本實用新型涉及一種控制(zhi)系統,特別是一種智能搶答(da)器(qi)控制(zhi)系統。
背景技術:
隨著科(ke)學(xue)技術(shu)的不(bu)斷發(fa)展,促使(shi)(shi)人們學(xue)科(ke)學(xue)、學(xue)技術(shu)、學(xue)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的手(shou)段多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多樣。知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)作為一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)具已經(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應用非常廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)的設(she)備,在各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)、搶答(da)場(chang)合中(zhong),能(neng)(neng)迅(xun)速(su)、客觀地分(fen)辨出最先獲(huo)得(de)發(fa)言權的選(xuan)手(shou)。早期(qi)的知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)只是由幾個三極管、可(ke)控(kong)硅、發(fa)光管等組成(cheng)(cheng),能(neng)(neng)通過發(fa)光管的指示(shi)辨認(ren)出選(xuan)手(shou)號(hao)碼(ma)。現(xian)在大多數知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)均實用單片機和(he)數字(zi)集成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)路(lu),并增加了許(xu)多新功(gong)能(neng)(neng),如(ru)選(xuan)手(shou)號(hao)碼(ma)顯示(shi)、搶答(da)倒計時(shi)、顯示(shi)選(xuan)手(shou)比分(fen)等功(gong)能(neng)(neng)。知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品,已廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)應用于各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)智力(li)和(he)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)。但是,目前所使(shi)(shi)用的知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)有的電(dian)路(lu)比較復雜(za)不(bu)便于制(zhi)(zhi)作,實現(xian)起來很困難。如(ru)授權公(gong)告號(hao)為CN202838560U的專利,雖然(ran)公(gong)開了一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)16路(lu)無線智力(li)競(jing)(jing)賽(sai)(sai)搶答(da)器,但是其電(dian)路(lu)復雜(za)、工(gong)作性能(neng)(neng)不(bu)穩定、抗干(gan)擾能(neng)(neng)力(li)低、不(bu)易于推廣(guang)使(shi)(shi)用。
技術實現要素:
本實用(yong)新型要解決的技(ji)術問題(ti)是:提(ti)供(gong)一種電路簡單,工作性能(neng)可靠,抗干擾(rao)能(neng)力高的智能(neng)搶答器控制(zhi)系(xi)統。
解決上述技術問題的(de)(de)技術方案是:一(yi)種智能搶答(da)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器系統,包(bao)(bao)括主控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器、搶答(da)按鍵(jian)(jian)、顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏,所述的(de)(de)主控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器包(bao)(bao)括單(dan)片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)、搶答(da)按鍵(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)、顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)驅動電(dian)路(lu)、功(gong)(gong)放電(dian)路(lu);其(qi)中,搶答(da)按鍵(jian)(jian)與搶答(da)按鍵(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連接(jie),搶答(da)按鍵(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與單(dan)片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連接(jie),單(dan)片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)驅動電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連接(jie),顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)驅動電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏連接(jie);單(dan)片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)還與功(gong)(gong)放電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連接(jie),功(gong)(gong)放電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與報警揚聲器連接(jie)。
本實用(yong)新型(xing)的進一步技(ji)術(shu)方案是:所述的顯(xian)示(shi)屏包括比分顯(xian)示(shi)屏、用(yong)于顯(xian)示(shi)倒(dao)計時與(yu)(yu)選手號的主顯(xian)示(shi)屏,該比分顯(xian)示(shi)屏、主顯(xian)示(shi)屏的輸(shu)(shu)入端(duan)與(yu)(yu)所述的顯(xian)示(shi)驅(qu)動電路的輸(shu)(shu)出端(duan)連接。
本實用新型(xing)的再進一(yi)步(bu)技術方案是:所述的比分顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)采用3.2寸數碼管,主顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)采用4寸數碼管。
本實用(yong)新型的進(jin)一步技術方案是(shi):所(suo)述的主控制(zhi)器還連接有上位機,該上位機為計算機。
本(ben)實用新型的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)技術方(fang)案是(shi):所述(shu)的(de)(de)(de)主控制器還包括穩(wen)壓(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu),該穩(wen)壓(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)入端(duan)與電(dian)源連接,穩(wen)壓(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出端(duan)與單片機控制電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)連接。
本實用新型的(de)(de)再進一(yi)步技術方案是(shi):所述的(de)(de)主控制器(qi)還(huan)包(bao)括USB轉串口(kou)電(dian)路,USB轉串口(kou)電(dian)路的(de)(de)輸入輸出端分別與單(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)控制電(dian)路、上位機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)輸入輸出端連接。
本實用新型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)再進(jin)一步技術方案是:所述的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)片機(ji)(ji)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)包括(kuo)單(dan)(dan)片機(ji)(ji)及其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),所述的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)片機(ji)(ji)采用STC89C52單(dan)(dan)片機(ji)(ji),該STC89C52單(dan)(dan)片機(ji)(ji)包括(kuo)P0.0~P0.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)、P1.0~P1.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)、P2.0~P2.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)、P3.0~P3.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)、XLAL1接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)、XLAL2接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou),其(qi)中,P1.0~P1.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)與(yu)搶答按(an)鍵(jian)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出端(duan)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);P3.0接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)和P3.1接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)串(chuan)行數據的(de)(de)(de)(de)發送(song)和接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)收信號(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu);P0.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)與(yu)功放電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸入端(duan)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);P2.7接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)指示(shi)(shi)燈,P2.0~P2.3接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)通過顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)與(yu)主(zhu)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),P2.4~P2.6接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)通過顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)與(yu)比分(fen)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie);XLAL1接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)、XLAL2接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)別與(yu)晶振電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。
本實用新型(xing)的(de)進一步技術(shu)方案是:所(suo)述的(de)顯(xian)示驅(qu)動電路包(bao)括反向器(qi)及其電路;所(suo)述的(de)反向器(qi)的(de)芯(xin)片(pian)采用74LS04芯(xin)片(pian)。
本實用新型的進一步技術方案是:所述的搶答(da)按鍵控制(zhi)電路采用3.0音頻接(jie)口。
本(ben)實用(yong)新型的(de)(de)再進(jin)一(yi)步技術方案是(shi):所述的(de)(de)功放(fang)電路的(de)(de)芯(xin)片采用(yong)TDA2030芯(xin)片。
由于采用(yong)上述(shu)結構(gou),本實用(yong)新型之智能搶(qiang)答器控(kong)制(zhi)系統與現有技術相比,具有以下有益(yi)效果(guo):
①電路簡單
本實(shi)用(yong)新型的(de)(de)主控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器包括單片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)、顯示(shi)驅(qu)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)、搶(qiang)答按鍵(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)、功放電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu);其中,搶(qiang)答按鍵(jian)與搶(qiang)答按鍵(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)端(duan)連接(jie)(jie),搶(qiang)答按鍵(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)端(duan)與單片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)端(duan)連接(jie)(jie),單片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)端(duan)與顯示(shi)驅(qu)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)端(duan)連接(jie)(jie),顯示(shi)驅(qu)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)端(duan)與顯示(shi)屏連接(jie)(jie);單片(pian)(pian)機控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)端(duan)還與功放電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)端(duan)連接(jie)(jie),功放電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)端(duan)與報警揚聲器連接(jie)(jie)。因此(ci),本實(shi)用(yong)新型的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)結構比較簡單。
②工作性能(neng)可靠、抗干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力強
本實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)顯(xian)示驅動(dong)電(dian)路(lu),由于在信(xin)號(hao)傳輸中,干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)較(jiao)大(da),并(bing)且干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)問(wen)題隨(sui)著傳輸距離的增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)而變大(da),所以在顯(xian)示信(xin)號(hao)傳輸的線(xian)路(lu)上,為(wei)了(le)(le)增(zeng)(zeng)加信(xin)號(hao)的抗干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力增(zeng)(zeng)長傳輸距離,本實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)型使用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)反向(xiang)(xiang)器,反向(xiang)(xiang)器的芯片是74LS04芯片,通(tong)過該反向(xiang)(xiang)器,可使系統工作(zuo)性能(neng)可靠(kao),抗干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力強,從而可增(zeng)(zeng)加傳輸距離。
③比分顯示
本實(shi)用(yong)新型的顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)(ping)包括比(bi)(bi)分顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)(ping)、用(yong)于顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)倒計時與選手號(hao)的主顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)(ping),其(qi)中比(bi)(bi)分顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)(ping)采用(yong)3.2寸(cun)數碼管顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi),是大功率的數碼管,可使得比(bi)(bi)分顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)清楚(chu)直(zhi)觀(guan)。
④搶答前倒計顯示
本實用(yong)新型的顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏包括比分顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏、用(yong)于顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)倒計時(shi)與(yu)選(xuan)手(shou)號(hao)的主(zhu)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏,其(qi)中(zhong)用(yong)于顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)倒計時(shi)與(yu)選(xuan)手(shou)號(hao)的主(zhu)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏采用(yong)4.0寸數碼管顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),方便(bian)搶答選(xuan)手(shou)及時(shi)觀(guan)察(cha)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏,迅速做出搶答動作。
⑤聲音報警
本實(shi)用新型的(de)(de)功放電路連(lian)接報警揚(yang)聲(sheng)器,單片機通(tong)過I/O發出一段方波,通(tong)過功放電路的(de)(de)處理,會從揚(yang)聲(sheng)器發出不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)聲(sheng)音,經試驗證明,實(shi)現(xian)了良好的(de)(de)聲(sheng)音報警效果。
⑥系統操作方便
本(ben)(ben)實用新型具有搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)前倒計時(shi)、防盜搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、比(bi)分(fen)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)、搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)號碼(ma)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)、聲光報警、上位機控(kong)制等功(gong)能。當搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)開始(shi)時(shi),系統(tong)將(jiang)檢(jian)測(ce)是(shi)否有犯(fan)規搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)。搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)開始(shi)后,主(zhu)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)倒計時(shi)時(shi)間(jian),選手在規定時(shi)間(jian)內進行搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da),同(tong)(tong)時(shi),主(zhu)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)還顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)搶(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)答(da)(da)選手號并且帶有聲音提示(shi)(shi),比(bi)分(fen)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)選手分(fen)數(shu)(shu)。本(ben)(ben)系統(tong)還使用USB線與電腦(nao)相(xiang)(xiang)連(lian),能直(zhi)接控(kong)制時(shi)間(jian),分(fen)數(shu)(shu)等相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)基本(ben)(ben)信息,這(zhe)樣方便調節不(bu)同(tong)(tong)場(chang)合需要的不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的時(shi)間(jian),分(fen)數(shu)(shu)的變(bian)換,其(qi)人性(xing)化設(she)計使得本(ben)(ben)系統(tong)的操作非常方便。
⑦成本低、易于推廣
本實用(yong)新型的結構(gou)簡單,成(cheng)本較低,易于推廣(guang)。
下(xia)面,結(jie)合附圖(tu)和實(shi)施例(li)對(dui)本實(shi)用(yong)新型之智能搶答器控(kong)制(zhi)系統的技術特(te)征作進(jin)一步的說明。
附圖說明
圖1:實施例(li)一所述(shu)本實用(yong)新型之智(zhi)能(neng)搶答器(qi)控制系統的結構框圖,
圖2:實(shi)施(shi)例一所(suo)述主控制(zhi)器的(de)結(jie)構框(kuang)圖,
圖3:實施例(li)一所述(shu)本實用(yong)新型(xing)采用(yong)的單片(pian)機控制(zhi)電路圖,
圖4:實(shi)施例一所(suo)述晶振(zhen)電(dian)路圖,
圖5:實施例一(yi)所述本實用新型采用的穩壓降(jiang)壓電路圖,
圖6:實(shi)施例(li)一所(suo)述的與(yu)比分顯示屏連接的顯示驅動電路(lu)圖,
圖(tu)7:實施例一所述的與主顯示屏(ping)連接的顯示驅動電路圖(tu),
圖(tu)8:實施例(li)一所(suo)述本實用新型采用的功放電(dian)路(lu)圖(tu)。
具體實施方式
實施例一:
一種智(zhi)能搶(qiang)答控制器(qi)系統,包括主控制器(qi)1、搶(qiang)答按鍵2、顯示屏3、上位機(ji)5(參見圖(tu)1),所(suo)述(shu)的主控制器(qi)1包括單片機(ji)控制電路11、穩壓降壓電路12、搶(qiang)答按鍵控制電路13、顯示驅動電路14、功放(fang)電路15、USB轉串口電路16(參見圖(tu)2);其中(zhong),
搶(qiang)答(da)按(an)鍵(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)13的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)搶(qiang)答(da)按(an)鍵(jian)2連(lian)(lian)接,搶(qiang)答(da)按(an)鍵(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)13的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)單(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)11的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連(lian)(lian)接,單(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)11的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)顯示驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)14的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連(lian)(lian)接,顯示驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)14的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)顯示屏(ping)3連(lian)(lian)接;單(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)11的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)還與(yu)(yu)功放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)15的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)連(lian)(lian)接,功放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)15的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)報(bao)警揚聲器4連(lian)(lian)接;所(suo)(suo)述的(de)(de)穩(wen)壓(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)12的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源6連(lian)(lian)接,穩(wen)壓(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)12的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)(yu)單(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)11連(lian)(lian)接;所(suo)(suo)述的(de)(de)USB轉串口電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)16的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)分別(bie)與(yu)(yu)單(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)11、上位機(ji)(ji)5的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)連(lian)(lian)接。
所(suo)述的(de)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)3包括比分(fen)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)31、用于顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)倒計(ji)時與選手號(hao)的(de)主(zhu)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)32,該比分(fen)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)31、主(zhu)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)32的(de)輸(shu)(shu)入端與所(suo)述的(de)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅動電路的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出端連(lian)接。所(suo)述的(de)比分(fen)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)采用3.2寸數碼(ma)(ma)管,主(zhu)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屏(ping)采用4寸數碼(ma)(ma)管。
所述的(de)上位機5為計算機。
所述(shu)的(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)控制電路(lu)11包括(kuo)(kuo)單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)及其(qi)電路(lu),所述(shu)的(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)采(cai)用STC89C52單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji),STC89C52單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)低(di)功耗,超(chao)低(di)價;單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)是所有控制的(de)中樞,該STC89C52單(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)包括(kuo)(kuo)P0.0~P0.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)、P1.0~P1.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)、P2.0~P2.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)、P3.0~P3.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)、XLAL1接(jie)(jie)口(kou)、XLAL2接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(參見圖3),其(qi)中:
P1.0~P1.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)與(yu)搶答(da)按(an)鍵控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)輸(shu)出端(duan)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie),用于搶答(da)按(an)鍵的(de)信號傳輸(shu)傳回,只(zhi)要單(dan)片機偵測P1接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)就能清楚(chu)知道具(ju)體是哪號按(an)下(xia);P3.0和(he)P3.1接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)串行數(shu)據(ju)的(de)發送和(he)接(jie)(jie)收信號電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu);P0.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)與(yu)功放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)輸(shu)入端(duan)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie),該(gai)P0.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)是聲音(yin)信號輸(shu)出端(duan),為音(yin)頻(pin)傳輸(shu)相應的(de)高(gao)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping);P2.7接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)指示(shi)燈,P2.0~P2.3接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)通過(guo)顯示(shi)驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)與(yu)主顯示(shi)屏(ping)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie),P2.4~P2.6通過(guo)顯示(shi)驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)與(yu)比分顯示(shi)屏(ping)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie);XLAL1接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)、XLAL2接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)分別與(yu)晶振(zhen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(參見(jian)圖4)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)。
所述的穩壓降壓電路(lu)12包(bao)括(kuo)電源(yuan)(yuan)適(shi)配器、7805系(xi)列三端正電源(yuan)(yuan)穩壓電路(lu)(參見圖5)。
在本系統中,使(shi)用到的有12V和5V兩(liang)種電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器(qi),可(ke)以將家庭用電(dian)(dian)的220V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)轉換為12V電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。因為所(suo)驅動(dong)的數(shu)(shu)碼管為3.2,4寸的數(shu)(shu)碼管,驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為12V,并且功放電(dian)(dian)路需(xu)求(qiu)12V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),所(suo)以通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器(qi)得(de)來(lai)的12V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可(ke)以直(zhi)接供給(gei)其工作電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
本穩(wen)壓降(jiang)壓電(dian)路還(huan)通過(guo)7805系列(lie)三端正電(dian)源(yuan)穩(wen)壓電(dian)路將12V電(dian)壓降(jiang)為5V給單(dan)片機等(deng)芯片供電(dian)。
7805系列三端正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)穩(wen)壓電(dian)(dian)路具有一系列固定(ding)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu),應(ying)用非常(chang)廣泛。每(mei)種類型由于內部電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)限制,以及過熱(re)保護和安全工作區的(de)(de)保護,使得它基(ji)本(ben)上不會損壞。如果能提供足夠的(de)(de)散熱(re)片,它們就能夠提供大(da)于1A的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。雖(sui)然是按照固定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓值來設計的(de)(de),但是當接(jie)入適當的(de)(de)外部器件后,就能夠獲得各種不同的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。
所(suo)述的(de)搶(qiang)答按(an)鍵控制電路(lu)(lu)13采用3.0音頻接(jie)口,其(qi)目的(de)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)方(fang)便(bian)連接(jie)搶(qiang)答按(an)鈕(niu)。因為(wei)隨著人數的(de)多少,搶(qiang)答按(an)鈕(niu)是(shi)需要相(xiang)應的(de)變化的(de),使(shi)用音頻接(jie)口就方(fang)便(bian)搶(qiang)答按(an)鈕(niu)的(de)拔(ba)插,利于競賽控制系統(tong)的(de)實用性。為(wei)了(le)使(shi)得按(an)鍵響應迅(xun)速(su),所(suo)以(yi)使(shi)用單(dan)片機中(zhong)(zhong)斷(duan)(duan)響應。但是(shi)單(dan)片機只有2個(ge)外部中(zhong)(zhong)斷(duan)(duan)口,為(wei)了(le)擴展中(zhong)(zhong)斷(duan)(duan),將(jiang)每一(yi)個(ge)接(jie)口線路(lu)(lu)通過(guo)二(er)(er)極管與一(yi)個(ge)外部中(zhong)(zhong)斷(duan)(duan)接(jie)連。當有按(an)鍵按(an)下時(shi),由于二(er)(er)極管的(de)單(dan)向導通使(shi)得INT_0端被拉低(di)從(cong)而產生中(zhong)(zhong)斷(duan)(duan)信號。搶(qiang)答按(an)鈕(niu)接(jie)口電路(lu)(lu)的(de)各KEY端連接(jie)單(dan)片機的(de)P1接(jie)口,在中(zhong)(zhong)斷(duan)(duan)程序中(zhong)(zhong),通過(guo)判斷(duan)(duan)P1接(jie)口的(de)狀(zhuang)態,即可得出相(xiang)應搶(qiang)答按(an)鈕(niu)號。
在(zai)競賽過程(cheng)中(zhong),無論是產生結(jie)果(guo)還是出(chu)現(xian)問題,都需要(yao)一些提示(shi)。聲(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)提示(shi)是最普(pu)遍(bian)和最直(zhi)接的提示(shi)方法。使用一般的蜂鳴器聲(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)太(tai)小,無法達(da)到預想要(yao)求(qiu),因此(ci)必須設(she)計一個(ge)功放電路連接揚(yang)聲(sheng)(sheng)器實現(xian)不錯的聲(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)報警效果(guo)。
所述的(de)(de)顯示(shi)驅動電路(lu)(lu)14包括反(fan)向(xiang)器及其電路(lu)(lu)(參見圖(tu)6、圖(tu)7);所述的(de)(de)反(fan)向(xiang)器的(de)(de)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)采用(yong)(yong)74LS04芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)。在信(xin)號(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)中(zhong),由于(yu)干擾(rao)較(jiao)大(da),并且(qie)干擾(rao)問題隨著傳(chuan)輸(shu)距離的(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)而變大(da),所以在顯示(shi)信(xin)號(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)的(de)(de)線路(lu)(lu)上(shang),為了(le)增(zeng)加信(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)抗干擾(rao)能力增(zeng)長傳(chuan)輸(shu)距離,本實用(yong)(yong)新型中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)了(le)反(fan)向(xiang)器,芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)選用(yong)(yong)74LS04芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian),該反(fan)向(xiang)器所連接的(de)(de)12V電壓是供給數碼管(guan)的(de)(de),5V的(de)(de)電壓是供給數碼管(guan)顯示(shi)電路(lu)(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)工作的(de)(de)。
本實用新(xin)型的功(gong)放(fang)電(dian)路15使(shi)用的是(shi)12V電(dian)壓(ya),信號端連接(jie)的是(shi)單(dan)片(pian)機的P0.7接(jie)口(參見(jian)圖8)。使(shi)用的主(zhu)要芯片(pian)為TDA2030芯片(pian)。電(dian)路為TDA2030的典型電(dian)路。當單(dan)片(pian)機通(tong)過I/O發出一段方波,通(tong)過功(gong)放(fang)電(dian)路的處理,會從(cong)揚聲器(qi)發出不同的聲音(yin)。達到一定(ding)效(xiao)果(guo)的聲音(yin)提示。
TDA2030A是(shi)SGS公司生產(chan)的(de)(de)單聲道功(gong)放(fang)IC,該IC體(ti)積小(xiao)巧(qiao),輸出功(gong)率大(da),靜態(tai)電(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)(50mA以下);動(dong)態(tai)電(dian)流(liu)大(da)(能承受(shou)3.5A的(de)(de)電(dian)流(liu));負載能力強,既可帶(dai)動(dong)4-16Ω的(de)(de)揚聲器,某些場合(he)又可帶(dai)動(dong)2Ω甚至1.6Ω的(de)(de)低阻負載;音色中(zhong)規中(zhong)舉(ju),無明顯個性,特別適合(he)制作輸出功(gong)率中(zhong)等的(de)(de)高保真(zhen)功(gong)放(fang)。
所述(shu)的(de)USB轉串(chuan)口(kou)電路(lu)16的(de)輸入(ru)和輸出(chu)是連(lian)接(jie)(jie)單(dan)(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)串(chuan)行(xing)(xing)輸入(ru)和輸出(chu)的(de)。這樣就可以(yi)通(tong)過上位機(ji)(ji)電腦與單(dan)(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)進行(xing)(xing)發送數(shu)據,從而達到兩(liang)者之間的(de)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)。由于單(dan)(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)是串(chuan)行(xing)(xing)傳輸,而如今的(de)電腦大多數(shu)沒有了(le)串(chuan)行(xing)(xing)接(jie)(jie)口(kou);也為了(le)使得連(lian)接(jie)(jie)更(geng)為方便,本實(shi)用新型運(yun)用了(le)USB轉串(chuan)口(kou)電路(lu),使得通(tong)過USB接(jie)(jie)口(kou)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)與單(dan)(dan)片(pian)機(ji)(ji)進行(xing)(xing)傳輸數(shu)據。USB轉串(chuan)口(kou)電路(lu)的(de)核心芯片(pian)為PL2303芯片(pian)。
PL2303芯片用(yong)于(yu)實現 USB 和(he)標準(zhun) RS-232 串行(xing)(xing)端口之間的(de)(de)轉換,兩個獨(du)立的(de)(de)大(da)(da)型(xing)緩沖(chong)(chong)用(yong)于(yu)兩種總線(xian)的(de)(de)連接。大(da)(da)型(xing)數據緩沖(chong)(chong)器(qi)用(yong)于(yu) USB 的(de)(de)批量數據傳輸。自(zi)動握(wo)手模式可用(yong)于(yu)串行(xing)(xing)通訊,因(yin)而(er)可以達到遠大(da)(da)于(yu)標準(zhun) UART 控制器(qi)的(de)(de)波特率。
PL2303 芯(xin)(xin)片支持 USB 電源管理和遠程喚(huan)醒(xing)協議。當(dang)主(zhu)機掛起時消耗極小的電能,所(suo)有功(gong)能集成在 SOIC-28 封裝內.芯(xin)(xin)片亦(yi)可以安(an)裝在電纜線中,用戶只要(yao)簡單地把聯在電腦主(zhu)機或 USB HUB 上,就可以實現與 RS-232 器件的通信(xin)。
本實用新型智(zhi)能搶答(da)器控制系統的工作原理:
當搶(qiang)答開(kai)始(shi)時,系(xi)(xi)統(tong)將自動(dong)檢測是否有犯規(gui)搶(qiang)答。搶(qiang)答開(kai)始(shi)后,主顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)搶(qiang)答倒計(ji)時時間(jian)(jian),選手(shou)在(zai)規(gui)定時間(jian)(jian)內進行搶(qiang)答,同(tong)(tong)時,主顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)還顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)搶(qiang)答選手(shou)號并且帶有聲音提示(shi),比分(fen)(fen)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)選手(shou)分(fen)(fen)數(shu)。本系(xi)(xi)統(tong)使用USB線與(yu)電腦相(xiang)(xiang)連,能直接控制時間(jian)(jian),分(fen)(fen)數(shu)等(deng)相(xiang)(xiang)關基本信息(xi),這(zhe)樣方便(bian)調節(jie)不同(tong)(tong)場合需要的不同(tong)(tong)的時間(jian)(jian)和分(fen)(fen)數(shu)的變換(huan)。