本發(fa)明涉及(ji)(ji)材料(liao)力學試驗機領(ling)域，特別是指一種(zhong)多應(ying)變路徑試驗夾具(ju)(ju)及(ji)(ji)具(ju)(ju)有(you)該(gai)夾具(ju)(ju)的試驗系統。

背景技術：

材(cai)料試驗機本(ben)身(shen)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方向是從制(zhi)(zhi)樣檢測轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(即成品(pin)、半成品(pin))檢測的(de)(de)方向發(fa)展(zhan)，這就需要與之相適應的(de)(de)夾具(ju)從原來的(de)(de)用(yong)于標準(zhun)試樣試驗的(de)(de)夾具(ju)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向用(yong)于成品(pin)檢測的(de)(de)夾具(ju)發(fa)展(zhan)。傳統夾具(ju)本(ben)身(shen)僅作為一個緊(jin)鎖機構，在(zai)設計上只起到(dao)定位，夾緊(jin)，導向等作用(yong)，對(dui)于不同(tong)的(de)(de)試件以及(ji)不同(tong)實驗力大小的(de)(de)夾具(ju)在(zai)結(jie)構上有很大的(de)(de)不同(tong)，大都只有單一的(de)(de)加(jia)載路徑(jing)。

由于(yu)材料(liao)的(de)(de)各(ge)向異性(xing)(xing)，在(zai)進(jin)行材料(liao)拉伸試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，需(xu)要表(biao)征不同應(ying)變(bian)路(lu)徑(jing)下的(de)(de)材料(liao)力學性(xing)(xing)能。但是傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)夾具(ju)(ju)一(yi)般(ban)只(zhi)能采(cai)用(yong)單自由度施加載荷(he)，即在(zai)確(que)定夾具(ju)(ju)下，只(zhi)能沿(yan)某一(yi)特定方向施加載荷(he)，在(zai)拉伸試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，需(xu)要對不同的(de)(de)拉伸件進(jin)行不同的(de)(de)應(ying)變(bian)路(lu)徑(jing)測試(shi)(shi)，由于(yu)傳(chuan)統夾具(ju)(ju)本身(shen)的(de)(de)局(ju)限(xian)性(xing)(xing)，不能起到改變(bian)應(ying)變(bian)路(lu)徑(jing)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，使得在(zai)進(jin)行試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)產生了很多(duo)繁瑣而且不必(bi)要的(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)。

隨著夾(jia)具的創新與發展(zhan)，全自動(dong)夾(jia)具便(bian)應(ying)運而出，這一(yi)類夾(jia)具具有高度的自動(dong)化，從試(shi)樣尺寸測(ce)量到最后輸(shu)出測(ce)試(shi)結果能一(yi)次完(wan)成。但此類夾(jia)具相對于普(pu)通(tong)夾(jia)具成本較高，僅適用于大(da)(da)批量的同類試(shi)樣或成品的試(shi)驗(yan)或檢測(ce)，同樣想要更改應(ying)變路徑只能通(tong)過調(diao)整試(shi)件角度位置才(cai)能完(wan)成，需要耗費(fei)大(da)(da)量人力(li)才(cai)能完(wan)成大(da)(da)批量檢測(ce)，檢測(ce)效率低且靈活性差。

申(shen)(shen)請人在(zai)先(xian)的(de)(de)20號專利申(shen)(shen)請文件(jian)，公開了一(yi)種(zhong)新型蝴蝶翅膀力學分析(xi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)夾具(ju)(ju)及拉伸試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗系(xi)統，其提供了一(yi)種(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)更改(gai)應變(bian)(bian)路徑(jing)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗夾具(ju)(ju)，但該(gai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗夾具(ju)(ju)只能進行單次加載，當試(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)加載變(bian)(bian)形后(hou)，由(you)于試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗夾具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)局(ju)限性不(bu)能實現再次加載。

技術實現要素：

本發(fa)明提(ti)供一(yi)種(zhong)可(ke)多次(ci)更改應(ying)變路徑(jing)、多次(ci)加(jia)載，高效、準確地試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)或檢驗(yan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)件的(de)(de)多應(ying)變路徑(jing)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)夾具(ju)(ju)及具(ju)(ju)有該夾具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)系統。

為解決上述技術問題，本(ben)發明提供技術方案如(ru)下(xia)：

一方面，本發(fa)明提供一種多應變路徑試驗夾具，包括下模(mo)座和上(shang)模(mo)座，其(qi)中：

所(suo)(suo)述下(xia)模座上(shang)設(she)置(zhi)有(you)導柱(zhu)，所(suo)(suo)述上(shang)模座上(shang)設(she)置(zhi)有(you)用于連接所(suo)(suo)述導柱(zhu)的導套，所(suo)(suo)述下(xia)模座和(he)(he)上(shang)模座上(shang)分(fen)別設(she)置(zhi)有(you)左右位(wei)置(zhi)可調的下(xia)定(ding)位(wei)板(ban)(ban)和(he)(he)上(shang)定(ding)位(wei)板(ban)(ban)，試件用于固定(ding)在(zai)所(suo)(suo)述下(xia)定(ding)位(wei)板(ban)(ban)和(he)(he)上(shang)定(ding)位(wei)板(ban)(ban)之間；

所述下定位(wei)板和上(shang)(shang)定位(wei)板均(jun)為(wei)矩(ju)形(xing)，所述下定位(wei)板和上(shang)(shang)定位(wei)板上(shang)(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)設(she)置(zhi)有(you)(you)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)，所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)的(de)(de)內側朝向相對，所述下定位(wei)板上(shang)(shang)在(zai)所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)的(de)(de)圓(yuan)心(xin)處(chu)設(she)置(zhi)有(you)(you)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)通孔(kong)，所述下定位(wei)板上(shang)(shang)沿所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)的(de)(de)外側弧形(xing)邊設(she)置(zhi)有(you)(you)若干第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定位(wei)孔(kong)，所述上(shang)(shang)定位(wei)板上(shang)(shang)在(zai)所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)的(de)(de)圓(yuan)心(xin)處(chu)設(she)置(zhi)有(you)(you)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)通孔(kong)，所述上(shang)(shang)定位(wei)板上(shang)(shang)沿所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)四(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環透(tou)(tou)(tou)孔(kong)的(de)(de)外側弧形(xing)邊設(she)置(zhi)有(you)(you)若干第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)定位(wei)孔(kong)；

所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)試(shi)件的上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)兩側分別通過(guo)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位板(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)試(shi)件的上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)兩側分別設置(zhi)(zhi)有第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)第(di)(di)(di)二固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的中(zhong)間設置(zhi)(zhi)有與所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)合使用(yong)的第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)螺(luo)(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的兩端分別設置(zhi)(zhi)與所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位板(ban)(ban)(ban)的第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)通孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)合使用(yong)的第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位螺(luo)(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的中(zhong)間設置(zhi)(zhi)有與所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)(di)二固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)合使用(yong)的第(di)(di)(di)二螺(luo)(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的兩端分別設置(zhi)(zhi)與所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位板(ban)(ban)(ban)的第(di)(di)(di)二通孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)第(di)(di)(di)二定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)合使用(yong)的第(di)(di)(di)二定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位螺(luo)(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的長(chang)度均大于試(shi)件的長(chang)度。

進一步的(de)(de)，所述下(xia)模(mo)座(zuo)的(de)(de)上(shang)部(bu)和上(shang)模(mo)座(zuo)的(de)(de)下(xia)部(bu)分別設置有第(di)一導軌和第(di)二(er)導軌，所述下(xia)定位板(ban)(ban)和上(shang)定位板(ban)(ban)能夠分別沿(yan)所述第(di)一導軌和第(di)二(er)導軌左(zuo)右滑(hua)動。

進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)的，所(suo)述(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)導軌和第(di)(di)二導軌內(nei)分別設置有用于固定(ding)所(suo)述(shu)下(xia)定(ding)位板和上(shang)定(ding)位板位置的固定(ding)塊。

進一步的(de)，所述(shu)第(di)一四(si)分之(zhi)一圓環透(tou)孔(kong)的(de)外側弧形(xing)邊上相(xiang)(xiang)鄰的(de)兩(liang)(liang)個第(di)一定位(wei)(wei)孔(kong)之(zhi)間的(de)夾(jia)(jia)角(jiao)為15°，所述(shu)第(di)二(er)四(si)分之(zhi)一圓環透(tou)孔(kong)的(de)外側弧形(xing)邊上相(xiang)(xiang)鄰兩(liang)(liang)個第(di)二(er)定位(wei)(wei)孔(kong)之(zhi)間的(de)夾(jia)(jia)角(jiao)也為15°。

另一方面，本發(fa)明提供一種(zhong)試驗(yan)系(xi)統，包括拉(la)伸試驗(yan)機和上述多應(ying)變(bian)路徑試驗(yan)夾具。

工作時(shi)(shi)，試(shi)件(jian)與(yu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，位(wei)(wei)(wei)于下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)孔(kong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，根據加載(zai)角(jiao)度需要，位(wei)(wei)(wei)于下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，同(tong)理，位(wei)(wei)(wei)于上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)通(tong)孔(kong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，位(wei)(wei)(wei)于上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)第二(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，通(tong)過(guo)調(diao)整下(xia)(xia)模座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導柱和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)模座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導套(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)關系，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)調(diao)整下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)左右位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，將試(shi)件(jian)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)角(jiao)度夾(jia)緊；當加載(zai)過(guo)后需要更改角(jiao)度再次加載(zai)時(shi)(shi)，下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)另外的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)另外的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)調(diao)整下(xia)(xia)模座(zuo)(zuo)和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)模座(zuo)(zuo)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)關系以及下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)水平位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)關系，將試(shi)件(jian)再次夾(jia)緊。

本發明具有以下(xia)有益效(xiao)果：

與(yu)現有(you)技術相比，本發(fa)明的多(duo)(duo)應(ying)變(bian)路徑(jing)試驗(yan)夾具及具有(you)該(gai)夾具的拉(la)伸(shen)系統可(ke)以多(duo)(duo)次高效率、準確(que)地更(geng)改(gai)應(ying)變(bian)路徑(jing)，在加載之后還可(ke)以改(gai)變(bian)角(jiao)度進行多(duo)(duo)次加載，適合于實際試驗(yan)檢測過程，同時能夠(gou)節省成本，避免操作(zuo)過程中出(chu)現誤差(cha)。

附圖說明

圖(tu)1為本(ben)發明的(de)多應變路徑試(shi)驗夾具的(de)整體結(jie)構(gou)示意(yi)圖(tu)，圖(tu)中為試(shi)件30°時的(de)結(jie)構(gou)示意(yi)圖(tu)；

圖2為本發明的試件結(jie)構示(shi)意圖；

圖3為(wei)本發明的(de)多應變路(lu)徑試(shi)驗夾具的(de)下定位板(ban)(ban)和上定位板(ban)(ban)的(de)結構示(shi)意(yi)圖，其中：圖3(a)為(wei)下定位板(ban)(ban)的(de)結構示(shi)意(yi)圖，圖3(b)為(wei)上定位板(ban)(ban)的(de)結構示(shi)意(yi)圖；

圖4為(wei)本發(fa)明的多應變路徑試驗夾具的下定位(wei)墊板(ban)和上定位(wei)墊板(ban)的結構示意圖，其中：圖4(a)為(wei)下定位(wei)墊板(ban)的結構示意圖，圖4(b)為(wei)上定位(wei)墊板(ban)的結構示意圖；

圖(tu)5為(wei)圖(tu)2的a-a全剖視圖(tu)；

圖6為本發明的(de)(de)多(duo)應變路徑試驗夾具的(de)(de)下定位(wei)板(ban)、下定位(wei)墊板(ban)和試件的(de)(de)連接(jie)關系細節(jie)圖；

圖(tu)7為本(ben)發明的多應變(bian)路徑(jing)試驗夾具的俯視圖(tu)；

圖(tu)(tu)8為(wei)本發明的多應變(bian)路徑試(shi)驗(yan)夾具的整體結(jie)構(gou)示(shi)(shi)意圖(tu)(tu)，圖(tu)(tu)中(zhong)為(wei)試(shi)件(jian)60°時的結(jie)構(gou)示(shi)(shi)意圖(tu)(tu)；

圖(tu)(tu)9為(wei)本發明的多(duo)應變路(lu)徑試驗夾(jia)具的整(zheng)體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)示意圖(tu)(tu)，圖(tu)(tu)中為(wei)試件(jian)90°時的結(jie)構(gou)示意圖(tu)(tu)；

圖(tu)10為本發明(ming)的(de)(de)多(duo)應(ying)變(bian)路(lu)徑試驗夾具在已經加載后有變(bian)形的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下改變(bian)加載路(lu)徑的(de)(de)結構示意圖(tu)，圖(tu)中為試件(jian)30°時(shi)的(de)(de)結構示意圖(tu)；

圖(tu)11為本發明的(de)(de)多應變(bian)路(lu)徑(jing)試驗(yan)夾具在(zai)已(yi)經加(jia)載(zai)(zai)后有變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)改變(bian)加(jia)載(zai)(zai)路(lu)徑(jing)的(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)示意圖(tu)，圖(tu)中為試件(jian)60°時(shi)的(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)示意圖(tu)；

圖12為本發明的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)應變路(lu)徑試驗夾(jia)具在(zai)已(yi)經加(jia)載后有變形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)條件下改(gai)變加(jia)載路(lu)徑的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)示意(yi)圖，圖中為試件90°時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)示意(yi)圖。

具體實施方式

為使(shi)本發明要解決(jue)的(de)技(ji)術問題(ti)、技(ji)術方案和優點更加清楚(chu)，下面(mian)將結合附(fu)圖及具體(ti)實(shi)施(shi)例進(jin)行詳細描述。

一方面(mian)，本(ben)發明(ming)提供一種多應(ying)變路徑試驗(yan)夾具，如(ru)圖1至圖12所示，包括下模座(zuo)1和上模座(zuo)2，其中(zhong)：

下模(mo)座1上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)設(she)置(zhi)有導柱3，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)模(mo)座2上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)設(she)置(zhi)有用于連接導柱3的(de)導套4，下模(mo)座1和上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)模(mo)座2上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)別設(she)置(zhi)有左右位(wei)置(zhi)可調(diao)的(de)下定(ding)位(wei)板5和上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)位(wei)板6，試件(jian)用于固定(ding)在下定(ding)位(wei)板5和上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)位(wei)板6之(zhi)間；

如圖3所示，下(xia)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)5和(he)(he)(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)6均為矩形，下(xia)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)5和(he)(he)(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)6上(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)別設置(zhi)有(you)第(di)一(yi)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)5-1和(he)(he)(he)第(di)二(er)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)6-1，第(di)一(yi)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)5-1和(he)(he)(he)第(di)二(er)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)6-1的內側朝向相對(dui)，下(xia)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)5上(shang)(shang)(shang)在第(di)一(yi)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)5-1的圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)心處(chu)設置(zhi)有(you)第(di)一(yi)通孔(kong)(kong)(kong)5-2，下(xia)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)5上(shang)(shang)(shang)沿第(di)一(yi)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)5-1的外側弧形邊設置(zhi)有(you)若干第(di)一(yi)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)5-3，上(shang)(shang)(shang)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)6上(shang)(shang)(shang)在第(di)二(er)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)6-1的圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)心處(chu)設置(zhi)有(you)第(di)二(er)通孔(kong)(kong)(kong)6-2，上(shang)(shang)(shang)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)6上(shang)(shang)(shang)沿第(di)二(er)四(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)透(tou)(tou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)6-1的外側弧形邊設置(zhi)有(you)若干第(di)二(er)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)6-3；

試件的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)兩側分(fen)(fen)別通(tong)過下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)7和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)8固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)5和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)6上(shang)(shang)(shang)，試件的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)兩側分(fen)(fen)別設(she)(she)置有第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)9和(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)10，下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)7的(de)(de)中間設(she)(she)置有與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)9配(pei)(pei)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)螺(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)7-1，下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)7的(de)(de)兩端分(fen)(fen)別設(she)(she)置與(yu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)5的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)通(tong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)5-2和(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)5-3配(pei)(pei)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)7-2，上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)8的(de)(de)中間設(she)(she)置有與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)10配(pei)(pei)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)螺(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)8-1，上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)8的(de)(de)兩端分(fen)(fen)別設(she)(she)置與(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)6的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)通(tong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)6-2和(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)6-3配(pei)(pei)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)8-2，下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)7和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)8的(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)(du)均(jun)大于試件的(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)(du)，位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)兩端的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)之間的(de)(de)距(ju)離和(he)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)兩端的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)栓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)之間的(de)(de)距(ju)離均(jun)大于試件的(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)(du)，保證了安裝時試件不會遮擋下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。

與現有技術相(xiang)比，本發明的(de)多(duo)應(ying)變路徑(jing)試驗夾(jia)具(ju)及具(ju)有該(gai)夾(jia)具(ju)的(de)拉(la)伸系統可以多(duo)次(ci)高效率(lv)、準確地更(geng)改(gai)應(ying)變路徑(jing)，在加載之后還可以改(gai)變角度進行(xing)多(duo)次(ci)加載，適合于實際試驗檢測過(guo)程，同時能夠節省(sheng)成本，避免操(cao)作過(guo)程中出現誤差。

工作時，位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)通(tong)(tong)孔(kong)連(lian)接(jie)，根據(ju)加(jia)載角度(du)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)，位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)某一(yi)(yi)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)接(jie)，同理，位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)上(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)上(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)(er)通(tong)(tong)孔(kong)連(lian)接(jie)，位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)上(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)某一(yi)(yi)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)接(jie)，通(tong)(tong)過調(diao)(diao)整下(xia)(xia)模(mo)座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導柱和(he)上(shang)模(mo)座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導套的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置關系(xi)，同時調(diao)(diao)整下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)左右位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置，將(jiang)試件(jian)成一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)角度(du)夾緊(jin)；當加(jia)載過后需(xu)要(yao)(yao)更改角度(du)再(zai)次加(jia)載時，下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)另(ling)(ling)(ling)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)接(jie)，上(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墊(dian)板(ban)(ban)另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)孔(kong)與(yu)另(ling)(ling)(ling)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)連(lian)接(jie)，同時調(diao)(diao)整下(xia)(xia)模(mo)座(zuo)(zuo)和(he)上(shang)模(mo)座(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)間、下(xia)(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)和(he)上(shang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置關系(xi)，將(jiang)試件(jian)再(zai)次夾緊(jin)。

進一步的(de)，下(xia)模(mo)座(zuo)1的(de)上部(bu)和(he)(he)上模(mo)座(zuo)2的(de)下(xia)部(bu)分(fen)別(bie)優(you)選(xuan)設置(zhi)有第(di)(di)(di)一導軌11和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)導軌12，下(xia)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)板(ban)5和(he)(he)上定(ding)位(wei)(wei)板(ban)6能夠(gou)分(fen)別(bie)沿第(di)(di)(di)一導軌11和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)導軌12左右滑(hua)動(dong)；第(di)(di)(di)一導軌11和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)導軌12內分(fen)別(bie)優(you)選(xuan)設置(zhi)有用(yong)于固定(ding)下(xia)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)板(ban)5和(he)(he)上定(ding)位(wei)(wei)板(ban)6位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)固定(ding)塊(未示出)。第(di)(di)(di)一導軌和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)導軌也可以(yi)為電(dian)動(dong)導軌，均不影響本發明的(de)實施。

優選的(de)(de)，第一(yi)(yi)四分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環(huan)(huan)透孔(kong)5-1的(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)邊(bian)上相(xiang)鄰的(de)(de)兩個第一(yi)(yi)定位孔(kong)5-3之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)夾(jia)(jia)角(jiao)(jiao)可以為15°，第二(er)四分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環(huan)(huan)透孔(kong)6-1的(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)邊(bian)上相(xiang)鄰兩個第二(er)定位孔(kong)6-3之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)邊(bian)上的(de)(de)夾(jia)(jia)角(jiao)(jiao)也可以為15°。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說，對于材料的(de)(de)研究試驗需要測定應(ying)變角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)為30°、45°、60°和(he)90°等(deng)特殊角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)的(de)(de)應(ying)變狀(zhuang)態，這里相(xiang)鄰的(de)(de)兩個第一(yi)(yi)定位孔(kong)5-3之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)在第一(yi)(yi)四分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環(huan)(huan)透孔(kong)5-1的(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)邊(bian)上的(de)(de)夾(jia)(jia)角(jiao)(jiao)和(he)相(xiang)鄰兩個第二(er)定位孔(kong)6-3之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)分(fen)別(bie)在第二(er)四分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)圓(yuan)環(huan)(huan)透孔(kong)6-1的(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)(ce)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)邊(bian)上的(de)(de)夾(jia)(jia)角(jiao)(jiao)均為15°，使定位孔(kong)既不(bu)會(hui)過多，又可以滿足試驗要求。

另(ling)一方面，本(ben)發明(ming)還提供一種試驗系(xi)統，包括拉伸(shen)試驗機和上(shang)述的多應變路徑(jing)試驗夾(jia)具，由于結構與上(shang)相同，此處不(bu)再贅述。

綜(zong)上，本發明具有以下(xia)有益效果：

與(yu)現有技術(shu)相(xiang)比(bi)，本發明的(de)多應變路(lu)(lu)徑試(shi)(shi)驗夾具及具有該夾具的(de)拉伸系統可(ke)以多次高效率、準確地更(geng)改應變路(lu)(lu)徑，在加(jia)載(zai)之后還可(ke)以改變角度進行多次加(jia)載(zai)，適合于實際試(shi)(shi)驗檢測過(guo)程，同時能夠(gou)節省成本，避免(mian)操作過(guo)程中出現誤差(cha)。

以上(shang)所述(shu)是(shi)本(ben)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明的(de)優選實施(shi)方式，應(ying)(ying)當指出，對于本(ben)技(ji)術(shu)領域(yu)的(de)普通技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)員來說，在不脫離本(ben)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明所述(shu)原理的(de)前提下(xia)，還可以作出若(ruo)干改(gai)進和(he)潤(run)飾(shi)，這些改(gai)進和(he)潤(run)飾(shi)也應(ying)(ying)視為(wei)本(ben)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明的(de)保護范(fan)圍。