本發(fa)明(ming)涉及環境工程水(shui)處理的，更具體地，涉及一種生物床結合小(xiao)微(wei)濕地污(wu)水(shui)處理系統(tong)，以及一種應用了(le)該系統(tong)的生物床結合小(xiao)微(wei)濕地污(wu)水(shui)處理方(fang)法。

背景技術：

1、隨著森(sen)林保護地、旅游(you)地的建(jian)設(she)(she)和發(fa)展(zhan)，人類(lei)活(huo)動在森(sen)林中(zhong)(zhong)的活(huo)動逐年增加。公共廁所(suo)(suo)、游(you)客(ke)服務設(she)(she)施、管(guan)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)施等所(suo)(suo)產生(sheng)的生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不斷增加，污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分散(san)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)(shui)量不均衡，變化(hua)(hua)系(xi)數(shu)大，集中(zhong)(zhong)收集處(chu)理(li)(li)成本高、投資大、難度較(jiao)大，傳統的污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)方(fang)法和工(gong)藝也不是太適合(he)森(sen)林生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的處(chu)理(li)(li)，現在比(bi)較(jiao)采納較(jiao)多的是一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)埋(mai)地水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)備，該類(lei)設(she)(she)備安裝施工(gong)比(bi)較(jiao)麻煩，造價比(bi)較(jiao)高，設(she)(she)備故障維護檢修會比(bi)較(jiao)麻煩，能耗較(jiao)高。其次會采用(yong)一(yi)些簡單的處(chu)理(li)(li)方(fang)式如初級水(shui)(shui)(shui)塘存放(fang)自然降(jiang)解(jie)排放(fang)的方(fang)式，處(chu)理(li)(li)效(xiao)果難以保障。

2、人(ren)工(gong)濕(shi)地污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)技(ji)術是(shi)(shi)20世紀70年(nian)代(dai)末(mo)發展起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)藝(yi)，是(shi)(shi)模擬天然濕(shi)地系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)和功能而建造的(de)(de)(de)(de)、可(ke)控制(zhi)運行的(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)地系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，用(yong)(yong)以對受污(wu)(wu)染水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)進行處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種工(gong)藝(yi)，由圍護結(jie)(jie)構(gou)、人(ren)工(gong)介質、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生植物等部分(fen)構(gou)成(cheng)。盡管人(ren)工(gong)濕(shi)地污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)技(ji)術已(yi)經(jing)比較成(cheng)熟，但是(shi)(shi)專為林(lin)地森林(lin)公園的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)工(gong)濕(shi)地污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)還處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)于初步階段。我國(guo)林(lin)地森林(lin)公園產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)以生活污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為主，但是(shi)(shi)由于其水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量不(bu)均衡，變化(hua)系(xi)數大的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，如(ru)果直(zhi)接套用(yong)(yong)常規的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)方式，最終的(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)效果和經(jing)濟效益都不(bu)理(li)想。現有技(ji)術中，為林(lin)地森林(lin)公園設計的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)沒有利(li)用(yong)(yong)山地勢能資(zi)源(yuan)，也沒有使用(yong)(yong)森林(lin)產(chan)出物作為可(ke)再生、可(ke)回(hui)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)材料，欠缺在污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)過程中對周邊(bian)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響的(de)(de)(de)(de)考慮。

技術實現思路

1、本發(fa)明(ming)目的在于克服(fu)現有(you)的林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)公園內(nei)的污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理系(xi)統沒有(you)充(chong)分考慮可(ke)再生(sheng)材料的使用(yong)(yong)、以(yi)及沒有(you)充(chong)分考慮與景(jing)觀(guan)生(sheng)態(tai)效應匹配的缺陷(xian)，提供一種生(sheng)物(wu)床結合小微濕地(di)(di)(di)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理系(xi)統，利(li)用(yong)(yong)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)產物(wu)作為可(ke)再生(sheng)、易降解(jie)的污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理材料，實現水(shui)(shui)資源回收(shou)林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)灌溉，解(jie)決林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)公園的污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理以(yi)及回收(shou)利(li)用(yong)(yong)的問題(ti)，從而實現林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)的零排放，且能夠發(fa)揮良好景(jing)觀(guan)生(sheng)態(tai)效應。

2、為解決上述技(ji)(ji)術(shu)問題，本(ben)發明采用的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)方案(an)是：

3、一方面，本(ben)發明提(ti)供了一種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)床結(jie)合小微濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系統，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)溝(gou)(gou)，所(suo)述(shu)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)溝(gou)(gou)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)以生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜活性污(wu)(wu)泥為根本(ben)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)床，還引(yin)入植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)參與(yu)(yu)，利(li)用植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)參與(yu)(yu)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)過程，人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)至少包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)相連通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)一級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和二級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)，所(suo)述(shu)一級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和/或二級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)內(nei)(nei)設置(zhi)有(you)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)泵，并通(tong)(tong)過所(suo)述(shu)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)泵與(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)溝(gou)(gou)連接(jie)，所(suo)述(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)溝(gou)(gou)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)首尾連接(jie)形(xing)成回路，使污(wu)(wu)水(shui)/處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)水(shui)能(neng)夠(gou)在生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)溝(gou)(gou)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)之間循(xun)(xun)環(huan)流動，其(qi)中，二級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)內(nei)(nei)設有(you)灌(guan)溉泵，并通(tong)(tong)過灌(guan)溉泵連接(jie)有(you)水(shui)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)利(li)用裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，一級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)內(nei)(nei)還設置(zhi)有(you)污(wu)(wu)泥利(li)用裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，用于(yu)將一級(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)泥進行處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)、再利(li)用。

4、本(ben)發明(ming)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作流(liu)程如下：林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)森林(lin)公園的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)（主(zhu)要是公共廁(ce)所(suo)、游客服務(wu)設(she)施、管(guan)理設(she)施所(suo)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)）排出(chu)并經(jing)前處理后，依(yi)次(ci)流(liu)入一級人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、二級人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，并在(zai)循(xun)環(huan)泵的(de)(de)作用下在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)與人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)間循(xun)環(huan)流(liu)動。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)內部(bu)均種植(zhi)(zhi)有水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)，尤其(qi)是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)內，除(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)外，還在(zai)溝(gou)(gou)底部(bu)鋪設(she)填料。污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)與人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)內部(bu)循(xun)環(huan)流(liu)動時，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)增(zeng)加水(shui)(shui)(shui)體的(de)(de)含氧(yang)量(liang)，對污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)進行(xing)分(fen)解，進一步優化水(shui)(shui)(shui)質，使(shi)其(qi)達到林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質的(de)(de)標準。同時，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)內種植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)又(you)能夠為環(huan)境(jing)提供良好的(de)(de)景觀效應。水(shui)(shui)(shui)質提高(gao)后，人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)灌(guan)溉(gai)泵將水(shui)(shui)(shui)抽取至(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)循(xun)環(huan)利(li)用裝置(zhi)，可(ke)(ke)用于(yu)林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)灌(guan)溉(gai)。由(you)于(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，尤其(qi)是廁(ce)所(suo)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)肥沃(wo)林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)作用，用于(yu)林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)灌(guan)溉(gai)的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不需要進行(xing)除(chu)磷(lin)脫氮處理，達到相應水(shui)(shui)(shui)質標準后可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)接用于(yu)灌(guan)溉(gai)林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，其(qi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)非常好地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)促進林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)樹木(mu)、植(zhi)(zhi)被的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長。與此同時，水(shui)(shui)(shui)循(xun)環(huan)利(li)用裝置(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)用于(yu)廁(ce)所(suo)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)，使(shi)用后排放至(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)，繼續參與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態溝(gou)(gou)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)循(xun)環(huan)。污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)固體沉(chen)積物(wu)沉(chen)淀到污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥濃縮區內，并經(jing)由(you)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥泵抽出(chu)。污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥經(jing)過過濾、蒸發和腐熟處理后形成肥料，供林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)施肥利(li)用。

5、人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地包括(kuo)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地和(he)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地，一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地和(he)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地之間相互連通(tong)(tong)，當(dang)然(ran)，根據林(lin)(lin)地森(sen)林(lin)(lin)公園的規模(mo)以(yi)及實際(ji)的地理(li)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)，人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地的數量可以(yi)是兩個或(huo)者(zhe)多個。森(sen)林(lin)(lin)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)下的河流(liu)、沼澤、溪、泉、潭等天然(ran)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體以(yi)及坑塘、養殖(zhi)塘、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田、景觀(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)、預(yu)留的集雨坑等人(ren)工(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體，都(dou)可以(yi)建(jian)設(she)成一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)、二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)或(huo)者(zhe)更多級(ji)(ji)(ji)別的人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地。各級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地之間通(tong)(tong)過生態溝、河涌(yong)或(huo)者(zhe)地下暗(an)涌(yong)連通(tong)(tong)，以(yi)實現水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的循環(huan)(huan)流(liu)動。污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)經處(chu)理(li)后進(jin)入一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地進(jin)行進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步處(chu)理(li)，包括(kuo)去(qu)除污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中的雜質（污(wu)泥），然(ran)后再(zai)進(jin)入下一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地（二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)地）進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步優化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質，使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質滿足灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的標準，然(ran)后再(zai)將水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源用于灌溉和(he)廁所(suo)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，滿足水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源的循環(huan)(huan)使(shi)用。

6、進一步地(di)，所述生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)是(shi)一個凈(jing)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)次一級處(chu)理(li)系統。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)長(chang)可根(gen)據林(lin)地(di)森林(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際情況建設，其寬度(du)為(wei)0.5-1.2米，深(shen)度(du)為(wei)0.5-0.6米，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)底部(bu)鋪(pu)(pu)設有礫(li)石(shi)和(he)(he)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)。所鋪(pu)(pu)設的(de)(de)(de)礫(li)石(shi)和(he)(he)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)均來源于(yu)林(lin)地(di)森林(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)內部(bu)，避免引入外(wai)來物(wu)質影響公(gong)園(yuan)內部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)平衡(heng)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)內種(zhong)植水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)。污(wu)水(shui)流經生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)時，先由(you)礫(li)石(shi)和(he)(he)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)孔洞(dong)、以及附著在填(tian)料(liao)(liao)上的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)吸(xi)附，礫(li)石(shi)和(he)(he)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)又能夠形成生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)床對污(wu)水(shui)中的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染物(wu)進行(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)化學處(chu)理(li)，再(zai)通(tong)過(guo)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)根(gen)系吸(xi)取污(wu)水(shui)中氮、磷等營養物(wu)質。通(tong)過(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)理(li)和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)化學的(de)(de)(de)協同作(zuo)用，實(shi)現污(wu)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)質改(gai)善(shan)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)結合人工濕(shi)地(di)還(huan)能夠改(gai)善(shan)濕(shi)地(di)水(shui)體的(de)(de)(de)含氧量，增加水(shui)循環(huan)，進一步優化水(shui)質，達(da)到林(lin)地(di)灌溉水(shui)質標準的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。

7、進一(yi)步地，所述(shu)礫石(shi)(shi)包(bao)括火山(shan)石(shi)(shi)、鵝(e)卵石(shi)(shi)、粗砂、硅(gui)藻土其中的一(yi)種(zhong)或者(zhe)多種(zhong)；所述(shu)可再(zai)生填(tian)料包(bao)括枯枝、木片(pian)、樹皮、樹葉、竹(zhu)片(pian)、竹(zhu)環其中的一(yi)種(zhong)或者(zhe)多種(zhong)。礫石(shi)(shi)與可再(zai)生填(tian)料均來(lai)源于森(sen)林(lin)公園內部(bu)，故可以避免外來(lai)物種(zhong)對(dui)當地的環境造成影響。

8、進一步地，所述水循環利(li)用(yong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置包(bao)括林地灌溉裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置和(he)高(gao)位水箱，高(gao)位水箱連(lian)接(jie)(jie)有化糞(fen)池，化糞(fen)池與一級人工(gong)濕地或生態溝連(lian)接(jie)(jie)。

9、進一步(bu)地(di)，所述(shu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)利用(yong)(yong)裝置包(bao)括設(she)于一級人(ren)工濕地(di)內的(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)濃縮區(qu)(qu)以及(ji)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)泵(beng)(beng)，所述(shu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)濃縮區(qu)(qu)主要設(she)置在(zai)一級人(ren)工濕地(di)中(zhong)的(de)低洼區(qu)(qu)域，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)泵(beng)(beng)設(she)置于污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)濃縮區(qu)(qu)的(de)底部。在(zai)重力作用(yong)(yong)下，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水中(zhong)的(de)固態顆粒物(wu)沉(chen)降到(dao)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)濃縮區(qu)(qu)內，定期(qi)將(jiang)人(ren)工濕地(di)沉(chen)積(ji)的(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)通過(guo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)泵(beng)(beng)抽出(chu)，并將(jiang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)轉移到(dao)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)干化區(qu)(qu)。在(zai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)摻入(ru)不同比(bi)例的(de)土壤、森林枯落(luo)物(wu)、砂礫(li)等，并使污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)的(de)水分經過(guo)過(guo)濾和蒸(zheng)發，形成污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)餅。所述(shu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)餅混合組分通過(guo)堆肥腐(fu)熟激活原有(you)微生物(wu)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)餅經腐(fu)熟處(chu)理后作為(wei)林地(di)肥料。

10、進一(yi)(yi)步地，所述系(xi)統還(huan)包(bao)括生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)濾(lv)(lv)塔(ta)，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)濾(lv)(lv)塔(ta)是一(yi)(yi)種塔(ta)式(shi)構筑物(wu)，其可(ke)以利用(yong)水力轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)濾(lv)(lv)塔(ta)內(nei)設有水力驅動的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)填充有可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)填料(liao)(liao)。通過培養生(sheng)(sheng)長在填料(liao)(liao)上的(de)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)菌株形成生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)膜來凈化(hua)水中(zhong)的(de)污(wu)染物(wu)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動時，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)濾(lv)(lv)塔(ta)的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)中(zhong)的(de)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)填料(liao)(liao)增加微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)和(he)水、空氣(qi)的(de)接(jie)觸(chu)，有利于老化(hua)的(de)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)膜的(de)脫離和(he)更新(xin)。作為(wei)其中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)種優選方案，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)濾(lv)(lv)塔(ta)內(nei)部(bu)還(huan)設有自提(ti)水循環(huan)泵來實現水流(liu)在生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)濾(lv)(lv)塔(ta)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)多重循環(huan)，增加溶解氧的(de)含量，加強(qiang)污(wu)水處理效果。

11、進一(yi)步地(di)，還(huan)包括生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)，所述(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)是一(yi)種(zhong)好氧(yang)處理(li)廢水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)反應(ying)(ying)器，其(qi)設置(zhi)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)循環利(li)用裝置(zhi)與(yu)一(yi)級人工(gong)濕地(di)之間。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)內部(bu)設置(zhi)有(you)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)鼓(gu)，盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)鼓(gu)由水(shui)(shui)利(li)驅動(dong)轉(zhuan)動(dong)，其(qi)內部(bu)填(tian)充(chong)有(you)可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)填(tian)料。通常盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)鼓(gu)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)面垂直設置(zhi)，其(qi)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)軸高(gao)(gao)出水(shui)(shui)面，盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)鼓(gu)約30%-45%的(de)(de)體積(ji)浸在(zai)水(shui)(shui)中。污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)從水(shui)(shui)體的(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)流向另(ling)一(yi)端(duan)，期(qi)間經過生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)。污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)流動(dong)時，帶動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)以及盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)鼓(gu)轉(zhuan)動(dong)，盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)鼓(gu)內的(de)(de)填(tian)料交替地(di)與(yu)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)和空氣充(chong)分接觸。在(zai)填(tian)料浸沒在(zai)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)中時，其(qi)會吸(xi)附住污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)中的(de)(de)部(bu)分污(wu)(wu)染物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，然后(hou)離開污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)時又能夠發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)化反應(ying)(ying)，起(qi)到(dao)凈化污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)。可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)填(tian)料上(shang)的(de)(de)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)形(xing)成膜(mo)(mo)狀物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，并(bing)覆蓋(gai)住填(tian)料，隨著生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)動(dong)，所述(shu)膜(mo)(mo)狀物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)從填(tian)料表面上(shang)脫落。為提(ti)高(gao)(gao)處理(li)效(xiao)果(guo)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)內部(bu)還(huan)設有(you)內循環泵以加(jia)強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)中污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)接觸頻(pin)率和時長(chang)(chang)，有(you)利(li)于(yu)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)負荷率和出水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質。

12、進(jin)一步地，生態(tai)溝、生物(wu)濾(lv)塔以(yi)(yi)及(ji)生物(wu)轉盤之(zhi)間串聯連接(jie)(jie)或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)并(bing)聯連接(jie)(jie)，可以(yi)(yi)根(gen)據水質(zhi)、水量以(yi)(yi)及(ji)環(huan)境(jing)占地面(mian)積的(de)不同(tong)進(jin)行串聯或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)并(bing)聯設置(zhi)。并(bing)且，所述生物(wu)濾(lv)塔以(yi)(yi)及(ji)生物(wu)轉盤中的(de)至少一個設有用于(yu)動物(wu)飲水、取食(shi)的(de)構(gou)(gou)筑物(wu)。當(dang)然，所述用于(yu)動物(wu)飲水、取食(shi)的(de)構(gou)(gou)筑物(wu)也(ye)可以(yi)(yi)設置(zhi)在生態(tai)溝、一級(ji)人工濕(shi)地或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)二級(ji)人工濕(shi)地中。

13、進一步地(di)，還包括格(ge)柵(zha)(zha)池(chi)(chi)，所述(shu)格(ge)柵(zha)(zha)池(chi)(chi)與(yu)一級人工(gong)濕地(di)連接(jie)。所述(shu)格(ge)柵(zha)(zha)池(chi)(chi)用于(yu)污水(shui)(shui)的(de)前處理。所述(shu)格(ge)柵(zha)(zha)池(chi)(chi)依照地(di)勢建造在較高的(de)位(wei)置，其內部設置有(you)若(ruo)干用于(yu)去除固(gu)體懸(xuan)浮物、固(gu)體垃(la)圾的(de)網(wang)狀格(ge)柵(zha)(zha)，污水(shui)(shui)流過格(ge)柵(zha)(zha)池(chi)(chi)后其攜帶的(de)固(gu)體懸(xuan)浮物會被截留(liu)住(zhu)。

14、另一方面，本(ben)發明(ming)還提(ti)供了一種生(sheng)物床小微濕地污水處(chu)理方法(fa)，包(bao)括以下步驟：

15、步驟1、去除污水(shui)中(zhong)的固(gu)體懸浮物和部分有機污染物，并(bing)使污水(shui)依(yi)次流入一級(ji)人工濕(shi)地(di)、二(er)級(ji)人工濕(shi)地(di)；

16、步(bu)驟2、污水(shui)在(zai)循環泵的(de)作用(yong)下在(zai)生態溝和一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)人工濕地(di)或(huo)二級(ji)(ji)人工濕地(di)間循環流(liu)動(dong)，利用(yong)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)人工濕地(di)、二級(ji)(ji)人工濕地(di)、生態溝中任意一(yi)(yi)個或(huo)多個中的(de)植物吸收污水(shui)中的(de)營(ying)養物質(zhi)并參與(yu)污水(shui)處(chu)理(li)的(de)進(jin)程；

17、步驟(zou)3、二級人工濕(shi)地(di)(di)內(nei)的污水經灌溉泵抽取(qu)至水循環利(li)用裝置，用于林地(di)(di)灌溉和廁所(suo)用水，并排入生態溝和/或一級人工濕(shi)地(di)(di)中；

18、步驟4、一級人工濕地中的污泥(ni)沉積物通過所述污泥(ni)利用裝置用于林地施肥。

19、本發明(ming)的(de)(de)有益效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果是(shi)：利用(yong)(yong)山地(di)勢能資源、利用(yong)(yong)森林(lin)產(chan)出物作(zuo)為污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處理(li)(li)的(de)(de)材料，設計一(yi)種可因地(di)制宜、自由組合(he)的(de)(de)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處理(li)(li)系(xi)統，不但能夠(gou)保證水(shui)(shui)質凈化的(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，而且具有良(liang)好的(de)(de)生態(tai)景觀(guan)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果。此外，還結(jie)合(he)小微濕地(di)技術構建(jian)了一(yi)套水(shui)(shui)循環(huan)系(xi)統，回收林(lin)地(di)森林(lin)公(gong)園的(de)(de)生活污(wu)水(shui)(shui)進(jin)行(xing)處理(li)(li)后實現灌(guan)溉、重復使用(yong)(yong)，不僅能夠(gou)增強森林(lin)環(huan)境的(de)(de)保護(hu)能力(li)，而且建(jian)設、使用(yong)(yong)過程中環(huan)保節能、造價經濟，也可以構建(jian)景觀(guan)生態(tai)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果；所述(shu)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處理(li)(li)系(xi)統使用(yong)(yong)范圍廣，可以在我(wo)國絕大多數的(de)(de)林(lin)地(di)森林(lin)公(gong)園中應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。