(mian)(mian)或(huo)上(shang)側上(shang)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)432的(de)上(shang)表面(mian)(mian)或(huo)上(shang)側上(shang)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)432設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)pcba408的(de)上(shang)表面(mian)(mian)或(huo)上(shang)側上(shang)。因(yin)此，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)貼片天線404與導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)432之間(jian)(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)432設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440與pcba408之間(jian)(jian)(jian)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440和導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電反射(she)(she)件(jian)或(huo)接(jie)地面(mian)(mian)432都可(ke)以被稱為中間(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)件(jian)，其防止(zhi)或(huo)抑制貼片天線404與pcba408之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)直接(jie)物理(li)接(jie)觸。

由于(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(例如，1mm等(deng))，電(dian)介質間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440使(shi)貼片天線(xian)(xian)(xian)404升(sheng)高(gao)，使(shi)得貼片天線(xian)(xian)(xian)404的(de)(de)(de)下表(biao)面(mian)與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)432的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)表(biao)面(mian)隔(ge)開。導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)件(jian)440在貼片天線(xian)(xian)(xian)404與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)432之間(jian)(jian)產生氣隙(xi)(例如，1mm氣隙(xi)等(deng))，該氣隙(xi)在需要的(de)(de)(de)情況下改變貼片天線(xian)(xian)(xian)404的(de)(de)(de)輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)模式(或指向(xiang)性)以指向(xiang)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)仰角。在天線(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)400的(de)(de)(de)操作期間(jian)(jian)，在導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)432上(shang)(shang)感生出表(biao)面(mian)電(dian)流(liu)，并且(qie)該表(biao)面(mian)電(dian)流(liu)由導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)432再輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)，由此增強了輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)模式。導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)反射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)件(jian)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)面(mian)432還(huan)被稱為輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)器或輻(fu)(fu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)結構。

導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)440可(ke)以(yi)具(ju)有等于(yu)、大(da)于(yu)或小于(yu)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)404的(de)(de)(de)(de)對應尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長度和/或寬度尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)。例如，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)440可(ke)以(yi)包(bao)括具(ju)有等于(yu)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)404的(de)(de)(de)(de)長度和寬度的(de)(de)(de)(de)外徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)圓形墊圈(quan)。導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)地面(mian)432的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)面(mian)積或占(zhan)(zhan)位可(ke)以(yi)大(da)于(yu)、小于(yu)或等于(yu)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)天線(xian)(xian)404的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)面(mian)積或占(zhan)(zhan)位。在該示例中，導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)或接(jie)地面(mian)432具(ju)有大(da)約與pcba408相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)面(mian)積或占(zhan)(zhan)位，使得導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)接(jie)地面(mian)或反射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)432的(de)(de)(de)(de)添加不增大(da)天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)(jian)400的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體占(zhan)(zhan)位。

貼片天(tian)線404可(ke)以(yi)經(jing)由連接(jie)件電(dian)(dian)連接(jie)或(huo)耦接(jie)到pcba408。連接(jie)件可(ke)以(yi)包括未絕緣(yuan)引腳(jiao)或(huo)絕緣(yuan)引腳(jiao)(例如，周圍(wei)具有emi屏蔽件的金屬導(dao)(dao)體等)。引腳(jiao)可(ke)以(yi)為半剛性引腳(jiao)，并且(qie)從貼片天(tian)線440穿(chuan)過導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)間隔件440中(zhong)的開口(kou)444且(qie)穿(chuan)過導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)反射件或(huo)接(jie)地面432中(zhong)的開口(kou)436延伸到pcba408。

天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件400可以(yi)(yi)安(an)(an)裝在車(che)(che)輛內部或外(wai)部。例如(ru)，天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件400可以(yi)(yi)安(an)(an)裝在外(wai)部車(che)(che)輛表(biao)面(諸如(ru)車(che)(che)輛的車(che)(che)頂、行李箱或發動機蓋)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，以(yi)(yi)幫助確保(bao)天(tian)線(xian)(xian)在頭(tou)頂上(shang)(shang)(shang)或朝向天(tian)頂具有暢通無阻的視野。作為(wei)另一個示例，天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件400可以(yi)(yi)安(an)(an)裝在車(che)(che)輛的儀(yi)表(biao)板(ban)內部。有利(li)地，天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件400具有允許天(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件400安(an)(an)裝在車(che)(che)輛儀(yi)表(biao)板(ban)內部的、水平線(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)50度的良好或足夠高增(zeng)益(yi)。水平線(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的50度增(zeng)益(yi)對于ip安(an)(an)裝位置最重要。

圖5和圖6分(fen)別(bie)包括用(yong)于(yu)圖1至圖4中(zhong)所示的(de)gps天(tian)線組(zu)件(jian)100、200、300以(yi)(yi)及400的(de)、參照圓(yuan)極(ji)化的(de)、理論各向同性輻射(she)器的(de)天(tian)線增益(單位為(wei)分(fen)貝)(dbic)對頻率(單位為(wei)兆赫)的(de)線圖。通(tong)常，這些線圖示出了與圖1中(zhong)所示的(de)傳統gps天(tian)線組(zu)件(jian)100相比在(zai)可以(yi)(yi)由gps天(tian)線組(zu)件(jian)200、300、400實現的(de)天(tian)線增益方面的(de)更好(hao)性能(neng)。

更(geng)具(ju)(ju)體地，圖(tu)(tu)(tu)5包括(kuo)在從1550mhz至1600mhz頻(pin)率范(fan)圍(wei)內用于gps天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)200(圖(tu)(tu)(tu)2)的(de)物(wu)理原(yuan)型且(qie)用于gps天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)100(圖(tu)(tu)(tu)1)、300(圖(tu)(tu)(tu)3)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)400(圖(tu)(tu)(tu)4)的(de)計(ji)算機模擬模型的(de)、離水平線(xian)(xian)(瞄(miao)準(zhun)線(xian)(xian))90度的(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)益(單位為dbic)的(de)線(xian)(xian)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)。如(ru)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)5所示，gps天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)200、300、400中(zhong)的(de)每一(yi)個對于從1550mhz至1575.5mhz的(de)頻(pin)率范(fan)圍(wei)具(ju)(ju)有(you)比(bi)傳統gps天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)100更(geng)高的(de)瞄(miao)準(zhun)線(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)益。還由圖(tu)(tu)(tu)5示出的(de)，gps天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)200、300以(yi)及(ji)(ji)400分別具(ju)(ju)有(you)3.8dbic、3.77dbic以(yi)及(ji)(ji)3.91dbic的(de)最(zui)大(da)瞄(miao)準(zhun)線(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)益。通(tong)過(guo)比(bi)較，傳統gps天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)100僅具(ju)(ju)有(you)2.88dbic的(de)最(zui)大(da)瞄(miao)準(zhun)線(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)益。附錄(lu)a是包括(kuo)用于產生(sheng)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)5中(zhong)所示的(de)線(xian)(xian)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)益(單位為dbic)和頻(pin)率(單位為mhz)的(de)表。

圖(tu)6包(bao)括(kuo)在從1550mhz至(zhi)1600mhz頻率(lv)范(fan)圍內用于(yu)gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)200(圖(tu)2)的(de)(de)物(wu)理原型(xing)且用于(yu)gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)100(圖(tu)1)、300(圖(tu)3)以(yi)及400(圖(tu)4)的(de)(de)計算機模(mo)擬模(mo)型(xing)的(de)(de)、離水(shui)平線(xian)(xian)(xian)79度(du)的(de)(de)天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)(單(dan)位為dbic)的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圖(tu)。如(ru)圖(tu)6所(suo)示，gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)200、300、400中的(de)(de)每一個對于(yu)從1550mhz至(zhi)1575mhz的(de)(de)頻率(lv)范(fan)圍具(ju)有(you)(you)比傳統gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)100更高(gao)的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)。還由(you)圖(tu)6示出(chu)的(de)(de)，gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)200、300以(yi)及400分別具(ju)有(you)(you)3.3dbic、3.32dbic以(yi)及3.37dbic的(de)(de)最大增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)。通過比較，傳統gps天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)100僅(jin)具(ju)有(you)(you)2.75dbic的(de)(de)最大增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)。附錄b是包(bao)括(kuo)用于(yu)產生圖(tu)6中所(suo)示的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圖(tu)的(de)(de)天(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)益(yi)(yi)(單(dan)位為dbic)和頻率(lv)(單(dan)位為mhz)的(de)(de)表。

圖(tu)5和(he)(he)(he)圖(tu)6及其內(nei)部(bu)所(suo)示(shi)的(de)(de)天(tian)線(xian)增益僅為(wei)了(le)例(li)示(shi)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)而提(ti)供，而不是為(wei)了(le)限制的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)而提(ti)供。天(tian)線(xian)組件的(de)(de)另(ling)(ling)選實(shi)(shi)施方式可以(yi)被與(yu)圖(tu)5和(he)(he)(he)圖(tu)6中所(suo)示(shi)不同(tong)地來配置且具有與(yu)圖(tu)5和(he)(he)(he)圖(tu)6中所(suo)示(shi)的(de)(de)不同(tong)的(de)(de)操(cao)作或性能參(can)數。例(li)如(ru)，天(tian)線(xian)組件的(de)(de)另(ling)(ling)選實(shi)(shi)施方式可以(yi)被構造(zao)成在與(yu)1227.6mhz和(he)(he)(he)1575.42mhz的(de)(de)gps載波(bo)頻(pin)率(lv)不同(tong)的(de)(de)頻(pin)率(lv)操(cao)作，諸如(ru)從1240mhz至(zhi)1260mhz和(he)(he)(he)1602.5625mhz至(zhi)1615.5mhz的(de)(de)glonass(全球(qiu)導航衛星(xing)系統)頻(pin)率(lv)、其他衛星(xing)頻(pin)率(lv)或頻(pin)帶等。

下面的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)提(ti)供(gong)了各(ge)種條件(jian)(包括(kuo)芝(zhi)加哥路線(xian)-城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)峽(xia)谷(gu)駕駛測試(表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)1至(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)6)、底特律路線(xian)-城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)峽(xia)谷(gu)駕駛測試(表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)7至(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)12)以及迪爾伯恩(en)路線(xian)-開放天(tian)空駕駛測試(表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)13至(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)18))下gps天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)200(圖2)的(de)(de)(de)物理原型與gps天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)100(圖1)的(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)機模(mo)擬模(mo)型的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)。在下面的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)1至(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)18中，pacc3d提(ti)供(gong)了gps裝置在gps解(jie)決方案中取(qu)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)米誤(wu)差量。所用sv提(ti)及用于gsp解(jie)決方案中的(de)(de)(de)衛星(xing)數。svc/n0提(ti)及單位(wei)為分(fen)貝-赫茲(dbhz)的(de)(de)(de)衛星(xing)接收載(zai)波與噪聲密度(du)比(bi)(bi)。pdop(位(wei)置精度(du)因子)是衛星(xing)幾何結構的(de)(de)(de)測量，其中，低pdop指示更高的(de)(de)(de)精度(du)概(gai)率。

如(ru)由(you)表(biao)1至(zhi)表(biao)18示(shi)出(chu)的(de)(de)，gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200具(ju)有(you)(you)比(bi)(bi)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)100更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)3d精(jing)度(du)和更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)載波與(yu)(yu)噪(zao)聲密(mi)度(du)比(bi)(bi)(c/n0)。這由(you)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200在所有(you)(you)9個測試中(zhong)(zhong)與(yu)(yu)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)100相比(bi)(bi)更(geng)低的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均pacc3d和更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均svc/n0來示(shi)出(chu)。gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200在所有(you)(you)六個城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)峽谷駕(jia)(jia)駛測試(表(biao)1至(zhi)表(biao)12)中(zhong)(zhong)還(huan)具(ju)有(you)(you)比(bi)(bi)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)100更(geng)低的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均pdop。在開放(fang)(fang)天(tian)(tian)空駕(jia)(jia)駛測試(表(biao)13至(zhi)表(biao)18)中(zhong)(zhong)，gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200具(ju)有(you)(you)比(bi)(bi)所有(you)(you)六個城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)峽谷駕(jia)(jia)駛測試(表(biao)1至(zhi)表(biao)12)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)100更(geng)少(shao)的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均pdop。在開放(fang)(fang)天(tian)(tian)空駕(jia)(jia)駛測試(表(biao)13至(zhi)表(biao)18)中(zhong)(zhong)，gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200具(ju)有(you)(you)1.8、2.6以及2.5的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均pdop，所有(you)(you)平(ping)(ping)均pdop非常低，并(bing)且指(zhi)示(shi)較高(gao)的(de)(de)精(jing)度(du)概率(lv)。憑借gps貼片天(tian)(tian)線(xian)204與(yu)(yu)pcba208之間的(de)(de)接地面或(huo)反(fan)射件(jian)232(例如(ru)，0.2毫米厚(hou)的(de)(de)導(dao)電金屬構件(jian)等)，gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200與(yu)(yu)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)100相比(bi)(bi)，在密(mi)集植物中(zhong)(zhong)和市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)心或(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)區中(zhong)(zhong)提供(gong)實(shi)質(zhi)系統(tong)性(xing)能改(gai)進(jin)。gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)200、300、400與(yu)(yu)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)100相比(bi)(bi)也可(ke)以提供(gong)密(mi)集植物中(zhong)(zhong)和市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)心或(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)區中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)實(shi)質(zhi)系統(tong)性(xing)能改(gai)進(jin)。

芝加哥路線-城市峽谷駕駛測試1

芝加哥路線-城市峽谷駕駛測試2

芝加哥路線-城市峽谷駕駛測試3

底特律路線-城市峽谷駕駛測試1

底特律路線-城市峽谷駕駛測試2

底特律路線-城市峽谷駕駛測試3

迪爾伯恩路線-開放天空駕駛測試1

迪爾伯恩路線-開放天空駕駛測試2

迪爾伯恩路線-開放天空駕駛測試3

圖7至圖10例示了具(ju)體實(shi)施本公開(kai)的一個或更(geng)多個方(fang)面的天(tian)(tian)線組件(jian)(jian)或模(mo)塊500的另一個示例性(xing)(xing)實(shi)施方(fang)式(shi)。在該(gai)示例性(xing)(xing)實(shi)施方(fang)式(shi)中，天(tian)(tian)線組件(jian)(jian)500在衛星導航頻率(例如(ru)，gps頻率、glonass頻率等)和一個或更(geng)多個其他(ta)頻率(例如(ru)，2.9ghz、5.9ghz的dsrc頻率)具(ju)有雙諧振和/或可在該(gai)頻率操作。例如(ru)，天(tian)(tian)線組件(jian)(jian)500可以包括雙gps-dsrc智能天(tian)(tian)線。

如(ru)圖7所示，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組件(jian)500包括貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)504、pcba508以及(ji)(ji)emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)512。輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)器、輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)結構或天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)532以及(ji)(ji)電(dian)介(jie)質540被(bei)定位在(zai)貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)504與pcba508之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。更具體地，貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)504被(bei)設置(zhi)在(zai)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)532的上(shang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)上(shang)或被(bei)設置(zhi)為抵靠(kao)該上(shang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)。電(dian)介(jie)質540設置(zhi)在(zai)pcba508的上(shang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)上(shang)。因(yin)此，輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)532設置(zhi)在(zai)貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)504與電(dian)介(jie)質540之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。電(dian)介(jie)質540設置(zhi)在(zai)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)532與pcba508之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)532和電(dian)介(jie)質540都可以被(bei)稱為中間(jian)(jian)部件(jian)，其防止或抑制貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)504與pcba508之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的直接物理(li)接觸。

廣泛范圍的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)可(ke)以(yi)用于(yu)輻(fu)射天(tian)線(xian)532，諸如金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)、金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)合金(jin)(jin)、金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)、導電(dian)復合材(cai)料(liao)(liao)等(deng)。在該示例性實(shi)施(shi)方式中(zhong)，輻(fu)射天(tian)線(xian)532是具(ju)有(you)0.2mm厚度(du)(du)的(de)(de)片(pian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)。片(pian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)包(bao)括狹縫(feng)548(例如，彼此相(xiang)對(dui)的(de)(de)直角狹縫(feng)、其(qi)他合適形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)等(deng))，該狹縫(feng)使(shi)得片(pian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)輻(fu)射，使(shi)得天(tian)線(xian)組件500具(ju)有(you)第二諧(xie)振(zhen)(例如，2.9ghz、5.9ghz的(de)(de)dsrc頻帶等(deng))。可(ke)以(yi)對(dui)于(yu)特定頻率的(de)(de)諧(xie)振(zhen)重(zhong)新配置或優(you)化(hua)狹縫(feng)548。例如，因為(wei)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)的(de)(de)狹縫(feng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)使(shi)得諧(xie)振(zhen)更低，所以(yi)在一些實(shi)施(shi)方式中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)狹縫(feng)548的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)。相(xiang)反(fan)，因為(wei)縮短的(de)(de)狹縫(feng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)使(shi)得諧(xie)振(zhen)更高(例如，將諧(xie)振(zhen)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)至5.9ghz等(deng))，所以(yi)在其(qi)他實(shi)施(shi)方式中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)縮短狹縫(feng)548的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)。

片(pian)(pian)(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬可以由電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)540來(lai)支撐(cheng)。如圖8所示，電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)540可以借助狹縫548來(lai)看到。廣泛(fan)范圍的(de)(de)材料可以用于電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)540。在該示例中，電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)540是(shi)具(ju)有(you)0.5mm厚度的(de)(de)雙面(mian)電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)帶。片(pian)(pian)(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬和(he)(he)雙面(mian)電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)帶可以具(ju)有(you)等于、大(da)(da)于或小(xiao)于pcba508的(de)(de)對(dui)應尺(chi)(chi)寸的(de)(de)長度和(he)(he)寬度尺(chi)(chi)寸。例如，片(pian)(pian)(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬和(he)(he)電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)雙面(mian)膠(jiao)帶可以具(ju)有(you)大(da)(da)約與pcba508相同或小(xiao)于pcba508的(de)(de)長度和(he)(he)/或寬度尺(chi)(chi)寸，使得片(pian)(pian)(pian)狀(zhuang)金(jin)屬和(he)(he)電介(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)雙面(mian)膠(jiao)帶的(de)(de)添加不增大(da)(da)天線組(zu)件500的(de)(de)整(zheng)體占位。

在該示(shi)例中(zhong)，貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)504是gps貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)。pcba508包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)電介(jie)質(zhi)基板(ban)或(huo)板(ban)，該電介(jie)質(zhi)基板(ban)或(huo)板(ban)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)fr4復(fu)合材料，該復(fu)合材料包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)具有(you)耐火的(de)(de)環氧樹(shu)脂粘結劑的(de)(de)編織玻璃纖維織物。具有(you)地面金屬化的(de)(de)電路可以設置在pcba508的(de)(de)頂(ding)部或(huo)上表(biao)面上。emi屏蔽件512包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)壓(ya)(ya)印(yin)片(pian)(pian)狀金屬，該壓(ya)(ya)印(yin)片(pian)(pian)狀金屬包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)沿著側壁的(de)(de)彈(dan)性彈(dan)簧指513。emi屏蔽件512還包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)延伸穿(chuan)過(guo)pcba508中(zhong)的(de)(de)導孔509、電介(jie)質(zhi)540中(zhong)的(de)(de)導孔541以及輻射(she)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)532中(zhong)的(de)(de)導孔533的(de)(de)突出部514。另(ling)選實施方式(shi)可以包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)其(qi)他衛星導航和(he)/或(huo)貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(例如，glonass貼(tie)片(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)等)、其(qi)他emi屏蔽件、其(qi)他輻射(she)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)和(he)/或(huo)其(qi)他pcba。

天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)500還包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)連接(jie)(jie)件(jian)516，該(gai)(gai)(gai)連接(jie)(jie)件(jian)516用(yong)于將pcba508電(dian)連接(jie)(jie)至通信(xin)(xin)鏈路，該(gai)(gai)(gai)通信(xin)(xin)鏈路轉而可(ke)以(yi)連接(jie)(jie)到(dao)車輛乘客艙內部(bu)的電(dian)子裝置(例(li)如，內置式觸摸屏顯示(shi)器等)。天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)500包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)用(yong)于天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)500的部(bu)件(jian)的殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)。殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)頂殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)520，該(gai)(gai)(gai)頂殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)120可(ke)以(yi)耦(ou)接(jie)(jie)到(dao)底(di)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)524(例(li)如，連同底(di)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)一起卡扣、閂鎖至底(di)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)等)。殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)可(ke)以(yi)由電(dian)介質(zhi)材(cai)料(liao)(例(li)如，塑料(liao)等)形(xing)成。如圖7和圖10所(suo)示(shi)，標簽(qian)552可(ke)以(yi)應用(yong)于上殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)520的外表面上，該(gai)(gai)(gai)標簽(qian)552可(ke)以(yi)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)有關和/或(huo)識別特(te)定天線(xian)(xian)組件(jian)500的信(xin)(xin)息。

彈性(xing)可壓(ya)縮(緩(huan)例如，硅膠(jiao)等)緩(huan)沖(chong)件528被定位在pcba508與頂(ding)(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件520之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。緩(huan)沖(chong)件528在頂(ding)(ding)和底(di)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件520、524耦接在一起時壓(ya)縮地(di)總體(ti)上夾在pcba508與頂(ding)(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件520之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。緩(huan)沖(chong)件528的壓(ya)縮生成總體(ti)上朝向emi屏(ping)(ping)蔽件512推進pcba508的壓(ya)縮力，該(gai)壓(ya)縮力有助于pacba508與屏(ping)(ping)蔽件512的電接地(di)。

貼片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)504可(ke)以經由(you)連接(jie)件電(dian)(dian)連接(jie)或耦接(jie)到pcba508，該連接(jie)件在該示例中(zhong)為引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)556(圖(tu)(tu)8至圖(tu)(tu)10)。引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)556可(ke)以為未絕緣(yuan)(yuan)或絕緣(yuan)(yuan)的(例如，周圍具(ju)有emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)件的金屬導體等)。引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)556可(ke)以為半(ban)剛性引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)。引(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)556從貼片(pian)天(tian)線(xian)504穿過(guo)輻射天(tian)線(xian)532中(zhong)的開口536、544、穿過(guo)電(dian)(dian)介質材料540中(zhong)的開口544并且(qie)延(yan)伸到pcba508。

天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500例(li)如可(ke)(ke)以通(tong)過使用電介質雙(shuang)面膠帶560安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)車輛內(nei)部(bu)(bu)或(huo)(huo)外部(bu)(bu)。例(li)如，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500可(ke)(ke)以安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)外部(bu)(bu)車輛表(biao)面(諸(zhu)如車輛的(de)車頂、行李箱或(huo)(huo)發動機蓋(gai))上(shang)，以幫助(zhu)確保天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)頭頂上(shang)或(huo)(huo)朝向天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)頂具(ju)有暢(chang)通(tong)無阻的(de)視野。作為(wei)另(ling)一個示例(li)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500可(ke)(ke)以安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)車輛的(de)儀表(biao)板內(nei)部(bu)(bu)。有利地，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500具(ju)有允許天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)車輛儀表(biao)板內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)、水(shui)平線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以上(shang)50度的(de)良好或(huo)(huo)足夠高增益。水(shui)平線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以上(shang)的(de)50度增益對于ip安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)位置最重(zhong)要。

圖11示出(chu)了用于(yu)圖1中(zhong)所(suo)示的(de)(de)(de)傳統(tong)gps天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)100的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)線(xian)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。圖12示出(chu)了用于(yu)圖7至圖10中(zhong)所(suo)示的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)線(xian)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。圖11和圖12的(de)(de)(de)比較揭示傳統(tong)gps天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)100具有(you)在(zai)(zai)1.575吉赫茲(ghz)的(de)(de)(de)gps頻率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)單天(tian)線(xian)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，而(er)天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)500具有(you)在(zai)(zai)1.575ghz的(de)(de)(de)gps頻率(lv)(lv)和2.9ghz的(de)(de)(de)另一個頻率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)雙(shuang)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。圖12中(zhong)所(suo)示的(de)(de)(de)這些(xie)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)值(zhi)僅為了例(li)(li)示的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)而(er)提(ti)供，而(er)不(bu)是為了限(xian)制的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)而(er)提(ti)供。如上面注釋的(de)(de)(de)，可以(yi)對(dui)于(yu)特定頻率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)重新配置或(huo)優(you)化(hua)狹縫(feng)(feng)548。例(li)(li)如，在(zai)(zai)其(qi)他實施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)中(zhong)，可以(yi)縮短(duan)狹縫(feng)(feng)548的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度，以(yi)使(shi)得諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)比圖12中(zhong)所(suo)示的(de)(de)(de)2.9ghz更高(gao)。例(li)(li)如，狹縫(feng)(feng)548在(zai)(zai)尺(chi)寸上可以(yi)被定尺(chi)為使(shi)得天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)除了具有(you)衛星導(dao)航頻率(lv)(lv)(例(li)(li)如，1.575ghz的(de)(de)(de)gps頻率(lv)(lv)等(deng))下的(de)(de)(de)第(di)一諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)之外，還具有(you)5.9ghz的(de)(de)(de)dsrc頻率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)第(di)二(er)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。或(huo)者，例(li)(li)如，在(zai)(zai)其(qi)他實施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)中(zhong)可以(yi)增(zeng)大狹縫(feng)(feng)548的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度，使(shi)得天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)具有(you)低于(yu)2.9ghz的(de)(de)(de)第(di)二(er)諧(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。

圖13至(zhi)圖20例(li)示了具體(ti)實(shi)施本公開的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個或更(geng)多個方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或模塊600的(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)個示例(li)性(xing)實(shi)施方式(shi)。在(zai)(zai)該(gai)示例(li)性(xing)實(shi)施方式(shi)中(zhong)，天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)組(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)600包括貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)604(例(li)如，gps貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)、glonass貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)等)，該(gai)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)被(bei)(例(li)如直(zhi)接(jie)等)設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)多層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)632的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)表面上(shang)(shang)或被(bei)設置(zhi)為抵靠(kao)該(gai)上(shang)(shang)表面。在(zai)(zai)該(gai)示例(li)性(xing)實(shi)施方式(shi)中(zhong)，多層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)632是3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，該(gai)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)包括上(shang)(shang)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、pcb層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)以及下導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。gps貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)604設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)632的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)(shang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或電(dian)(dian)(dian)絕(jue)緣體(ti)640在(zai)(zai)pcba608與3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)632的(de)(de)(de)(de)下導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間。3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)632設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)604與電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)640之(zhi)間。3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)(jian)632和電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質間隔(ge)件(jian)(jian)(jian)640都可以被(bei)稱為中(zhong)間部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，其(qi)防止(zhi)或抑(yi)制(zhi)貼(tie)(tie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)604與第二pcba608之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)接(jie)物理(li)接(jie)觸(chu)。

pcba608不焊接(jie)、貼到、安(an)裝或(huo)附(fu)接(jie)到3層(ceng)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)632。3層(ceng)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)632經(jing)由emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)突(tu)出(chu)(chu)部614延(yan)(yan)伸穿(chuan)過(guo)的(de)、3層(ceng)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)導孔633且經(jing)由作為殼(ke)體(ti)和(he)(he)硅(gui)墊和(he)(he)/或(huo)緩沖件(jian)(jian)(jian)628的(de)結果(guo)而施加于疊(die)層(ceng)上的(de)壓力而固(gu)定。突(tu)出(chu)(chu)部614和(he)(he)導孔633隨著3層(ceng)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)632被(bei)焊接(jie)到emi屏蔽(bi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)突(tu)出(chu)(chu)部614而提供屏蔽(bi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)焊料連接(jie)。電介質間隔件(jian)(jian)(jian)640包括延(yan)(yan)伸穿(chuan)過(guo)3層(ceng)反(fan)射件(jian)(jian)(jian)632中的(de)導孔635的(de)桿或(huo)樁645。

廣泛范圍的(de)材(cai)料(liao)可(ke)以用于(yu)3層(ceng)反射件632的(de)上(shang)(shang)和(he)下(xia)導電層(ceng)，諸如金(jin)屬、金(jin)屬合金(jin)、金(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)、導電復合材(cai)料(liao)等。在該示(shi)例性實施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)中，3層(ceng)反射件632的(de)上(shang)(shang)和(he)下(xia)導電層(ceng)包(bao)括片狀金(jin)屬。

廣泛范圍(wei)的材(cai)料(liao)可以用于電(dian)介質間隔(ge)件640。在(zai)該示例(li)中(zhong)，電(dian)介質間隔(ge)件640包括(kuo)塑料(liao)。

貼片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天線(xian)604是gps貼片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天線(xian)。pcba608和(he)(he)3層(ceng)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)632的(de)pcb層(ceng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)電介質基板或板，該(gai)電介質基板或板包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)fr4復(fu)合材(cai)料(liao)，該(gai)復(fu)合材(cai)料(liao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)具有耐火(huo)的(de)環氧(yang)樹(shu)脂粘結(jie)劑(ji)的(de)編織玻璃纖維織物。具有地面(mian)金屬化的(de)電路(lu)可以(yi)設置(zhi)在pcba608的(de)頂部或上表面(mian)上。emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)(bi)件(jian)(jian)612包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)壓(ya)印片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)狀(zhuang)金屬，該(gai)壓(ya)印片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)狀(zhuang)金屬包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)沿著側壁的(de)彈性彈簧指(zhi)613。emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)(bi)件(jian)(jian)612還包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)延伸穿過pcba608中的(de)導(dao)孔(kong)609和(he)(he)3層(ceng)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)632中的(de)導(dao)孔(kong)633的(de)突出部614。另選實施方式可以(yi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)衛星導(dao)航和(he)(he)/或貼片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天線(xian)(例如，glonass貼片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)天線(xian)等(deng))、其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)emi屏(ping)蔽(bi)(bi)件(jian)(jian)、其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)反(fan)射(she)(she)件(jian)(jian)、其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)輻射(she)(she)天線(xian)和(he)(he)/或其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)pcba。

天線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)600還包括(kuo)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)件(jian)(jian)616，該(gai)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)件(jian)(jian)616用(yong)于將pcba608電(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)至通信(xin)(xin)鏈路(lu)，該(gai)通信(xin)(xin)鏈路(lu)轉而可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)到(dao)車(che)輛乘客艙內部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)子裝置(例(li)(li)如，內置式觸摸(mo)屏顯示器(qi)等)。天線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)600包括(kuo)用(yong)于天線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)600的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)包括(kuo)頂(ding)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)構件(jian)(jian)620，該(gai)頂(ding)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)構件(jian)(jian)620可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)耦(ou)接(jie)到(dao)底殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)構件(jian)(jian)624(例(li)(li)如，連(lian)(lian)同底殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)構件(jian)(jian)一(yi)起卡(ka)扣、閂鎖至底殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)構件(jian)(jian)等)。殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)由電(dian)介質材(cai)料(例(li)(li)如，塑料等)形成。標簽(qian)652可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)應用(yong)于殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)外表面上，該(gai)標簽(qian)652可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)包括(kuo)有(you)關和/或識別特定天線(xian)(xian)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)600的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)。

彈(dan)性(xing)可(ke)壓(ya)縮(緩(huan)(huan)(huan)例如，硅膠等(deng))緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖件(jian)(jian)(jian)628被(bei)定位在(zai)pcba608與(yu)頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)620之間。緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖件(jian)(jian)(jian)628在(zai)頂(ding)和底殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)620、624耦(ou)接(jie)在(zai)一起(qi)時壓(ya)縮地總(zong)體(ti)上(shang)夾在(zai)pcba608與(yu)頂(ding)殼(ke)體(ti)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)620之間。緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖件(jian)(jian)(jian)628的壓(ya)縮生成總(zong)體(ti)上(shang)朝向emi屏蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)612推進(jin)pcba608的壓(ya)縮力，該壓(ya)縮力有(you)助于pacba608與(yu)屏蔽件(jian)(jian)(jian)612的電接(jie)地。作為殼(ke)體(ti)和緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖件(jian)(jian)(jian)628的結果(guo)而施加于疊(die)層上(shang)的壓(ya)力可(ke)以幫助將部件(jian)(jian)(jian)保持在(zai)合適的位置(zhi)。

貼(tie)片天線604可(ke)(ke)以經由連(lian)接(jie)(jie)件電(dian)(dian)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)或(huo)耦接(jie)(jie)到pcba608，該連(lian)接(jie)(jie)件在該示(shi)例中為(wei)(wei)引腳(jiao)(jiao)656(圖14和圖15)。引腳(jiao)(jiao)656可(ke)(ke)以為(wei)(wei)未絕緣或(huo)絕緣的(de)(例如，周圍具有emi屏(ping)蔽件的(de)金屬導體等(deng))。引腳(jiao)(jiao)656可(ke)(ke)以為(wei)(wei)半(ban)剛(gang)性引腳(jiao)(jiao)。引腳(jiao)(jiao)656從貼(tie)片天線604穿過3層反(fan)射件632中的(de)開口636、穿過電(dian)(dian)介質材料(liao)640中的(de)開口644并且(qie)延(yan)伸到pcba608。

在另選實施方(fang)式中，來自貼片(pian)天線的(de)連接件(例(li)如(ru)，引(yin)腳等)可(ke)以不直接穿過3層反射(she)件的(de)pcb層。相反，連接件可(ke)以圍(wei)繞pcb層延伸(例(li)如(ru)，“轉向”至(zhi)(zhi)pcb層的(de)側部等)，然后一直下降至(zhi)(zhi)pcba。

圖21至圖31例(li)示了具體實(shi)(shi)施(shi)本公(gong)開的一(yi)個或(huo)更多個方(fang)面的天線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)700的另一(yi)個示例(li)性實(shi)(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式。天線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)700包括貼(tie)片天線(xian)704與pcba708之間的多層反射(she)(she)件(jian)732(例(li)如，3層反射(she)(she)件(jian)等)。天線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)700可以包括類似于天線(xian)組(zu)件(jian)600的對應(ying)部(bu)件(jian)的部(bu)件(jian)。

然而，在該(gai)示(shi)例(li)性實施方(fang)式中，天線組件(jian)700包括來自(zi)貼片(pian)天線704的(de)連接(jie)件(jian)或引(yin)腳(jiao)756，該(gai)連接(jie)件(jian)或引(yin)腳(jiao)不直接(jie)穿(chuan)過多層反(fan)射件(jian)732的(de)pcb層。相反(fan)，引(yin)腳(jiao)756可以如圖21所(suo)示(shi)的(de)圍繞pcb層延伸(例(li)如，“轉向(xiang)”到pcb層的(de)側部等)，然后下穿(chuan)至pcba708。

天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)600和(he)/或(huo)(huo)700例如(ru)可以(yi)(yi)通過使(shi)用電介質(zhi)雙面(mian)(mian)膠帶760安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)車(che)(che)輛內(nei)(nei)部(bu)或(huo)(huo)外(wai)部(bu)(圖21)。例如(ru)，天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)600和(he)/或(huo)(huo)700可以(yi)(yi)安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)外(wai)部(bu)車(che)(che)輛表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(諸如(ru)車(che)(che)輛的車(che)(che)頂、行李箱或(huo)(huo)發動(dong)機蓋)上(shang)，以(yi)(yi)幫助(zhu)確保天(tian)線(xian)在(zai)頭頂上(shang)或(huo)(huo)朝向(xiang)天(tian)頂具有(you)暢通無(wu)阻的視野。作(zuo)為另一個示(shi)例，天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)600和(he)/或(huo)(huo)700可以(yi)(yi)安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)車(che)(che)輛的儀表(biao)板內(nei)(nei)部(bu)。有(you)利地，天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)600和(he)/或(huo)(huo)700具有(you)允許(xu)天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)600安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)車(che)(che)輛儀表(biao)板內(nei)(nei)部(bu)的、水平線(xian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)50度的良好或(huo)(huo)足夠高增益。水平線(xian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)的50度增益對于ip安(an)裝(zhuang)位置最重要。

示(shi)例(li)(li)性實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)被提供為(wei)使得本(ben)(ben)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)將(jiang)徹底，并(bing)且(qie)將(jiang)向本(ben)(ben)領域技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)完全傳達(da)范圍(wei)(wei)。闡述(shu)大量具體(ti)細節，諸如具體(ti)部件、裝(zhuang)置以(yi)及方(fang)(fang)(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)示(shi)例(li)(li)，以(yi)提供本(ben)(ben)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)徹底理(li)解。將(jiang)對本(ben)(ben)領域技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)顯而易(yi)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)是，不(bu)需要采用具體(ti)細節，示(shi)例(li)(li)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)可以(yi)以(yi)許多不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)來具體(ti)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)，并(bing)且(qie)沒有內(nei)(nei)容應被解釋(shi)為(wei)限制本(ben)(ben)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)(wei)。在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些示(shi)例(li)(li)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)中(zhong)，未詳細描(miao)述(shu)公(gong)(gong)知處理(li)、公(gong)(gong)知裝(zhuang)置結構以(yi)及公(gong)(gong)知技術(shu)。另外，可以(yi)用本(ben)(ben)發明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)或(huo)更多個(ge)示(shi)例(li)(li)性實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)實(shi)(shi)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)和改進僅為(wei)了(le)例(li)(li)示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)而提供，并(bing)且(qie)不(bu)限制本(ben)(ben)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)(wei)(因為(wei)這里所公(gong)(gong)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)示(shi)例(li)(li)性實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)可以(yi)提供上述(shu)優點(dian)以(yi)及改進中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全部或(huo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)也不(bu)提供，并(bing)且(qie)仍然落在(zai)本(ben)(ben)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)(wei)內(nei)(nei))。

這里所(suo)(suo)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體尺(chi)寸、具體材(cai)料和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)具體形狀在本(ben)質上是示例(li)(li)(li)，并且不(bu)(bu)限(xian)制(zhi)本(ben)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。這里用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)給定參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特定值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和特定值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)不(bu)(bu)是可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)這里所(suo)(suo)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)示例(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)更多個(ge)(ge)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)窮盡。而(er)且，預想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)這里敘述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任意(yi)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)特定值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)限(xian)定可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)適于(yu)(yu)給定參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端點(即(ji)，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)給定參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和第(di)二(er)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)被(bei)解釋為(wei)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)對于(yu)(yu)給定參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)第(di)一和第(di)二(er)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任意(yi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))。例(li)(li)(li)如，如果(guo)這里將參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)x例(li)(li)(li)證為(wei)具有(you)(you)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)a且還(huan)被(bei)例(li)(li)(li)證為(wei)具有(you)(you)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)z，則(ze)預想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)x可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)具有(you)(you)從(cong)大(da)約a至(zhi)大(da)約z的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。類(lei)似地(di)，預想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)更多個(ge)(ge)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(不(bu)(bu)管這種范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是嵌套的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、交疊(die)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)還(huan)是不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)包(bao)含用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)使用(yong)(yong)所(suo)(suo)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端點夾持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)可(ke)(ke)能組合。例(li)(li)(li)如，如果(guo)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)x在這里被(bei)例(li)(li)(li)證為(wei)具有(you)(you)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1-10或(huo)(huo)(huo)2-9或(huo)(huo)(huo)3-8內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)還(huan)預想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)x可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)具有(you)(you)包(bao)括1-9、1-8、1-3、1-2、2-10、2-8、2-3、3-10以(yi)(yi)(yi)及3-9的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。

這里(li)所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)術語(yu)(yu)僅是(shi)為(wei)了(le)描(miao)述特定示(shi)例(li)實施(shi)方式的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)且不旨在(zai)限制。如這里(li)所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)，單數形式“一”可以(yi)旨在(zai)也(ye)包(bao)(bao)括復數形式，除非上下文另外清楚指(zhi)示(shi)。術語(yu)(yu)“包(bao)(bao)括”和(he)“具有”是(shi)包(bao)(bao)括的(de)(de)(de)，因此指(zhi)定所(suo)敘述特征(zheng)、整(zheng)數、步驟(zou)(zou)、操作、元(yuan)件(jian)和(he)/或部件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)，但不排除一個或更多(duo)個其他特征(zheng)、整(zheng)數、步驟(zou)(zou)、操作、元(yuan)件(jian)、部件(jian)和(he)/或其組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)或增加。這里(li)所(suo)述的(de)(de)(de)方法步驟(zou)(zou)、過(guo)程以(yi)及操作不被解釋為(wei)必須需(xu)要以(yi)所(suo)討(tao)論(lun)或例(li)示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)特定順序(xu)進行它們的(de)(de)(de)執行，除非特別識別為(wei)執行順序(xu)。還要理解，可以(yi)采用(yong)另外或另選的(de)(de)(de)步驟(zou)(zou)。

當元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)被稱(cheng)為在(zai)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)“上(shang)”、“嚙合(he)到(dao)(dao)”、“連接到(dao)(dao)”或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)“耦接到(dao)(dao)”另(ling)(ling)一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)時，元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)直接在(zai)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)、直接嚙合(he)、連接或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)耦接到(dao)(dao)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者介入元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)存(cun)在(zai)。相反，當元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)被稱(cheng)為“直接在(zai)”另(ling)(ling)一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)、“直接嚙合(he)到(dao)(dao)”、“直接連接到(dao)(dao)”或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)“直接耦接到(dao)(dao)”另(ling)(ling)一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)時，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)沒有介入元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)層(ceng)(ceng)存(cun)在(zai)。用(yong)(yong)于描述元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)關系(xi)的(de)其他(ta)詞應以(yi)(yi)同樣的(de)樣式來解(jie)釋(例如，“在(zai)……之間(jian)(jian)”對“直接在(zai)……之間(jian)(jian)”、“相鄰(lin)”對“直接相鄰(lin)”等)。如這里所用(yong)(yong)的(de)，術語(yu)“和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)”包括(kuo)關聯所列項中的(de)一(yi)個(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)更多(duo)個(ge)的(de)任意和全(quan)部(bu)組合(he)。

術(shu)語“大約(yue)(yue)”在應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)值時指(zhi)示(shi)計(ji)算或測(ce)量允許值些微不(bu)精(jing)確(在值上接(jie)近準確；近似或合理地(di)接(jie)近值；差不(bu)多(duo))。如(ru)果出(chu)于(yu)某(mou)一原因(yin)，由“大約(yue)(yue)”提供的(de)(de)不(bu)精(jing)確在領(ling)域(yu)中未另(ling)外以(yi)該普通意義理解，那么如(ru)這里所用(yong)的(de)(de)“大約(yue)(yue)”指(zhi)示(shi)可能由普通測(ce)量方(fang)法(fa)或使(shi)用(yong)這種(zhong)參數而引起的(de)(de)至少變化。例(li)如(ru)，術(shu)語“總體上”、“大約(yue)(yue)”以(yi)及“大致”在這里可以(yi)用(yong)于(yu)意指(zhi)在制造容差內(nei)。

雖然(ran)術(shu)語第(di)一(yi)、第(di)二(er)、第(di)三等在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)里可(ke)以用于(yu)描述(shu)各種(zhong)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)、區域(yu)、層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)/或(huo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分，但這(zhe)(zhe)些元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)、區域(yu)、層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)/或(huo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分不應受這(zhe)(zhe)些術(shu)語限制。這(zhe)(zhe)些術(shu)語僅(jin)可(ke)以用于(yu)區分一(yi)個(ge)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)、區域(yu)、層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或(huo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分與另一(yi)個(ge)區域(yu)、層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或(huo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分。諸(zhu)如“第(di)一(yi)”、“第(di)二(er)”以及(ji)其他數字術(shu)語的術(shu)語在(zai)用于(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)里時不暗示(shi)順序(xu)，除非上下(xia)文清楚指(zhi)示(shi)。由此(ci)，第(di)一(yi)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)、區域(yu)、層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或(huo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分可(ke)以在(zai)不偏離示(shi)例實施方式的示(shi)教的情況下(xia)被稱為第(di)二(er)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)、區域(yu)、層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或(huo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分。

空間上(shang)(shang)(shang)相對的(de)(de)(de)術(shu)語(yu)(諸(zhu)如(ru)“內”、“外(wai)”、“之下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)”、“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)”、“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)”、“上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)”、“上(shang)(shang)(shang)”等)在這里(li)為(wei)了描(miao)(miao)述(shu)方(fang)(fang)便(bian)可(ke)以(yi)用于如(ru)附圖(tu)(tu)例(li)示的(de)(de)(de)描(miao)(miao)述(shu)一個(ge)元(yuan)件或(huo)特(te)征(zheng)到另一個(ge)元(yuan)件或(huo)特(te)征(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)關系。空間上(shang)(shang)(shang)相對的(de)(de)(de)術(shu)語(yu)可(ke)以(yi)旨在除(chu)了包(bao)(bao)含(han)附圖(tu)(tu)中描(miao)(miao)繪的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)位之外(wai)還包(bao)(bao)含(han)使用或(huo)操作(zuo)中裝置的(de)(de)(de)不同方(fang)(fang)位。例(li)如(ru)，如(ru)果翻轉(zhuan)附圖(tu)(tu)中的(de)(de)(de)裝置，那么被(bei)描(miao)(miao)述(shu)為(wei)在其他(ta)(ta)元(yuan)件或(huo)特(te)征(zheng)“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)”或(huo)“之下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)”的(de)(de)(de)元(yuan)件將被(bei)定向為(wei)在其他(ta)(ta)元(yuan)件或(huo)特(te)征(zheng)“上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)”。由此，示例(li)術(shu)語(yu)“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)”可(ke)以(yi)包(bao)(bao)含(han)上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)和下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)方(fang)(fang)位這兩者。裝置可(ke)以(yi)以(yi)其他(ta)(ta)方(fang)(fang)式來定向(旋轉(zhuan)90度或(huo)處于其他(ta)(ta)方(fang)(fang)位)，并且因(yin)此解釋這里(li)所用的(de)(de)(de)空間上(shang)(shang)(shang)相對的(de)(de)(de)描(miao)(miao)述(shu)符。

已經(jing)為(wei)了例(li)示(shi)和描(miao)述的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)提(ti)供了實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)前面描(miao)述。不(bu)旨(zhi)在(zai)窮盡或(huo)(huo)限制本公開(kai)。特(te)定(ding)實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)獨立元件、預期或(huo)(huo)所敘述用途或(huo)(huo)特(te)征通(tong)常不(bu)限于該特(te)定(ding)實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式，反而在(zai)適當(dang)的(de)(de)情況下可互換，并且可以用于所選實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式(即(ji)使未具體(ti)示(shi)出(chu)或(huo)(huo)描(miao)述該實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)(fang)式)。同樣的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式還可以以許多(duo)方(fang)(fang)式來改變。這(zhe)種(zhong)變化不(bu)被認(ren)為(wei)是本公開(kai)的(de)(de)偏(pian)離，并且所有這(zhe)種(zhong)修改旨(zhi)在(zai)包括在(zai)本公開(kai)的(de)(de)范圍內。