本發明屬于機械制造測量用(yong)輔助裝(zhuang)置技(ji)術領域(yu)，具體(ti)涉(she)及一(yi)種錐(zhui)形(xing)結構中(zhong)心定位(wei)裝(zhuang)置及其使用(yong)方法。

背景技術：

在機械制造(zao)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，由于等邊(bian)梯(ti)形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)稱結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，具(ju)有很好的導向(xiang)性和中(zhong)心一(yi)(yi)致性，配件(jian)連接中(zhong)經常采用(yong)梯(ti)形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)。如鐵路貨車(che)制動梁支柱(zhu)與(yu)制動梁梁架連接采用(yong)錐形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，某(mou)種型號鐵路工程(cheng)作業車(che)的軸箱與(yu)軸箱牽引桿(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)間、構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)架與(yu)軸箱牽引桿(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)間、構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)架牽引桿(gan)與(yu)車(che)體之(zhi)(zhi)間的機構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)均采用(yong)錐形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)。但是(shi)(shi)，在生產現(xian)場對(dui)錐形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)中(zhong)心的確定一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個技術(shu)難(nan)題。

鐵路貨車制(zhi)動梁(liang)的生產中，需要(yao)對(dui)制(zhi)動梁(liang)支柱錐(zhui)(zhui)型槽中心至支柱孔中心的距(ju)離進(jin)行(xing)測量(liang)。在某種型號(hao)機車構(gou)架生產中，需要(yao)對(dui)各(ge)錐(zhui)(zhui)形槽之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的距(ju)離和(he)對(dui)角線(xian)差(cha)進(jin)行(xing)測量(liang)。目前(qian)，使(shi)用通用鉗工(gong)劃(hua)(hua)線(xian)工(gong)具對(dui)制(zhi)動梁(liang)支柱和(he)機車構(gou)架等錐(zhui)(zhui)形配件進(jin)行(xing)劃(hua)(hua)線(xian)測量(liang)，耗(hao)用時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)長(chang)，測量(liang)精度低。另(ling)外，購置自動的三坐(zuo)標測量(liang)機投入巨大，測量(liang)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)長(chang)，對(dui)測量(liang)的空間(jian)(jian)(jian)也有比較苛刻的要(yao)求，必(bi)須將配件放置在三坐(zuo)標測量(liang)機上(shang)。

技術實現要素：

本發明為解(jie)決采用目前(qian)的工具(ju)對錐形結構(gou)(gou)中心測(ce)量(liang)時(shi)測(ce)量(liang)精(jing)度低、測(ce)量(liang)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)長及對測(ce)量(liang)的空間(jian)(jian)要(yao)求比較苛刻(ke)的技術問題，提供(gong)了一種錐形結構(gou)(gou)中心定位(wei)裝置(zhi)及其(qi)使用方法。

本發(fa)明采用的技術方案如(ru)下(xia)：

一(yi)種錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)結構(gou)中心定(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，整體為一(yi)臺階形(xing)(xing)(xing)結構(gou)，包括錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)部分和中心平(ping)面部分，所述錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)部分包括上下(xia)兩個(ge)(ge)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)面，上下(xia)兩個(ge)(ge)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)面的(de)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)斜(xie)度(du)與測(ce)(ce)量(liang)配(pei)件錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)斜(xie)度(du)一(yi)致(zhi)，所述中心平(ping)面部分為一(yi)個(ge)(ge)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)平(ping)面，所述測(ce)(ce)量(liang)平(ping)面位(wei)(wei)于(yu)兩個(ge)(ge)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)面的(de)中心面上。

所述錐形(xing)定位部分為凸(tu)形(xing)或(huo)凹形(xing)結(jie)構(gou)。

一(yi)種錐形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的使用(yong)方法，具體步驟為：將(jiang)錐形(xing)(xing)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的錐形(xing)(xing)定位(wei)部(bu)分塞入被(bei)(bei)測量配(pei)(pei)件的錐形(xing)(xing)槽內，并保持連接密貼、不松動；以錐形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的測量平面為被(bei)(bei)測量配(pei)(pei)件錐形(xing)(xing)槽/凸臺的中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，對被(bei)(bei)測量配(pei)(pei)件進行定位(wei)或(huo)測量。

本發明的有益效果：

1. 本(ben)發(fa)明結構簡(jian)單，使用方便。

2. 采用(yong)本(ben)發明提高(gao)了中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)線的(de)(de)測(ce)量(liang)精(jing)度及(ji)效率，而且可以在任何位置使用(yong)本(ben)發明的(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)結構中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定位裝置測(ce)量(liang)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)結構中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。

3. 采用本發明解決了(le)技術工人因劃(hua)線技術水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)不同而造成的(de)(de)(de)中心線劃(hua)線精度(du)，使(shi)得劃(hua)線水(shui)平(ping)不隨工人技術水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)降低(di)而降低(di)，初級工人可以達到高級工人的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)。

附圖說明

圖1為本發明的結(jie)構(gou)示意(yi)圖；

圖中(zhong)：1-錐形定位部(bu)分，2-中(zhong)心(xin)平面部(bu)分。

具體實施方式

如圖1所示，一(yi)種錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)裝置(zhi)，整體為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)臺階形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)，包(bao)括錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)部分1和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)部分2，所述錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)部分包(bao)括上(shang)下(xia)兩個(ge)(ge)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)面(mian)(mian)，上(shang)下(xia)兩個(ge)(ge)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)面(mian)(mian)的(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)斜度(du)(du)與(yu)測量(liang)配件(jian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)斜度(du)(du)一(yi)致(zhi)，錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)部分的(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式與(yu)被測量(liang)配件(jian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式相配套。被測量(liang)配件(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)凹型結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)時，錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)裝置(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)凸型結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)；被測量(liang)配件(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)凸型結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)時，錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)裝置(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)凹型結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)。所述中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)部分2為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)測量(liang)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)，在錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)裝置(zhi)的(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)面(mian)(mian)制作出(chu)測量(liang)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)，此(ci)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)裝置(zhi)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)位(wei)置(zhi)。

由于被測(ce)量(liang)(liang)配件的(de)(de)結構特(te)點不同，錐形(xing)槽/凸臺(tai)與關(guan)聯(lian)部位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)空間位(wei)(wei)置的(de)(de)不同；根據被測(ce)量(liang)(liang)配件的(de)(de)結構特(te)點，可(ke)以將錐形(xing)結構中心定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝置的(de)(de)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)平面進行(xing)擴展，向(xiang)縱向(xiang)、橫向(xiang)或多(duo)個方(fang)向(xiang)進行(xing)延伸，以滿足(zu)對配件的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)和(he)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)。

本發明的定(ding)(ding)位原理：以兩錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)位面為(wei)基準，在任何空間位置下，借助錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)結(jie)構中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)定(ding)(ding)位裝置直接測(ce)量(liang)出錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)結(jie)構中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)線。

本發(fa)明(ming)的(de)使用：將錐(zhui)(zhui)形結構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)的(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)位(wei)(wei)部分(fen)塞入被(bei)(bei)測(ce)量配(pei)件(jian)的(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)形槽內，并保持連接密貼、不松動；此時(shi)，錐(zhui)(zhui)形結構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)與被(bei)(bei)測(ce)量配(pei)件(jian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形槽的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)合，錐(zhui)(zhui)形結構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)的(de)測(ce)量平(ping)面(mian)(mian)即為被(bei)(bei)測(ce)量配(pei)件(jian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形槽的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。以錐(zhui)(zhui)形結構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)的(de)測(ce)量平(ping)面(mian)(mian)為被(bei)(bei)測(ce)量配(pei)件(jian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形槽/凸臺的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，對(dui)被(bei)(bei)測(ce)量配(pei)件(jian)進(jin)行定(ding)位(wei)(wei)或測(ce)量。