本發明涉及汽車技術領域，更具體(ti)地，涉及新能(neng)源(yuan)汽車高壓系(xi)統y電(dian)容檢測系(xi)統、方法和新能(neng)源(yuan)汽車。

背景技術：

能(neng)(neng)源短缺、石油危(wei)(wei)機(ji)和(he)環(huan)境污染愈(yu)演愈(yu)烈(lie)，給人(ren)們的生活帶來巨大影響，直接關系到國(guo)家(jia)經(jing)濟和(he)社會的可持續發(fa)展。世界各國(guo)都在(zai)積極開(kai)發(fa)新能(neng)(neng)源技(ji)術。新能(neng)(neng)源技(ji)術被認(ren)為是解(jie)決能(neng)(neng)源危(wei)(wei)機(ji)和(he)環(huan)境惡化的重要途徑。

安(an)規(gui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)是(shi)指(zhi)用于這樣的場合(he)，即電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器失效(xiao)后，不(bu)會導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)擊，不(bu)危及人(ren)身安(an)全.它包括(kuo)x電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)和y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)兩種(zhong)類型(xing)。x電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)是(shi)跨接在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力線兩線(l-n)之(zhi)間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)；y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)是(shi)分別跨接在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力線兩線和地之(zhi)間(l-e，n-e)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)。基于漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的限制，y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值不(bu)能太大。

新(xin)能源汽(qi)(qi)車的(de)高壓(ya)系統(比如，動力(li)電(dian)(dian)池或其(qi)它高壓(ya)部件)對地(di)y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)過大將會給乘員安全造(zao)成威脅(xie)。因此(ci)，國家(jia)標準中對電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)(qi)車新(xin)能源汽(qi)(qi)車的(de)y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)限(xian)值有明確(que)規定(ding)：任何帶電(dian)(dian)的(de)b級電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)帶電(dian)(dian)部件和電(dian)(dian)平臺之(zhi)間的(de)總電(dian)(dian)容(rong)在其(qi)最大工作電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時所存儲的(de)能量(liang)應小于0.2焦耳(er)(j)。

目前，在現有(you)技術中，新(xin)能(neng)源汽(qi)車的電(dian)池管理系統并不具備高壓系統對(dui)地的y電(dian)容檢測功能(neng)，有(you)可(ke)能(neng)影響(xiang)絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)采(cai)集精度(du)、整(zheng)車不符合法規(gui)要求甚(shen)至人(ren)身安(an)全(quan)。

技術實現要素：

本發明的(de)目的(de)是(shi)提(ti)出新能源(yuan)汽車(che)高壓系(xi)統y電(dian)容(rong)檢測系(xi)統、方(fang)法和新能源(yuan)汽車(che)，從而檢測高壓系(xi)統y電(dian)容(rong)，并(bing)由此提(ti)高人身(shen)安全(quan)。

一(yi)種(zhong)新(xin)能(neng)源汽車高壓系統(tong)y電容檢測系統(tong)，包(bao)括(kuo)：

第(di)一已知測量電阻(zu)，與高壓(ya)系統正極端子的絕緣電阻(zu)并聯；

第(di)二已(yi)知測量電阻，與高壓系統(tong)負極端(duan)子(zi)的絕緣電阻并聯；

第一開關，與第一已知測量電阻(zu)串聯；

第(di)二(er)開關，與(yu)第(di)二(er)已知測量電阻串聯(lian)；

計算模塊，用于(yu)當第(di)一開(kai)關(guan)和第(di)二(er)開(kai)關(guan)都斷開(kai)時，測(ce)(ce)量高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)正(zheng)極(ji)端子(zi)對(dui)車(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)及高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)負極(ji)端子(zi)對(dui)車(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)，并當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)關(guan)被單獨閉合后，基于(yu)預定的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)置(zhi)時間測(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端子(zi)對(dui)車(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端子(zi)對(dui)車(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)穩定時計算總靜(jing)置(zhi)時間，并基于(yu)總靜(jing)置(zhi)時間和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)已知(zhi)測(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻計算高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)y電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容。

在一個實(shi)施方式中，還包括：

報告(gao)模塊，用于計算所(suo)述高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)(xi)統的最大允許電(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值，并將所(suo)述高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)(xi)統y電(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)與所(suo)述最大允許電(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值進行比較，其中(zhong)當所(suo)述高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)(xi)統y電(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)大于等于所(suo)述最大允許電(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值時(shi)，發出(chu)報警信息。

在一個實施方式中：

所(suo)述第一開關包括：光繼(ji)電器(qi)、機械式繼(ji)電器(qi)或干(gan)簧管繼(ji)電器(qi)；和/或

所述(shu)第二開(kai)關包括：光繼電器、機械式(shi)繼電器或干簧管繼電器。

在(zai)一個實(shi)施方式中，所述第一已(yi)(yi)知測(ce)量電(dian)阻與所述第二已(yi)(yi)知測(ce)量電(dian)阻具有相(xiang)同的電(dian)阻值(zhi)。

一種新能(neng)源汽車高壓(ya)系統y電容檢(jian)測方法，該方法包括：

將第(di)一已(yi)知測(ce)量電(dian)阻(zu)與高壓系統(tong)正極端(duan)子(zi)的絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻(zu)并聯(lian)，將第(di)二已(yi)知測(ce)量電(dian)阻(zu)與高壓系統(tong)負極端(duan)子(zi)的絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻(zu)并聯(lian)，將第(di)一開關與第(di)一已(yi)知測(ce)量電(dian)阻(zu)串聯(lian)，將第(di)二開關與第(di)二已(yi)知測(ce)量電(dian)阻(zu)串聯(lian)；

斷開第一(yi)開關(guan)(guan)和第二開關(guan)(guan)，測量(liang)高壓(ya)系統正極端子對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)平臺的電(dian)壓(ya)及(ji)高壓(ya)系統負極端子對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)平臺的電(dian)壓(ya)，確定電(dian)壓(ya)測量(liang)值較大側；

單獨(du)閉合(he)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的開(kai)關(guan)，基(ji)于預定的靜置時間(jian)測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的端(duan)子對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)平臺(tai)的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，當判定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)的端(duan)子對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)平臺(tai)的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩定時計算總靜置時間(jian)；

基(ji)于總靜(jing)置時間和(he)電(dian)壓(ya)測量值較(jiao)大側(ce)的(de)已知(zhi)測量電(dian)阻計(ji)算高壓(ya)系統(tong)y電(dian)容。

在一個(ge)實施方式中，所(suo)述判定(ding)電(dian)壓測量值較大(da)側的端子對車輛電(dian)平臺(tai)的電(dian)壓穩定(ding)包括：

當相鄰兩次測(ce)得的(de)、電(dian)壓測(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)(ce)的(de)端(duan)子對車(che)輛電(dian)平臺的(de)電(dian)壓之間的(de)差值(zhi)小于預定(ding)值(zhi)時，判定(ding)電(dian)壓測(ce)量值(zhi)較大側(ce)(ce)的(de)端(duan)子對車(che)輛電(dian)平臺的(de)電(dian)壓穩定(ding)。

在一個實施方(fang)式中，該(gai)方(fang)法還包括：

計算高壓(ya)系(xi)統的(de)最大(da)(da)允許電(dian)容值，并將高壓(ya)系(xi)統y電(dian)容與所述最大(da)(da)允許電(dian)容值進行比較，其(qi)中(zhong)當高壓(ya)系(xi)統y電(dian)容大(da)(da)于等于所述最大(da)(da)允許電(dian)容值時，發出報警信息。

在(zai)一(yi)個實施方式中，所(suo)述(shu)高壓系(xi)統的(de)最大工作電(dian)壓為u，所(suo)述(shu)最大允許電(dian)容(rong)值為cmax，其中：

在一個實施方(fang)式中，基于總靜置時間(jian)和電壓(ya)測量(liang)值(zhi)較大(da)側的已知測量(liang)電阻計算高壓(ya)系統y電容包括：

計算高壓系統y電容c；

其中t2為(wei)總靜置時間；r為(wei)電壓(ya)測量(liang)值(zhi)較(jiao)大側的已知測量(liang)電阻。

一種(zhong)新能源汽(qi)車，包含如上所(suo)述的新能源汽(qi)車高(gao)壓(ya)系(xi)統y電容檢(jian)測(ce)系(xi)統。

從上述技術方(fang)案(an)可以看出(chu)，在(zai)本發明實施(shi)方(fang)式中，檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統包括：第一(yi)已(yi)(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)正極(ji)端子的(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻并聯(lian)；第二(er)已(yi)(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)負極(ji)端子的(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻并聯(lian)；第一(yi)開關，與(yu)(yu)第一(yi)已(yi)(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻串聯(lian)；第二(er)開關，與(yu)(yu)第二(er)已(yi)(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻串聯(lian)。本發明針對y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)對絕(jue)緣(yuan)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)回路的(de)影響，提(ti)出(chu)一(yi)種高壓系(xi)統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)自(zi)適應(ying)的(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)方(fang)案(an)，可以檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)高壓系(xi)統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)，而(er)且y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)超(chao)標時(shi)可以發出(chu)提(ti)醒(xing)，提(ti)高安全性。

另外，本發明還避免了(le)y電容對(dui)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電阻檢(jian)測的(de)不利影響，從而可以(yi)準確測量絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電阻值。

附圖說明

以下附(fu)圖僅對(dui)本發(fa)明(ming)做示意性說明(ming)和解釋，并不限定本發(fa)明(ming)的范圍。

圖(tu)1為(wei)現有技(ji)術(shu)中新(xin)能源汽車(che)電池(chi)組絕(jue)緣電阻的計(ji)算過程(cheng)示意圖(tu)。

圖2為根據本發明新(xin)能源汽車高壓系統y電容(rong)檢測(ce)系統的結構(gou)圖。

圖3為根據(ju)本發(fa)明新能源汽車高壓系統y電(dian)容檢測系統的示范性電(dian)路圖。

圖4為根據(ju)本發明新能(neng)源(yuan)汽車高壓系統y電容檢測方法的流程圖。

具體實施方式

為了對發明(ming)的(de)(de)技(ji)術特征(zheng)、目的(de)(de)和效果有(you)更加清楚(chu)的(de)(de)理(li)解，現對照附圖說明(ming)本(ben)發明(ming)的(de)(de)具(ju)體實施(shi)方式，在各圖中相(xiang)同的(de)(de)標號(hao)表示相(xiang)同的(de)(de)部分。

為了(le)描(miao)述上的(de)簡潔和直觀，下(xia)文通過描(miao)述若干代表(biao)性的(de)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)(fang)式來對(dui)本發(fa)明(ming)的(de)方(fang)(fang)案(an)進行(xing)闡述。實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)(fang)式中大量的(de)細節(jie)僅用于(yu)幫助理解本發(fa)明(ming)的(de)方(fang)(fang)案(an)。但是很明(ming)顯，本發(fa)明(ming)的(de)技術(shu)方(fang)(fang)案(an)實(shi)現(xian)時可以不(bu)局限(xian)于(yu)這(zhe)些細節(jie)。為了(le)避免不(bu)必要地(di)模糊(hu)了(le)本發(fa)明(ming)的(de)方(fang)(fang)案(an)，一些實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)(fang)式沒(mei)(mei)有進行(xing)細致地(di)描(miao)述，而是僅給出了(le)框架。下(xia)文中，“包括(kuo)”是指(zhi)“包括(kuo)但不(bu)限(xian)于(yu)”，“根據(ju)(ju)……”是指(zhi)“至(zhi)少(shao)根據(ju)(ju)……，但不(bu)限(xian)于(yu)僅根據(ju)(ju)……”。由于(yu)漢語(yu)的(de)語(yu)言習慣，下(xia)文中沒(mei)(mei)有特別指(zhi)出一個成(cheng)分的(de)數量時，意味著該(gai)成(cheng)分可以是一個也(ye)可以是多(duo)個，或可理解為至(zhi)少(shao)一個。

圖1為現有技(ji)術中(zhong)新能源汽車電池組(zu)絕緣電阻的計(ji)算過程示意(yi)圖。

如(ru)圖(tu)1所(suo)示，現有技術(shu)的新能(neng)源汽(qi)車電池組絕緣電阻計(ji)算(suan)(suan)方(fang)法可(ke)以(yi)參考國標(biao)gb/t18384.1-2015，按(an)照以(yi)下(a)、(b)、(c)三個(ge)步驟進行計(ji)算(suan)(suan)：

步驟(a)：分別(bie)測量車載可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲能系統(tong)(ress)的(de)(de)兩個端子(即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組正極(ji)端子和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組負極(ji)端子)與車輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺之間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓定義為(wei)u1，較(jiao)(jiao)低的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓定義為(wei)u1′，相應的(de)(de)，兩個端子側的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)分別(bie)為(wei)ri1和(he)ri2。其中，u1側的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)為(wei)ri1，u1′側的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)為(wei)ri2。ri1和(he)ri2中的(de)(de)較(jiao)(jiao)小值可以被確(que)定為(wei)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)ri。

步(bu)驟(b)：添(tian)加一個已知(zhi)的測量電(dian)阻r0與ri1并聯，測量u2和u2′，注意測試期間應該保持(chi)穩定的電(dian)壓。

步驟(c)：計(ji)算絕緣電阻ri，方(fang)法如下：

將r0和(he)三個電壓u1，u1′和(he)u2和(he)代入下式：

其(qi)中(zhong)，圖1的左(zuo)半(ban)部分示出u1和u1′的測量過程；圖1的右半(ban)部分示出添加已(yi)知(zhi)測量電阻r0與(yu)ri1并聯并測量u2和u2′的過程。

然而(er)，在(zai)現有技術中，由于(yu)電(dian)池組正(zheng)極和負極針(zhen)對車體都存在(zai)y電(dian)容(rong)，y電(dian)容(rong)的(de)充放(fang)電(dian)效應導致檢測(ce)電(dian)路無法(fa)準確(que)有效的(de)進行絕緣電(dian)阻值的(de)測(ce)量。

以上以電(dian)池組為(wei)例，描(miao)(miao)述(shu)了(le)需要檢測新能源汽車高壓系統的(de)y電(dian)容的(de)場景，本領域技術人員可以意識到，這種描(miao)(miao)述(shu)僅是示范性的(de)，并不用于限定需要檢測新能源汽車高壓系統的(de)y電(dian)容的(de)具體(ti)場景。

在本(ben)發(fa)明(ming)實施方式中，針(zhen)對y電容對絕緣檢測回路的(de)影響，提(ti)出一種(zhong)高壓系統(tong)的(de)y電容的(de)絕緣檢測方案。

圖2為根據本發明(ming)新能源(yuan)汽車高壓(ya)系統y電容檢測系統的結構圖，其中高壓(ya)系統包含動(dong)力電池(chi)組(zu)。

如(ru)圖(tu)2所示，該系統(tong)，包括：

第(di)一已知(zhi)測量電阻(zu)，與(yu)電池組正極端子(zi)的絕緣電阻(zu)并聯；

第二已(yi)知測量電阻，與電池組負極端子的絕緣電阻并(bing)聯；

第(di)一開(kai)關(guan)，與第(di)一已知測(ce)量電阻串(chuan)聯；

第二(er)(er)開關，與第二(er)(er)已知測量電阻串聯(lian)。

優(you)選的，第(di)一已知(zhi)測(ce)量電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)與第(di)二已知(zhi)測(ce)量電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)具有相同的電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值，從而使得整(zheng)個(ge)系統電(dian)路保持(chi)對稱性(xing)，以(yi)避免各(ge)種測(ce)量誤差(cha)。

其中，當第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)開(kai)關(guan)導通時，第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)正(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接(jie)(jie)；當第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)開(kai)關(guan)斷(duan)開(kai)時，第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)正(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)不保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接(jie)(jie)；當第(di)(di)(di)二開(kai)關(guan)導通時，第(di)(di)(di)二已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接(jie)(jie)；當第(di)(di)(di)二開(kai)關(guan)斷(duan)開(kai)時，第(di)(di)(di)二已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)不保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接(jie)(jie)。第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)值和第(di)(di)(di)二已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)值均(jun)為已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)。而且，第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)值與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)(di)二已(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)值相同。

首先(xian)，斷開第一開關和第二(er)開關，分別測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)正極(ji)端子(zi)對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)負極(ji)端子(zi)對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，并(bing)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)較大側。然后，閉(bi)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)較大側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開關，基于(yu)預定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)多次測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)較大側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端子(zi)對車(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，其中當判(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)計算總(zong)靜置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)；基于(yu)該總(zong)靜置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，計算電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。在計算電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中，當添(tian)加(jia)已知的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)r0與ri1并(bing)聯(lian)后保持(chi)靜置，靜置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為確定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)靜置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，然后再測(ce)量(liang)u2和u2′，并(bing)計算絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)ri。

舉(ju)例，首先斷開(kai)第(di)一(yi)開(kai)關和第(di)二開(kai)關，分(fen)別(bie)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)負極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并確定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)值較(jiao)大側(ce)(ce)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)大于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)負極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時，閉合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)側(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)開(kai)關(即第(di)一(yi)開(kai)關)，從而第(di)一(yi)已知測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接。然后，基(ji)于預(yu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)靜置時間(jian)多次測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，其中當(dang)判(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)時計算(suan)總靜置時間(jian)；再基(ji)于該總靜置時間(jian)，計算(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。其中，判(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)包括：當(dang)相鄰(lin)兩次測(ce)得的(de)(de)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)值較(jiao)大側(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)端(duan)子(zi)(即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)子(zi))對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之間(jian)的(de)(de)差(cha)值小于預(yu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值時，判(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。

再舉例(li)，首先斷開(kai)第(di)一開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)和第(di)二(er)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)，分別測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)正極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)(dui)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)(dui)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)確(que)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)值較大側(ce)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)(dui)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)大于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)正極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)(dui)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時，閉合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(即第(di)二(er)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan))，從而第(di)二(er)已知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接。然后，基于(yu)預定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜置時間多次(ci)(ci)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)(dui)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，其(qi)中(zhong)當(dang)判定(ding)(ding)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)時計(ji)算(suan)總(zong)靜置時間；再基于(yu)該(gai)總(zong)靜置時間，計(ji)算(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。其(qi)中(zhong)，判定(ding)(ding)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)包(bao)括：當(dang)相鄰兩次(ci)(ci)測(ce)(ce)(ce)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)值較大側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi))對(dui)(dui)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差值小于(yu)預定(ding)(ding)值時，判定(ding)(ding)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)。

在一個實施方式中，第一開關包括：光繼(ji)電(dian)器、機械(xie)式繼(ji)電(dian)器或(huo)干(gan)簧管繼(ji)電(dian)器，等(deng)等(deng)。

在(zai)一個(ge)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式中，第二(er)開關包括：光繼電(dian)(dian)器、機械式繼電(dian)(dian)器或干(gan)簧管繼電(dian)(dian)器，等(deng)等(deng)。

以上示(shi)范(fan)性描述(shu)了第一開關(guan)和第二開關(guan)的典型實例，本領域技術人員可以意識到，這種描述(shu)僅是示(shi)范(fan)性的，并(bing)不(bu)用于(yu)限定本發明實施方式的保護范(fan)圍。

可(ke)見，在本(ben)發明(ming)實施方式中，通過引入第一(yi)開關和第二開關，可(ke)以準(zhun)確計算靜置時間，從(cong)而(er)有效覆蓋(gai)常(chang)見的y電(dian)容(rong)，而(er)且基于總靜置時間計算高壓(ya)系統絕緣電(dian)阻值，實現首次初始(shi)化y電(dian)容(rong)自(zi)適應(ying)，無需(xu)人工干(gan)預。

圖1所示的(de)系統還可以包(bao)括(kuo)計算(suan)模塊(kuai)。

計(ji)(ji)算(suan)模(mo)塊，用于當(dang)第(di)一開(kai)關和第(di)二開(kai)關都(dou)斷開(kai)時(shi)，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)正(zheng)極端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)及高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)負極端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)大側，并當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)大側的(de)開(kai)關被單(dan)獨閉合后，基于預(yu)定的(de)靜置時(shi)間測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)大側的(de)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)大側的(de)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)對車輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定時(shi)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)總(zong)靜置時(shi)間，并基于總(zong)靜置時(shi)間和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)大側的(de)已(yi)知測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻計(ji)(ji)算(suan)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)y電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容。

可(ke)見(jian)，基于計(ji)算模(mo)塊，本發明實施方式還可(ke)以計(ji)算高壓系統y電(dian)容(比如，電(dian)池(chi)組的y電(dian)容)。

在一個實施(shi)方式中(zhong)，該系(xi)統還包(bao)括(kuo)：

報告模塊，用(yong)于計算高(gao)壓(ya)系統的最(zui)大(da)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值，并將高(gao)壓(ya)系統y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)與(yu)最(zui)大(da)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值進行比較(jiao)，其中當高(gao)壓(ya)系統y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)大(da)于等于最(zui)大(da)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值時，發出報警信(xin)息，還(huan)可以(yi)使用(yong)報文向外發出y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)數值。優(you)選地，當高(gao)壓(ya)系統y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)小于最(zui)大(da)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值時，則認(ren)為(wei)y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)未超過(guo)國(guo)標(biao)限(xian)值，使用(yong)報文向外發出y電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)數值及狀態正常(chang)信(xin)息。

圖(tu)3為根(gen)據本發明新(xin)能源汽車高壓系統y電(dian)容檢測系統的示范性電(dian)路(lu)圖(tu)。

在圖3中，pad01為正極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信(xin)號采(cai)集(ji)(ji)點；pad02是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信(xin)號采(cai)集(ji)(ji)點；p_con為正極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)光繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)控(kong)制點；n_con為負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)光繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)控(kong)制點；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r4和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r6構(gou)(gou)成正極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)分壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r7、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r9和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r12構(gou)(gou)成負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)分壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r5和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容c1構(gou)(gou)成正極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信(xin)號的(de)(de)rc濾波(bo)器(qi)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r8和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容c2構(gou)(gou)成負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信(xin)號的(de)(de)rc濾波(bo)器(qi)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r3是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)串聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(阻值(zhi)(zhi)已知(zhi))；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r10是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)串聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(阻值(zhi)(zhi)已知(zhi))；q1是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)串聯(lian)(lian)光繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，q2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負極(ji)端(duan)(duan)子(zi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)串聯(lian)(lian)光繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)q1對(dui)應的(de)(de)發光二極(ji)管(guan)限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r11是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)q2對(dui)應的(de)(de)發光二極(ji)管(guan)限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。而且，r3與r10的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)(zhi)優(you)選(xuan)相等(deng)。比如，r3或r10電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)(zhi)為200kω。

步驟(1)，在光繼電器q1和q2都斷開的(de)狀態下(xia)，第一(yi)次采集pack+和pack-對車(che)輛(liang)電平臺的(de)電壓，比較采集得到的(de)兩個電壓值(zhi)。

步(bu)(bu)驟(2)、閉(bi)合(he)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)預(yu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)t后，第(di)(di)二(er)次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集pack+和(he)pack-對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(也可以只采(cai)(cai)集步(bu)(bu)驟(1)中(zhong)確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，而不(bu)(bu)采(cai)(cai)集步(bu)(bu)驟(1)中(zhong)確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))。然(ran)后，繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)t后，第(di)(di)三次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集pack+和(he)pack-對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(也可以只采(cai)(cai)集步(bu)(bu)驟(1)中(zhong)確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，而不(bu)(bu)采(cai)(cai)集步(bu)(bu)驟(1)中(zhong)確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))。以此類推，直到(dao)執行n(n大(da)(da)于等于1)次(ci)靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)(cai)集(即上述具有靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)采(cai)(cai)集)。在本(ben)步(bu)(bu)驟中(zhong)，每(mei)次(ci)靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)(cai)集之后，都判(pan)斷較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)否穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，如(ru)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，據此累加(jia)持續(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，得到(dao)總靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)判(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據是(shi)：相鄰兩次(ci)測(ce)量出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)車(che)(che)(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變化(hua)不(bu)(bu)應超過2v(例如(ru)，前次(ci)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)本(ben)次(ci)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)對(dui)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變化(hua)不(bu)(bu)超過2v，認為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)已經穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding))。如(ru)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，應累加(jia)n次(ci)靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，得到(dao)總靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)。其中(zhong)，靜置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)累積的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)光(guang)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器始終處于閉(bi)合(he)狀態。

舉例說明：

假定(ding)步驟(zou)(1)中(zhong)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)得到(dao)的(de)(de)兩(liang)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為較大值(zhi)(zhi)。那(nei)么，步驟(zou)2包括：閉合較大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一(yi)(yi)側的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(即光(guang)(guang)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)q1)，靜置(zhi)預定(ding)的(de)(de)時間(jian)t后，第(di)(di)二次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)判斷第(di)(di)二次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)與第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)變化是否(fou)超過(guo)(guo)預定(ding)的(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)(比如，2伏特(te))，如果超過(guo)(guo)，則認定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不穩定(ding)，繼(ji)續靜置(zhi)時間(jian)t后(此(ci)(ci)時光(guang)(guang)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)q1保持閉合)，第(di)(di)三次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)判斷第(di)(di)三次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)與第(di)(di)二次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)變化是否(fou)超過(guo)(guo)預定(ding)的(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)(比如，2伏特(te))。以(yi)此(ci)(ci)類推，如果超過(guo)(guo)，則繼(ji)續認定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不穩定(ding)，并(bing)繼(ji)續靜置(zhi)預定(ding)的(de)(de)時間(jian)t后再采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。假定(ding)第(di)(di)三次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)與第(di)(di)二次(ci)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)pack+對(dui)(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)變化不超過(guo)(guo)預定(ding)的(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)，則認定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)已經穩定(ding)，則總的(de)(de)靜置(zhi)時間(jian)為2t。

步驟(3)、基于總(zong)的靜置時間計算(suan)電池組(zu)絕緣電阻和y電容(rong)。

在這(zhe)里，按(an)照(zhao)國標，利用總靜置(zhi)時間，重(zhong)新進行pack+和pack-對車(che)輛電(dian)平臺電(dian)壓(ya)采集(ji)(ji)，采集(ji)(ji)值(zhi)可用于絕緣電(dian)阻計(ji)算。優選(xuan)地(di)，總的(de)靜置(zhi)時間是可以修(xiu)訂的(de)，應在每60次上電(dian)后(hou)修(xiu)正一次(修(xiu)正y電(dian)容的(de)容值(zhi)變(bian)化情況)。

絕緣電阻計算(suan)過程可以參考gb/t18384.1-2015，按照以下(a)、(b)、(c)三個(ge)步驟進行計算(suan)。

步(bu)驟(a)、測(ce)量電(dian)池組兩個(ge)端(duan)子和車輛(liang)電(dian)平臺之(zhi)間的電(dian)壓。較(jiao)高(gao)的一個(ge)定義(yi)為u1，較(jiao)低的一個(ge)定義(yi)為u1′，相應的兩個(ge)絕緣電(dian)阻定義(yi)為ri1和ri2＝ri。

步驟(b)、添加一個已(yi)知(zhi)的(de)測(ce)量電(dian)阻r0與ri1并聯，然后靜置(zhi)，靜置(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)為第二步驟確定的(de)總靜置(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)，測(ce)量u2和u2′，注意測(ce)試期間(jian)應該保持穩定的(de)電(dian)壓。

步驟(c)、計(ji)算絕緣電阻ri，方法如下(xia)：將r0和(he)三個電壓u1，u1′和(he)u2和(he)代入下(xia)式：

比如(ru)，假(jia)定(ding)在步驟(a)中確定(ding)正(zheng)極端子與車(che)輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)之(zhi)間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)較(jiao)高(gao)，則閉合q1以(yi)(yi)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r3引入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，而且斷開q2以(yi)(yi)不將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻r10引入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。然(ran)后靜置，靜置時間為(wei)第(di)二步驟確定(ding)的總靜置時間，測量正(zheng)極端子對車(che)輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)u2和負極端子對車(che)輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)(tai)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)u2′。再(zai)基(ji)于上述(shu)公(gong)式計算(suan)ri，其中r0的值(zhi)即為(wei)r3。

再比如(ru)，假定在(zai)步驟(a)中確定負極(ji)端子(zi)與(yu)車(che)(che)輛(liang)電(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓較高，則閉合q2以(yi)將(jiang)電(dian)阻r10引(yin)入電(dian)路，而且斷開(kai)q1以(yi)不將(jiang)電(dian)阻r3引(yin)入電(dian)路。然后靜(jing)置，靜(jing)置時(shi)間(jian)為第二(er)步驟確定的(de)(de)(de)總靜(jing)置時(shi)間(jian)，測量負極(ji)端子(zi)對車(che)(che)輛(liang)電(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓u2和正極(ji)端子(zi)對車(che)(che)輛(liang)電(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓u2′。再基(ji)于上(shang)述公式計算ri，其中r0的(de)(de)(de)值即為r10。

下面描述基于(yu)總的靜置(zhi)時間(jian)計(ji)算計(ji)算y電容的過程(cheng)。

電容(rong)充電公式為：uc(t)＝uc(0)+[uc(∞)-uc(0)](1-e^-t/rc)；

電(dian)容放(fang)電(dian)公(gong)式：uc(t)＝uc(∞)+[uc(0)-uc(∞)]e^-t/rc；

其中uc(∞)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)壓充、放電(dian)終了值；uc(0)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)壓起始值。

在上述公式中，t持續8倍時間常(chang)數((rc)為(wei)一(yi)個時間常(chang)數)時，充放(fang)電接近終了(le)，電壓(ya)趨(qu)于穩定。因此，y電容計算公式如下(r3或r10電阻值為(wei)200kω)：

基于國標gb/t18384.1-2015規定(6.3.3.2)：任(ren)何(he)帶電(dian)的(de)(de)b級(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)帶電(dian)部(bu)件(jian)和電(dian)平(ping)臺之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)總電(dian)容在其最(zui)大工作(zuo)電(dian)壓(ya)u時(shi)所儲存的(de)(de)能量ec應小于0.2焦(jiao)耳(j)。電(dian)容能量計算方法(fa)：

ec＝0.5*u²*c

據此計算(suan)單個y電(dian)容限(xian)值cmax，公式(shi)如下：

如果c>＝cmax則認為y電容(rong)(rong)超過國(guo)標限值(zhi)，使用報文向(xiang)外發出y電容(rong)(rong)數值(zhi)及報警信息(xi)。

如果c<cmax則認為(wei)y電(dian)容未超過國標限值，使用報文向(xiang)外(wai)發出(chu)y電(dian)容數(shu)值及狀態正常信(xin)息。

比如，假設8倍(bei)時間常數為(wei)5秒(miao)，依據(ju)單側y電容(rong)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)公(gong)式得(de)到c為(wei)3.1微(wei)法，該值小(xiao)于3.3微(wei)法，認(ren)為(wei)y電容(rong)未超過國標限值。假設8倍(bei)時間常數為(wei)6秒(miao)，依據(ju)單側y電容(rong)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)公(gong)式得(de)到c為(wei)3.75微(wei)法，該值大(da)于3.3微(wei)法，認(ren)為(wei)y電容(rong)超過國標限值。

本發明實施方式還(huan)提出了一種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)檢測(ce)方法(fa)，該(gai)方法(fa)適(shi)用于圖(tu)2所示(shi)的新能源汽車高壓(ya)系統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容檢測(ce)系統。圖(tu)4為(wei)根據本發明電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)檢測(ce)方法(fa)的流程圖(tu)。

如圖4所示，該方法包括：

步驟401：將第(di)一(yi)已知測量(liang)電阻(zu)與(yu)(yu)高壓(ya)系(xi)統正極端(duan)(duan)子的(de)絕緣電阻(zu)并聯(lian)，將第(di)二(er)已知測量(liang)電阻(zu)與(yu)(yu)高壓(ya)系(xi)統負極端(duan)(duan)子的(de)絕緣電阻(zu)并聯(lian)，將第(di)一(yi)開關與(yu)(yu)第(di)一(yi)已知測量(liang)電阻(zu)串(chuan)聯(lian)，將第(di)二(er)開關與(yu)(yu)第(di)二(er)已知測量(liang)電阻(zu)串(chuan)聯(lian)。

步驟402：斷(duan)開(kai)第一開(kai)關(guan)和(he)第二開(kai)關(guan)，測(ce)量高壓(ya)(ya)系統正極端(duan)子對車輛電平(ping)(ping)臺的電壓(ya)(ya)及高壓(ya)(ya)系統負極端(duan)子對車輛電平(ping)(ping)臺的電壓(ya)(ya)，確定電壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值較大側(ce)。

步驟403：單(dan)獨閉合電壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值(zhi)較(jiao)大側的開(kai)關，基于(yu)預(yu)定(ding)的靜(jing)(jing)置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)測(ce)量電壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值(zhi)較(jiao)大側的端子(zi)對車輛電平臺(tai)的電壓(ya)(ya)，當判定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量值(zhi)較(jiao)大側的端子(zi)對車輛電平臺(tai)的電壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)時(shi)(shi)計算總靜(jing)(jing)置時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。

步驟404：基于總(zong)靜(jing)置時間和電壓(ya)(ya)測量(liang)(liang)值較大側的(de)已(yi)知測量(liang)(liang)電阻(zu)計算(suan)高壓(ya)(ya)系統y電容。

在(zai)一(yi)個實施方式中(zhong)，所述判定電壓(ya)(ya)測量值較大側的端子對車輛電平臺(tai)的電壓(ya)(ya)穩定包括(kuo)：

當相鄰兩次測(ce)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)、電壓測(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)較大(da)側的(de)(de)(de)端(duan)子對(dui)車輛(liang)電平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)電壓之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)值(zhi)(zhi)小于預定值(zhi)(zhi)時，判定電壓測(ce)量(liang)值(zhi)(zhi)較大(da)側的(de)(de)(de)端(duan)子對(dui)車輛(liang)電平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)電壓穩(wen)定。

在(zai)一個實(shi)施方(fang)式(shi)中(zhong)，該方(fang)法還包括：

計算高(gao)壓(ya)系統的最(zui)大允(yun)許(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容值，并將(jiang)高(gao)壓(ya)系統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容與所述最(zui)大允(yun)許(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容值進行比較，其中當高(gao)壓(ya)系統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容大于(yu)等于(yu)所述最(zui)大允(yun)許(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容值時，發出報警信息。

在(zai)一個實施方式中(zhong)，所述(shu)高壓(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的最大工作電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為u，所述(shu)最大允(yun)許電(dian)容值為cmax，其中(zhong)：

在一個(ge)實施方式中(zhong)，基于總靜置時間(jian)和電(dian)(dian)壓測量值較大側的(de)已知測量電(dian)(dian)阻計算高(gao)壓系統y電(dian)(dian)容包括：

計算高壓系統(tong)y電容c；

其中t2為(wei)總(zong)靜(jing)置時間(jian)；r為(wei)電壓(ya)測(ce)量(liang)值較大(da)側的已知測(ce)量(liang)電阻。

可以將(jiang)本(ben)發明(ming)實施方(fang)(fang)式(shi)提出的新能源(yuan)汽車(che)高壓系統y電(dian)容檢測(ce)方(fang)(fang)法應用到各種類型的電(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)中，包括(kuo)并不局限于：純電(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)、混合動(dong)(dong)力汽車(che)或燃料電(dian)池汽車(che)，等(deng)等(deng)。

綜上所述，在本(ben)發明實施(shi)方式中，第(di)(di)一(yi)已(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，與高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統正極端子(zi)的(de)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)；第(di)(di)二(er)已(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，與高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統負極端子(zi)的(de)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)；第(di)(di)一(yi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)，與第(di)(di)一(yi)已(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)串聯(lian)(lian)；第(di)(di)二(er)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)，與第(di)(di)二(er)已(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)串聯(lian)(lian)；計(ji)算模塊，用于當第(di)(di)一(yi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)和第(di)(di)二(er)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)都斷開(kai)(kai)時(shi)(shi)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統正極端子(zi)及高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統負極端子(zi)對車(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)值較(jiao)大(da)側(ce)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)值較(jiao)大(da)側(ce)的(de)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)被單(dan)獨閉合(he)后，基(ji)于預定的(de)靜置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)間測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)對車(che)輛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺(tai)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩定時(shi)(shi)計(ji)算總靜置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)間，基(ji)于總靜置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)間和已(yi)知測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)計(ji)算高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)。本(ben)發明可以(yi)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統y電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，而且y電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)超標(biao)時(shi)(shi)可以(yi)發出提醒，提高(gao)安全性(xing)。

另外(wai)，本發明還避免了(le)y電容對絕緣電阻檢測的(de)不利影(ying)響，從而(er)可以準確測量絕緣電阻值。

上文所列(lie)出的(de)(de)一系列(lie)的(de)(de)詳細說明(ming)僅僅是針對本發(fa)(fa)明(ming)的(de)(de)可行性實(shi)(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)具體說明(ming)，而并非用以(yi)限制(zhi)本發(fa)(fa)明(ming)的(de)(de)保(bao)護范(fan)圍，凡未脫離本發(fa)(fa)明(ming)技藝(yi)精(jing)神所作(zuo)的(de)(de)等效實(shi)(shi)施(shi)方(fang)案或變更，如特征的(de)(de)組合、分割或重復，均應包含在本發(fa)(fa)明(ming)的(de)(de)保(bao)護范(fan)圍之內。