本發明屬于振動(dong)傳感器(qi)(qi)領域,特別是柔性振動(dong)傳感器(qi)(qi)領域,尤其涉(she)及(ji)一種(zhong)考慮社(she)會車輛通行效益的公(gong)交(jiao)優(you)先信(xin)號控制分(fen)級(ji)算(suan)法。
背景技術:
1、德國(guo)的信號控(kong)制(zhi)規范(rilsa)中,專門論述了(le)在(zai)信號控(kong)制(zhi)中對于“公(gong)共(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)的特殊(shu)考慮”。其中明確指出“在(zai)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)信號控(kong)制(zhi)系統中須(xu)考慮公(gong)共(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)的特殊(shu)需求,因為它(ta)對城市(shi)的交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)運行具有基(ji)礎性(xing)的重(zhong)要(yao)作用(yong)”。其中定(ding)義的公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)優先策略(lve)包括:
2、基(ji)于時間段(duan)的定時信號方案選擇,可能與附加的結構設(she)施相結合(如:獨立軌(gui)道等);
3、適(shi)應公共交(jiao)通特殊需(xu)求的(de)信號(hao)方案選(xuan)擇(ze);
4、根據個(ge)別公共交通運行案例的特征,選擇(ze)微觀的控(kong)制策略來生成或(huo)選擇(ze)控(kong)制方案。
5、規(gui)范中還提(ti)到“根(gen)據當(dang)地的(de)交通特征,還可(ke)以采用(yong)車道信(xin)號進行控制”。
6、國外可(ke)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施公(gong)交優(you)(you)先的(de)(de)經典感應控制信號系統主要有(you)澳洲(zhou)的(de)(de)scats和英國的(de)(de)scoot系統、美國的(de)(de)nema系統以及日本的(de)(de)四(si)步控制方法。scats系統可(ke)以實(shi)(shi)(shi)現方案(an)級(ji)的(de)(de)公(gong)交優(you)(you)先控制,根據實(shi)(shi)(shi)測的(de)(de)飽和度值(zhi)對(dui)預先設定(ding)好的(de)(de)方案(an)進行(xing)選擇;scoot系統可(ke)以實(shi)(shi)(shi)現秒(miao)級(ji)的(de)(de)自(zi)適應公(gong)交優(you)(you)先控制,它的(de)(de)優(you)(you)化目標函數是(shi)區域綜(zong)合延誤最小/區域綜(zong)合服務水平最高,根據從控制中(zhong)心(xin)接受的(de)(de)指令以該目標為依據進行(xing)信號調(diao)整。
7、目前我國(guo)許多(duo)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)機廠商(shang)已經(jing)開始進(jin)行公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)算法研究,并已研發(fa)(fa)出具(ju)備一定公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)功(gong)能的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)機。海信(xin)(xin)網絡科(ke)技(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)基(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)美國(guo)雙環結構系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),開發(fa)(fa)了(le)可根(gen)據公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車輛滿載率和對社(she)會(hui)車輛造成的(de)(de)延(yan)誤增量判斷(duan)是否進(jin)行優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),該信(xin)(xin)號(hao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)沙落(luo)地(di);南京(jing)萊斯信(xin)(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)開發(fa)(fa)了(le)基(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)區域-干(gan)(gan)線(xian)-路口的(de)(de)三層交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模型(xing)(xing),通(tong)(tong)過延(yan)長(chang)綠燈、縮(suo)短紅(hong)燈的(de)(de)方(fang)法進(jin)行實(shi)時的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)調(diao)整(zheng),實(shi)現干(gan)(gan)道綠波協(xie)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)下的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)南京(jing)得到廣泛使(shi)用(yong);生茂光電(dian)科(ke)技(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)開發(fa)(fa)了(le)基(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)綠燈延(yan)長(chang)和紅(hong)燈早(zao)斷(duan)方(fang)法實(shi)施公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)2000-ii型(xing)(xing)集中協(xie)調(diao)式信(xin)(xin)號(hao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)機;西門(men)子中國(guo)有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)根(gen)據北京(jing)亦莊(zhuang)線(xian)路的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)特性,設計了(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),嘗試進(jin)行干(gan)(gan)線(xian)協(xie)調(diao)下的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian);航(hang)天大為公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)開發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)具(ju)備公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)機同樣是基(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)規則(ze)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)方(fang)法,其在(zai)(zai)(zai)蘇州落(luo)地(di)的(de)(de)有軌電(dian)車信(xin)(xin)號(hao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)通(tong)(tong)過綠燈延(yan)長(chang)和紅(hong)燈提前提供優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian);寶康電(dian)子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)基(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)scats系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)開發(fa)(fa)了(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)自(zi)適應(ying)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),曾在(zai)(zai)(zai)上海松江路使(shi)用(yong)。杰(jie)瑞曾在(zai)(zai)(zai)2012年(nian)連云(yun)港brt項(xiang)目中落(luo)地(di)基(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)rfid的(de)(de)簡(jian)單邏輯響應(ying)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模型(xing)(xing)。
8、一(yi)些廠商的(de)具備公(gong)交(jiao)優(you)先(xian)功能(neng)的(de)信號機已(yi)經開(kai)始逐漸市場化,但(dan)從實際應(ying)用效果上看并(bing)不(bu)(bu)理想,許多公(gong)交(jiao)優(you)先(xian)線路僅僅實現偽優(you)先(xian)或者說“暴(bao)力優(you)先(xian)”,甚至由于造成過大(da)的(de)負面交(jiao)通影響而停止使用,其主要存(cun)在的(de)問題為公(gong)交(jiao)優(you)先(xian)控(kong)制算法存(cun)在不(bu)(bu)足(zu)或缺陷。未(wei)能(neng)很好協調(diao)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)路況(kuang)下公(gong)交(jiao)車和(he)社會車輛信號(利益)分配(pei)。
9、具體來說(shuo),當前已落地的(de)信(xin)號優(you)先手段基(ji)本還是停(ting)留(liu)在(zai)基(ji)于(yu)綠燈(deng)延長和(he)紅燈(deng)早(zao)斷的(de)單(dan)點感應式控制方法,通過“暴力優(you)先”的(de)方式實現相(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)搶占,提高公(gong)交相(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)綠信(xin)比,這(zhe)種(zhong)規(gui)則式優(you)先策略易對社(she)(she)會(hui)車(che)輛的(de)運行產生較大干(gan)擾(rao),未能解決對非(fei)優(you)先相(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)進行補(bu)償和(he)各方利益平(ping)衡的(de)問(wen)題。這(zhe)樣會(hui)導致公(gong)交車(che)占用了(le)過多的(de)路口資源,影響了(le)社(she)(she)會(hui)車(che)輛的(de)正常通行權益。
技術實現思路
1、本發明的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)在于(yu)針對現(xian)有的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)信號優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)策略導(dao)致非優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)相位社(she)會(hui)車(che)輛延誤增加的(de)(de)(de)問題,提(ti)出(chu)一(yi)種(zhong)兼顧(gu)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛和(he)社(she)會(hui)車(che)輛通(tong)行效益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)信號優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)方法,通(tong)過將公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛的(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)請求重要度進行分級,考慮不同等級公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛信號優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)效益(yi)以及社(she)會(hui)車(che)輛通(tong)行權(quan)益(yi),提(ti)出(chu)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)信號優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)控制平衡算法模型,最終實現(xian)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛與(yu)社(she)會(hui)車(che)輛通(tong)行效益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)協調(diao)。
2、實現本發明目的(de)的(de)技(ji)術解決方(fang)案為:一種(zhong)考慮(lv)社會(hui)車輛通行效益的(de)公(gong)交優(you)先(xian)信號控制分級算法,所述算法包括以下步驟:
3、步驟1,根據(ju)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)線路(lu)(lu)所布設的線路(lu)(lu)等級(ji)以及公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)線路(lu)(lu)行駛的公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車輛(liang)類型,進行交(jiao)(jiao)叉口公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)線路(lu)(lu)靜(jing)態優(you)先級(ji)分(fen)級(ji),作(zuo)為公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車輛(liang)的靜(jing)態基礎屬(shu)性之一(yi);
4、步驟2,綜合考慮(lv)公交(jiao)(jiao)車輛的靜態(tai)(tai)基礎屬性(xing)(xing)、公交(jiao)(jiao)車輛動態(tai)(tai)運營數(shu)據、交(jiao)(jiao)叉口信號燈(deng)狀態(tai)(tai)屬性(xing)(xing),構建(jian)公交(jiao)(jiao)優先(xian)級指標體系與公交(jiao)(jiao)信號優先(xian)請求(qiu)量化計算模型;
5、步驟(zou)3,考慮交叉口社(she)會(hui)車輛(liang)運行(xing)效率,構建面(mian)向公交和社(she)會(hui)車輛(liang)通行(xing)效率提升的目標(biao)函數,進而構建基(ji)于(yu)粒子(zi)群算法的公交優先控制模型;
6、步(bu)驟(zou)4,接(jie)收實時公(gong)交(jiao)信號(hao)優(you)先(xian)(xian)動(dong)態請求(qiu)數據,判斷(duan)當前交(jiao)叉口(kou)等待(dai)優(you)先(xian)(xian)公(gong)交(jiao)數量是否(fou)大于預設閾(yu)值(zhi),若否(fou),則跳(tiao)轉(zhuan)至步(bu)驟(zou)5,否(fou)則利(li)用(yong)所(suo)述公(gong)交(jiao)信號(hao)優(you)先(xian)(xian)請求(qiu)量化(hua)計算模(mo)型(xing)求(qiu)取公(gong)交(jiao)優(you)先(xian)(xian)級并(bing)進行優(you)先(xian)(xian)級排序,之后跳(tiao)轉(zhuan)至步(bu)驟(zou)5;
7、步驟5,利用所述基于粒子群算法的公(gong)交優先(xian)控制模型進(jin)行公(gong)交優先(xian)協調控制。
8、進(jin)一(yi)步地,步驟1中:
9、公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛(liang)類(lei)型bty為公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛(liang)靜態(tai)指標(biao),同(tong)一輛(liang)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車(che)的靜態(tai)指標(biao)值固定(ding)不變;根(gen)據(ju)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車(che)輛(liang)類(lei)型標(biao)定(ding)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)車(che)型等(deng)級,級別越(yue)高則(ze)優(you)先級越(yue)高,其中額定(ding)載客量(liang)更高的公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)優(you)先級更高;
10、公(gong)交(jiao)線路(lu)(lu)等級(ji)bro為公(gong)交(jiao)車輛(liang)靜態(tai)(tai)指標,同一輛(liang)公(gong)交(jiao)車的靜態(tai)(tai)指標值固定不變;所述公(gong)交(jiao)線路(lu)(lu)等級(ji)指某線路(lu)(lu)公(gong)交(jiao)運(yun)行時通過的道路(lu)(lu)等級(ji),依次劃(hua)分為主路(lu)(lu)、次路(lu)(lu)、支路(lu)(lu)三(san)個等級(ji)。
11、進(jin)(jin)一步地,步驟(zou)2中(zhong)公(gong)交優先(xian)級(ji)指標(biao)(biao)體系包含兩個層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)級(ji);第(di)(di)(di)一層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)級(ji)為關鍵指標(biao)(biao)-----車頭時距(ju)偏移度,需滿足該指標(biao)(biao)約束才能進(jin)(jin)入第(di)(di)(di)二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)級(ji)的計算,否(fou)則(ze)直接將(jiang)該公(gong)交認定為“不允(yun)許優先(xian)”;第(di)(di)(di)二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)級(ji)為其(qi)他綜合指標(biao)(biao),包括靜(jing)態指標(biao)(biao)和(he)動態指標(biao)(biao),其(qi)中(zhong)靜(jing)態指標(biao)(biao)包括公(gong)交車輛類型(xing)和(he)公(gong)交線路等級(ji),動態指標(biao)(biao)為公(gong)交載客率。
12、進一步地,所述車(che)頭時距偏(pian)移度的(de)計(ji)算公式為:
13、δht=hta-hte
14、式中,δht為(wei)(wei)車(che)頭(tou)時(shi)距(ju)(ju)偏移度,hta為(wei)(wei)公交在干(gan)線上運行時(shi)與同(tong)線路(lu)前車(che)的實(shi)際車(che)頭(tou)時(shi)距(ju)(ju),hte為(wei)(wei)理(li)想車(che)頭(tou)時(shi)距(ju)(ju),指同(tong)一(yi)線路(lu)公交的發車(che)間隔;
15、所述需滿(man)足該指(zhi)標約束才能進入第(di)二層(ceng)級(ji)的(de)計算(suan),具體(ti)控制邊界mh記為(wei):
16、
17、當mh=1時(shi),公交(jiao)的優先請求通過一(yi)級(ji)指(zhi)標,允許進入二級(ji)指(zhi)標的篩選(xuan)流程;當mh=0時(shi),公交(jiao)的優先請求直接被拒絕。
18、進一步(bu)地,所述第二層(ceng)級(ji)的其他綜合指標對應的公交(jiao)優先(xian)級(ji)即最終公交(jiao)優先(xian)級(ji)bpr計算公式(shi)為:
19、bpr=a1*rbl+a2*bsp
20、式中,rbl為公交(jiao)載(zai)客率,bsp為靜態指標(biao)對(dui)應(ying)的公交(jiao)優先(xian)級(ji)即靜態公交(jiao)優先(xian)級(ji),a1、a2分別為rbl、bsp對(dui)應(ying)的權重系(xi)數。
21、進一步(bu)地(di),步(bu)驟(zou)2中所述公交信號優(you)先請求量化計(ji)算模型具(ju)體包括以下內容(rong):
22、(1)計算發(fa)出公交優先請求的公交的車頭時距偏移度δht;
23、(2)判斷(duan)車(che)頭(tou)時距偏移度是否滿(man)足δht>0,若是,則(ze)表(biao)明(ming)該公(gong)交晚點,允(yun)許執行公(gong)交優先控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),進(jin)入(3);若否,則(ze)表(biao)明(ming)該公(gong)交準點或早(zao)點,不允(yun)許執行公(gong)交優先控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),流程結束;
24、(3)獲(huo)取(qu)該公交的公交載客(ke)率rbl,若無法獲(huo)取(qu)則統一置(zhi)0;
25、(4)根據公交的(de)車輛(liang)類型和(he)公交線路等級判(pan)斷靜(jing)態公交優先級bsp;
26、(5)根據公交載(zai)客率rbl和靜態公交優(you)(you)先級bsp計算(suan)最終公交優(you)(you)先級bpr;
27、(6)將(5)中的最終公交優先(xian)級bpr與(yu)已(yi)經處于優先(xian)等待狀態的公交優先(xian)級進(jin)行匯總排序(xu)(xu),得到更新后的待優先(xian)公交優先(xian)級排序(xu)(xu)。
28、進一(yi)步地,步驟3中所述基于(yu)粒子群算法(fa)的(de)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)模型(xing),對(dui)每兩個(ge)相鄰交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)協調(diao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)方(fang)案(an),并在(zai)干線中依次遞推;當(dang)檢測到某(mou)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)即(ji)將到達(da)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)時(shi),該(gai)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)模型(xing)會同時(shi)生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)針對(dui)該(gai)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)在(zai)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)j和交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)j+1的(de)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)協調(diao)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)案(an);而當(dang)該(gai)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)即(ji)將到達(da)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)j+1時(shi),該(gai)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)模型(xing)會基于(yu)已生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)j+1公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)案(an),進一(yi)步生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)j+1和交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)(kou)j+2的(de)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)協調(diao)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)案(an);以此類推,即(ji)可完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)在(zai)干線中的(de)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)協調(diao)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
29、進一步地(di),步驟(zou)3中所述面向(xiang)公(gong)交和社(she)會車輛通行效率(lv)提(ti)升的目(mu)標函數,即(ji)基于粒子(zi)群算法的公(gong)交優先控制模型(xing)的目(mu)標函數為:
30、min:θptde+(1-θp)toc
31、式中,θp為(wei)權重系數(shu),tde為(wei)公交在相(xiang)(xiang)鄰兩(liang)(liang)個交叉(cha)口(kou)的信號控(kong)制延誤(wu)時(shi)間,toc為(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)鄰兩(liang)(liang)交叉(cha)口(kou)非協調(diao)相(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)綠(lv)燈(deng)擠(ji)占度;
32、其中:
33、tde=|ta1-te1|+|ta2-te2|
34、式中,ta1和(he)ta2分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)在交(jiao)(jiao)叉口(kou)j和(he)j+1的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際通過(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)刻(ke),te1和(he)te2分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)在交(jiao)(jiao)叉口(kou)j和(he)j+1的(de)(de)(de)理想通過(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)刻(ke),即公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)無需停車直接通過(guo)(guo)交(jiao)(jiao)叉口(kou)對應的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)刻(ke);
35、toc=|tc1-te1|+|tc2-te2|
36、式中,tc1和(he)(he)tc2分別為為交(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)j和(he)(he)j+1在公(gong)交(jiao)優先(xian)實施(shi)(shi)前的(de)非(fei)協(xie)調相位綠燈時間,te1和(he)(he)te2分別為為交(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)j和(he)(he)j+1在公(gong)交(jiao)優先(xian)實施(shi)(shi)后的(de)非(fei)協(xie)調相位綠燈時間。
37、進一步地(di),步驟3中所述(shu)基于粒(li)(li)子(zi)群(qun)(qun)算法(fa)(fa)(fa)的公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)優(you)先控(kong)制模(mo)型的邊界約束條件包(bao)(bao)括兩(liang)類:(i)前置(zhi)(zhi)約束條件:某(mou)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)發(fa)出優(you)先請(qing)求時(shi)(shi),交(jiao)(jiao)叉口需滿(man)足此類前置(zhi)(zhi)約束,該請(qing)求才能被(bei)響應并(bing)允許進入粒(li)(li)子(zi)群(qun)(qun)算法(fa)(fa)(fa)尋優(you);(ii)粒(li)(li)子(zi)位置(zhi)(zhi)約束條件:粒(li)(li)子(zi)群(qun)(qun)算法(fa)(fa)(fa)尋優(you)時(shi)(shi),需滿(man)足公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)優(you)先協(xie)調控(kong)制上層系統(tong)框架的約束,包(bao)(bao)括公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)相位最(zui)大綠(lv)燈(deng)提前時(shi)(shi)間(jian)、最(zui)大綠(lv)燈(deng)延長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)和綠(lv)波(bo)帶約束;
38、所述前置約束條件,包(bao)括:
39、(1)優(you)先請求(qiu)響應數約束:每個信號(hao)周期(qi)最多允許響應兩個公(gong)交優(you)先請求(qiu);
40、(2)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)(qi)時長約束:每兩(liang)個周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)(qi)長度不變,即第i周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)(qi)的起始時刻和第i+1周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)(qi)的終(zhong)止時刻固定不變;
41、(3)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)約束(shu):當(dang)前(qian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)未處于執(zhi)行(xing)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)中,或當(dang)前(qian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou)正在執(zhi)行(xing)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian),但(dan)該(gai)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)請求與正在執(zhi)行(xing)的(de)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)請求不沖突時(shi),才(cai)允許激活公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)響應(ying);所(suo)述(shu)執(zhi)行(xing)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)為正在響應(ying)某公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)請求且尚未結束(shu),公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)尚未通過交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)口(kou);
42、所述粒子位置約束條件,包括(kuo):
43、(1)綠波帶約束
44、設綠波(bo)帶起(qi)止時刻分別(bie)為ws和we,則有:
45、
46、式中,gs0和(he)ge0分別為(wei)協(xie)調相(xiang)位綠燈(deng)的原(yuan)起、止時(shi)(shi)刻(ke),δtc為(wei)綠燈(deng)起始時(shi)(shi)刻(ke)變化量(liang),δte為(wei)綠燈(deng)結(jie)束時(shi)(shi)刻(ke)變化量(liang);
47、(2)最(zui)大綠燈提前和延長時間約束
48、
49、式中(zhong)(zhong),cmax為公(gong)交(jiao)優先協(xie)調控制系統框架中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)(zui)大綠燈提前時間,emax為公(gong)交(jiao)優先協(xie)調控制系統框架中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)(zui)大綠燈延長時間;
50、(3)最大綠燈時(shi)間約束
51、δtc+·gc0+δte≤gmax
52、式中(zhong)(zhong),gmax為公交(jiao)優(you)先(xian)協調控制系統框(kuang)架中(zhong)(zhong)最大綠燈時間(jian),gc0為綠燈持續(xu)時間(jian)的(de)初始值。
53、進一(yi)步(bu)地(di),步(bu)驟5所(suo)述利(li)用所(suo)述基于粒子群算(suan)法的公交優先控制模型進行公交優先協(xie)調控制,具體包括:
54、步(bu)驟5-1,接收到公(gong)交(jiao)優先請求后,判(pan)斷當前交(jiao)叉口(kou)此時(shi)是(shi)否(fou)滿足(zu)所(suo)述優先請求響應數約(yue)束,若是(shi),則進入步(bu)驟5-2,否(fou)則拒絕公(gong)交(jiao)優先請求;
55、步(bu)驟5-2,判(pan)斷該交(jiao)(jiao)叉口此(ci)時(shi)是(shi)否(fou)滿足所述周(zhou)期時(shi)長約(yue)束(shu),若是(shi),則進(jin)入步(bu)驟5-3,否(fou)則拒(ju)絕公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)優先請求;
56、步驟(zou)5-3,判(pan)斷該交叉(cha)口此時是(shi)否滿(man)足所述優先狀態約(yue)束,若是(shi)則進入步驟(zou)5-4,否則拒(ju)絕(jue)公交優先請求(qiu);
57、步驟(zou)5-4,初始化粒子群體,包(bao)括隨機位置和速度;
58、步(bu)驟5-5,根據適應度函數即所述目標函數,計(ji)算相應的信號(hao)控制(zhi)延誤(wu)時間(jian)tde和相鄰兩交叉口非協調(diao)相位(wei)綠(lv)燈擠占度toc,評價每個粒子的適應度;
59、步驟5-6,針對每個(ge)粒子,比(bi)較其當前適(shi)應(ying)值(zhi)與其個(ge)體歷史最佳(jia)位置對應(ying)的適(shi)應(ying)值(zhi),將(jiang)適(shi)應(ying)值(zhi)更高的位置更新為(wei)個(ge)體最佳(jia)位置pbesti;
60、步驟5-7,針對(dui)(dui)每個(ge)粒子,比較其(qi)當前適(shi)應(ying)值與全局最(zui)佳(jia)位(wei)置(zhi)對(dui)(dui)應(ying)的(de)適(shi)應(ying)值,將適(shi)應(ying)值更(geng)高(gao)的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)更(geng)新(xin)為全局最(zui)佳(jia)位(wei)置(zhi)gbest;
61、步驟5-8,在速度(du)(du)和位置邊界約束條(tiao)件(jian)范圍內(nei),對每個粒子的速度(du)(du)與位置進化;
62、步驟(zou)5-9,如(ru)未滿足(zu)結束條(tiao)件,則返回步驟(zou)5-5,直至達到最大迭代次數或最佳(jia)適應度值增量小于(yu)預設(she)閾(yu)值;
63、步驟5-10,輸出公交相(xiang)位起止時(shi)間(jian)最優變(bian)化量(liang)(liang),根據實時(shi)社會車流量(liang)(liang)分(fen)配執行公交優先控制方案后(hou)的(de)非協(xie)調相(xiang)位綠燈時(shi)間(jian),各相(xiang)位綠燈時(shi)間(jian)應與車流量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)正比;
64、步(bu)驟5-11,輸(shu)出執(zhi)行公(gong)交(jiao)優先控制后的最終信號(hao)配時方(fang)案。
65、本發明與現有技(ji)術相比,其顯著優點為:
66、(1)針對多公交(jiao)優先(xian)(xian)請求競爭(zheng),建立二級指標體(ti)系,對公交(jiao)優先(xian)(xian)級進行確定(ding),以確定(ding)公交(jiao)優先(xian)(xian)控制融合策略(lve),為公交(jiao)信號優先(xian)(xian)控制鑒(jian)定(ding)基礎。
67、(2)針對(dui)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)和社(she)會車(che)(che)輛(liang)兩個優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)對(dui)象建(jian)立多目(mu)標(biao)(biao)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)函(han)數(shu),具體(ti)以公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)信號(hao)控制延誤時間最短為優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)目(mu)標(biao)(biao),以非協(xie)(xie)調相位綠燈擠占度最小為優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)目(mu)標(biao)(biao),對(dui)二(er)者優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)進行(xing)線(xian)性加權得到模(mo)型優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)函(han)數(shu),在不(bu)影響社(she)會車(che)(che)輛(liang)通行(xing)效(xiao)益的(de)(de)前提下,能有效(xiao)提升公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)乃至(zhi)交(jiao)叉口整體(ti)車(che)(che)輛(liang)在干線(xian)中的(de)(de)通行(xing)效(xiao)率,最終實現公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)車(che)(che)輛(liang)與社(she)會車(che)(che)輛(liang)通行(xing)效(xiao)益的(de)(de)有效(xiao)協(xie)(xie)調。
68、(3)利用粒(li)子(zi)群(qun)算法實現靈活的“可變時(shi)長(chang)的綠燈移動策(ce)略”公交(jiao)(jiao)優先(xian)控制策(ce)略,相鄰路口的公交(jiao)(jiao)相位綠燈起(qi)止時(shi)刻(ke)變化量可在約束空間(jian)內靈活調(diao)整(zheng),公交(jiao)(jiao)相位綠燈時(shi)間(jian)可以進行(xing)靈活的邊(bian)界調(diao)整(zheng)。
69、(4)公(gong)(gong)交發出優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)請求時,交叉(cha)口(kou)需滿足優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)請求響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)數(shu)約(yue)(yue)束、周(zhou)期時長約(yue)(yue)束、優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)狀態約(yue)(yue)束等前置約(yue)(yue)束條件,該(gai)請求才能被響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)并允許進入粒(li)子群算(suan)法(fa)尋(xun)優(you);之后(hou)在(zai)粒(li)子群算(suan)法(fa)尋(xun)優(you)時,需滿足公(gong)(gong)交優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)協調(diao)控制上層系統框架的(de)(de)(de)約(yue)(yue)束,包括公(gong)(gong)交相位最大(da)綠燈提(ti)前時間、最大(da)綠燈延長時間和(he)綠波帶約(yue)(yue)束,這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)方式可以保證公(gong)(gong)交優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)請求的(de)(de)(de)合理(li)性(xing)和(he)有效性(xing),避(bi)免不必要的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)突,提(ti)高(gao)優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)請求被正常響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)概(gai)率,同時使得最終的(de)(de)(de)尋(xun)優(you)結(jie)果更佳,進而提(ti)高(gao)優(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)控制有效性(xing)。
70、下(xia)面結合附(fu)圖(tu)對本發(fa)明作進(jin)一步(bu)詳細(xi)描述。