本發明涉及(ji)一種基于(yu)硬件在環的實時仿(fang)真平臺技術,特別是一種基于(yu)硬件在環的風電虛擬現實仿(fang)真系統(tong)。
背景技術:
風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)是(shi)自然場(chang)景(jing)(jing)的一(yi)道靚麗(li)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)線,是(shi)以(yi)(yi)遼闊的風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機為主體,對于(yu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機這(zhe)種大型復雜(za)產(chan)品,不可能(neng)(neng)通過(guo)預先生產(chan)一(yi)臺風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)機來實(shi)際測(ce)試其(qi)(qi)各(ge)方面性(xing)能(neng)(neng)。而且(qie),風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)地域(yu)遼闊,由于(yu)受時間、空間、人力(li)(li)、經濟、地域(yu)等因素的制約,很難(nan)將(jiang)實(shi)地風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)實(shi)際狀況(kuang)如風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機布(bu)局(ju)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)場(chang)運動(dong)狀況(kuang)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機各(ge)關(guan)鍵(jian)部件的運動(dong)以(yi)(yi)及其(qi)(qi)應(ying)力(li)(li)應(ying)變等情況(kuang)真(zhen)(zhen)實(shi)的的表現出來。因此,研(yan)究一(yi)種風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)虛擬現實(shi)實(shi)時仿真(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong),對科(ke)研(yan)和培訓具有重(zhong)要的意(yi)義。
實(shi)(shi)際(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統結構圖如圖1所(suo)示,包括風(feng)(feng)(feng)輪、齒輪箱、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機、變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)以及風(feng)(feng)(feng)機控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)。目前,對于(yu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)虛(xu)擬仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統的(de)研究,多集(ji)中在(zai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)輪建(jian)(jian)模、機組建(jian)(jian)模等,這種全(quan)數字(zi)仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統重點在(zai)體現風(feng)(feng)(feng)輪動態(tai)特性,無法(fa)對變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)施(shi)加控(kong)制策略,對于(yu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)機發(fa)電(dian)(dian)并網(wang)策略研究較少。由于(yu)是全(quan)數字(zi)仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen),沒(mei)有真(zhen)(zhen)實(shi)(shi)的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)設備(bei),不能達到培訓維護和檢修技能的(de)目的(de)。
技術實現要素:
本發明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)于(yu)(yu)提供一種基于(yu)(yu)硬件在(zai)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)電虛擬現實仿真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong),該系(xi)(xi)統(tong)將風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)三維仿真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)與真(zhen)實的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)動態模擬系(xi)(xi)統(tong)置于(yu)(yu)同(tong)一個(ge)仿真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong),各設備之間通過數據庫和plc有機(ji)(ji)連接、靈(ling)活配(pei)置、營造了逼真(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)環(huan)境,適用于(yu)(yu)風(feng)(feng)力發電動態特性的(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu),能夠(gou)為維護(hu)檢修人員進行(xing)全范圍、全過程(cheng)、全場景的(de)(de)(de)仿真(zhen)培訓。
一種基于硬件在環(huan)的風(feng)電(dian)虛擬現實仿(fang)真(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),包括(kuo)風(feng)機(ji)仿(fang)真(zhen)和(he)監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、plc控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)、風(feng)機(ji)動(dong)態(tai)模擬系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong);所述(shu)風(feng)機(ji)仿(fang)真(zhen)和(he)監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)包括(kuo)風(feng)機(ji)三(san)維仿(fang)真(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、數(shu)據庫(ku)(ku)、上位機(ji),以(yi)及連(lian)接它們的以(yi)太(tai)網總線(xian);所述(shu)風(feng)機(ji)動(dong)態(tai)模擬系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)包括(kuo)變(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)、機(ji)械(xie)飛(fei)輪、連(lian)接軸、發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)、整(zheng)流器(qi)(qi)、逆變(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)以(yi)及電(dian)網;所述(shu)plc控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)通過以(yi)太(tai)網總線(xian)分別與數(shu)據庫(ku)(ku)、上位機(ji)、變(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)、整(zheng)流器(qi)(qi)和(he)逆變(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)連(lian)接。
采用上(shang)述系統(tong),所述風(feng)機動態模擬系統(tong)通過電動機拖動發(fa)電機發(fa)電來(lai)模擬實際風(feng)機發(fa)電情況。
采用上述系(xi)統(tong),所述風機三維仿真系(xi)統(tong)通過以太網(wang)總線獲取發(fa)電機參數。
采(cai)用上述系統(tong),所述plc控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)接收(shou)上位機的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)命令,并通過(guo)以太網(wang)總線傳送給變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi),通過(guo)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)進行電動(dong)機轉速控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi);所述plc控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)通過(guo)以太網(wang)總線實(shi)時獲取變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)、整流器(qi)(qi)和逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)的數據。
采(cai)用上述(shu)(shu)(shu)系統,所述(shu)(shu)(shu)變頻器(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)連(lian)接;所述(shu)(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)械飛輪和發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)依次(ci)同軸相連(lian);所述(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)與(yu)整流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)連(lian)接;所述(shu)(shu)(shu)整流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和逆變器(qi)(qi)(qi)之間通(tong)過直流(liu)母線連(lian)接;所述(shu)(shu)(shu)逆變器(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)連(lian)接。
采用上述系(xi)統,所述上位(wei)機通過(guo)以太網(wang)總線監控(kong)風機三維仿(fang)真系(xi)統以及下達控(kong)制命令(ling)給plc控(kong)制器,所述上位(wei)機讀取plc控(kong)制器的(de)數據。
采用上(shang)述系(xi)統,所述數據(ju)庫(ku)通過以太網(wang)總(zong)線實時接(jie)收plc控制系(xi)統獲得的數據(ju),并通過以太網(wang)總(zong)線實時傳送給(gei)風機三維仿真系(xi)統。
本發(fa)明所述的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)基(ji)于硬件在環的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電虛(xu)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)現(xian)實仿真(zhen)(zhen)系統,風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)側采用(yong)(yong)數字化仿真(zhen)(zhen),利用(yong)(yong)3d虛(xu)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)技術實現(xian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)力發(fa)電機(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)輪、機(ji)(ji)艙等(deng)設備結構的(de)(de)(de)三維(wei)(wei)重現(xian),并且能(neng)夠逼真(zhen)(zhen)地模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)各天氣(qi)和風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)狀況,形象地反映風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)、異常(chang)、事故狀態(tai)及其動作過(guo)程,可(ke)以(yi)實現(xian)在場景(jing)中任意漫游(you),實現(xian)機(ji)(ji)艙內設備各種(zhong)操(cao)作,方便(bian)(bian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)檢修維(wei)(wei)護(hu)人員(yuan)進行相關培訓。仿真(zhen)(zhen)系統實時接收實際風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電動態(tai)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)系統的(de)(de)(de)參(can)數,如(ru)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)、轉速(su)、電壓等(deng),通過(guo)plc控制器可(ke)以(yi)對風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)動態(tai)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)系統下達不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)控制策略,模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)(ni)不同(tong)情況下風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)運行狀況,同(tong)時得(de)到各種(zhong)參(can)數曲線(xian),便(bian)(bian)于進行風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電方向的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學研究。
下面結(jie)合說明(ming)書附圖對本發明(ming)做進一步描述。
附圖說明
圖(tu)1是實際風力發(fa)電(dian)系統結構圖(tu)。
圖2是(shi)風(feng)電虛擬(ni)現實(shi)仿真系統結(jie)構圖。
圖(tu)3是基于硬件在環的(de)風(feng)電虛(xu)擬現(xian)實仿真系統設備接線圖(tu)。
具體實施方式
由圖2所示可(ke)知(zhi),一(yi)種基于硬件在環的(de)風(feng)電虛(xu)擬(ni)現實仿(fang)真系統,包括:風(feng)機仿(fang)真和監(jian)控系統、plc控制器以及風(feng)機動(dong)態(tai)模(mo)擬(ni)系統。
所述風機(ji)仿真和監控系(xi)統包括(kuo)風機(ji)三維仿真系(xi)統、數據(ju)庫、上位機(ji)以及連接它們的以太網(wang)總線;所述風機(ji)動(dong)態模擬系(xi)統包括(kuo)變頻器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)、機(ji)械飛輪、連接軸、發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、整流器(qi)、逆變器(qi)以及電(dian)(dian)網(wang)。
所(suo)(suo)述風機三維仿(fang)真系統、上位(wei)機和(he)數據(ju)庫之間通(tong)過以(yi)太網(wang)總線(xian)連(lian)接(jie);所(suo)(suo)述數據(ju)庫和(he)上位(wei)機與plc控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)通(tong)過以(yi)太網(wang)總線(xian)連(lian)接(jie);所(suo)(suo)述plc控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)通(tong)過以(yi)太網(wang)總線(xian)分別與變(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)、整(zheng)流器(qi)(qi)和(he)逆變(bian)器(qi)(qi)連(lian)接(jie)。
所述(shu)(shu)變(bian)頻器(qi)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)連接(jie),并且控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)轉速;所述(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、機(ji)(ji)械飛(fei)輪和發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)依次同軸相連;所述(shu)(shu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)與整流(liu)(liu)器(qi)連接(jie);所述(shu)(shu)整流(liu)(liu)器(qi)和逆變(bian)器(qi)之(zhi)間通過(guo)直流(liu)(liu)母線連接(jie);所述(shu)(shu)逆變(bian)器(qi)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網連接(jie);所述(shu)(shu)風機(ji)(ji)動(dong)態(tai)模擬(ni)系(xi)統(tong)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)拖動(dong)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來模擬(ni)實(shi)際(ji)風機(ji)(ji)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)情況;所述(shu)(shu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)發(fa)出的三相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)整流(liu)(liu)器(qi)整流(liu)(liu)再經(jing)(jing)過(guo)逆變(bian)器(qi)逆變(bian)后并上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網。
所述上位機通過以(yi)太網總線監控(kong)(kong)風機三維仿真系統以(yi)及(ji)下(xia)達控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)命令給plc控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi),同時能夠讀取(qu)plc控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)的數(shu)據。
所述(shu)plc控制(zhi)器(qi)接收上位機的控制(zhi)命令,并通過(guo)以太(tai)網總(zong)線傳(chuan)送給變頻(pin)器(qi),通過(guo)變頻(pin)器(qi)進行電動(dong)機轉(zhuan)速控制(zhi);所述(shu)plc控制(zhi)器(qi)通過(guo)以太(tai)網總(zong)線實(shi)時獲取變頻(pin)器(qi)、整流器(qi)和逆變器(qi)的數據,包括發(fa)電機轉(zhuan)速、電壓等參數。
所述數據庫通過以(yi)太(tai)網總線實時(shi)接收plc控制系(xi)(xi)統獲得的轉速、電(dian)壓等參數,并通過以(yi)太(tai)網總線實時(shi)傳送給風機(ji)三維(wei)仿(fang)真系(xi)(xi)統。
本發明的(de)(de)(de)具體工作(zuo)(zuo)過程為(wei):先在(zai)風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)三維(wei)仿(fang)真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)相關(guan)配(pei)置(zhi),包括場景(jing)設(she)(she)置(zhi)、風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)選(xuan)擇、風(feng)況設(she)(she)置(zhi)、通(tong)訊參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)設(she)(she)置(zhi)等;上位(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)讀取風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)三維(wei)仿(fang)真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)置(zhi)信息,選(xuan)擇電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)啟(qi)動參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu),并將啟(qi)動命(ming)令下達(da)給plc控制器(qi)(qi)(qi);plc控制器(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)過控制變頻器(qi)(qi)(qi)啟(qi)動電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)安全,電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)均為(wei)低速啟(qi)動;通(tong)過電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)拖(tuo)動發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發電(dian)來模擬實(shi)際風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發電(dian),同(tong)時plc控制器(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)過變流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、整流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和逆變器(qi)(qi)(qi)獲取電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轉速、電(dian)壓等數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju),并實(shi)時上傳給上位(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫;上位(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)上述參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu),可以(yi)通(tong)過改變風(feng)況或(huo)者下達(da)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)控制策略給plc控制器(qi)(qi)(qi),讓風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)運行(xing)在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)曲(qu)線上;數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫根(gen)據(ju)(ju)需求,將相關(guan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)傳送(song)給風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)三維(wei)仿(fang)真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong),在(zai)風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)三維(wei)仿(fang)真(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)可以(yi)觀察風(feng)輪及機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)艙內各個(ge)部(bu)件工作(zuo)(zuo)狀況和工作(zuo)(zuo)曲(qu)線,通(tong)過設(she)(she)置(zhi)故障場景(jing),可以(yi)進(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)修培訓;風(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)動態模擬系(xi)(xi)統(tong)運行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)存(cun)儲在(zai)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫中(zhong),研(yan)(yan)究人(ren)員隨時可以(yi)通(tong)過上位(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)將數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)調出來進(jin)行(xing)風(feng)電(dian)方面的(de)(de)(de)科學研(yan)(yan)究。
圖3是本發(fa)(fa)明的軟(ruan)硬件(jian)設備接線圖,本發(fa)(fa)明所述的風機三(san)維仿真系統的三(san)維建模工具是ug和(he)3dsmax,視景主(zhu)要開發(fa)(fa)平臺為cybermaker和(he)vr-platform。使(shi)用ug完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)風能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電機組各零部件(jian)的建模,3dsmax完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)虛擬場(chang)景的創建工作(zuo),cybermaker中完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)虛擬場(chang)景的漫游(you),然后在vr-platform中完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)動力學數據的可視化以及場(chang)景的交互驅動。
本(ben)發(fa)明所述的上位機(ji)采用labview圖形化編(bian)程軟件開發(fa),它與(yu)所述風機(ji)三維仿真系統通過以(yi)太網連接,接口為常(chang)見的rj45網口。
所(suo)述(shu)plc控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器采用倍福cx5020,plc控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器的(de)編程(cheng)軟件采用twincat;所(suo)述(shu)plc控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器與所(suo)述(shu)上位機(ji)之間采用ethernet通(tong)訊協(xie)議,所(suo)述(shu)上位機(ji)通(tong)過調(diao)用tcadsdll.dll動態鏈(lian)接庫控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)plc控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器。
所(suo)述變流(liu)器、整流(liu)器和逆變器均采(cai)用vaconnxpaircooled型號,與(yu)所(suo)述plc控制器之間采(cai)用ethercat通訊協(xie)議(yi)。
所述變流器通(tong)過電(dian)纜控制(zhi)電(dian)動機(ji)轉(zhuan)速,電(dian)動機(ji)為(wei)異步電(dian)機(ji),型號為(wei)ycp180m-4,額定功率為(wei)18.5kw。
所述機械飛輪轉動慣量為0.72kg·m2,機械飛輪(lun)的作用是(shi)增大(da)系統轉動慣量從而能夠真實地模擬大(da)功(gong)率風機運行狀況。
所述發電(dian)機為永磁同步(bu)發電(dian)機,型號為tyc160m-4,額定(ding)功率為15kw。
所(suo)述數(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫通過(guo)以(yi)太網(wang)與plc控制器連(lian)接,兩者之間(jian)通過(guo)twincatdatabase通訊服務交互數(shu)據(ju)(ju)。
所述數據庫采用(yong)sql/server數據庫,數據刷新周期為100ms。
所(suo)述(shu)風機三(san)維仿真系統通過微軟提(ti)供的(de)ado數(shu)據庫接口與所(suo)述(shu)數(shu)據庫傳(chuan)輸數(shu)據。