本技術涉及(ji)清除或(huo)運(yun)走已(yi)采(cai)掘物(wu)料或(huo)矸石的(de)裝置,特別是涉及(ji)一種用(yong)于洞口(kou)有障礙的(de)隧道的(de)出土系統(tong)。
背景技術:
1、現代城市催(cui)生了許多對地(di)(di)下洞室的需(xu)求,包括地(di)(di)鐵(tie)、車站(zhan)、地(di)(di)下室、各種隧道等等。這些(xie)地(di)(di)下洞室埋藏淺(qian)且不宜明挖(wa)(明挖(wa)需(xu)要地(di)(di)面拆(chai)遷,成(cheng)本高),因此常用淺(qian)埋暗挖(wa)法進(jin)行施工。
2、采用淺埋暗(an)挖(wa)(wa)法挖(wa)(wa)隧(sui)道(dao),常見的(de)做法是先挖(wa)(wa)豎(shu)井,然(ran)后(hou)沿水平方向挖(wa)(wa)橫通(tong)道(dao),再垂直于橫通(tong)道(dao)挖(wa)(wa)出(chu)需要的(de)隧(sui)道(dao),挖(wa)(wa)出(chu)的(de)土(tu)沿著(zhu)橫通(tong)道(dao)以及豎(shu)井運到地面。挖(wa)(wa)掘過(guo)程中(zhong)先用超前小導管進行超前支護,然(ran)后(hou)挖(wa)(wa)一段并(bing)施工襯(chen)砌。且在隧(sui)道(dao)的(de)橫截面較大的(de)時候,為(wei)避免開挖(wa)(wa)過(guo)程中(zhong)出(chu)現危險(xian),通(tong)過(guo)挖(wa)(wa)掘多個(ge)平行的(de)導洞(dong)并(bing)分別施工襯(chen)砌,最后(hou)把這(zhe)些導洞(dong)合為(wei)一體(ti)。
3、很多隧道(dao)是(shi)另一個地(di)下洞室的(de)(de)配套結(jie)構,其一端連接在它對應的(de)(de)地(di)下洞室側壁上。如(ru)果這個地(di)下洞已經施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)完成且(qie)具有(you)出(chu)土的(de)(de)通道(dao),便(bian)可利用這個地(di)下洞室為起(qi)點施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)隧道(dao),從而不(bu)必額外挖掘豎井(jing)(jing)以(yi)及橫通道(dao)。典型的(de)(de)案(an)例是(shi)地(di)鐵站(zhan)的(de)(de)風(feng)道(dao),它所對應的(de)(de)地(di)鐵站(zhan)往(wang)往(wang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)更(geng)早,也更(geng)早投入使用,且(qie)地(di)鐵站(zhan)在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)時候(hou)是(shi)有(you)自己的(de)(de)豎井(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)。
4、但利用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)更早投入使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)現有地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)洞室為起點挖掘隧道(dao),存在(zai)一個難以避免的(de)(de)問題,這(zhe)個更早投入使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)洞室內往往有一些難以繞開的(de)(de)障礙,如果要去除的(de)(de)話,又會影響到(dao)地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)洞室的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)。比如本實用(yong)(yong)新型涉(she)及的(de)(de)風道(dao),它的(de)(de)端(duan)部位于(yu)地(di)鐵(tie)站的(de)(de)軌行(xing)區(地(di)鐵(tie)列車(che)經(jing)過的(de)(de)空間),軌行(xing)區擋在(zai)了風道(dao)的(de)(de)出(chu)土路線上(shang),挖出(chu)的(de)(de)土無法(fa)順利轉運,想要正(zheng)常施工(gong)需要把地(di)鐵(tie)停運。且(qie)這(zhe)個風道(dao)的(de)(de)位置還不能(neng)(neng)改到(dao)別處(chu),因為風道(dao)本身(shen)就是為列車(che)上(shang)的(de)(de)旅客服務的(de)(de)。這(zhe)種(zhong)情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)如果想要繼(ji)續施工(gong)的(de)(de)話,那就只能(neng)(neng)舍棄這(zhe)種(zhong)從地(di)鐵(tie)站開挖的(de)(de)方法(fa),另挖豎井以及橫通道(dao)進行(xing)施工(gong),導致施工(gong)成本上(shang)升且(qie)工(gong)期延長(chang)。
5、此(ci)外(wai),本(ben)實用新型涉及的一些易造成(cheng)誤解的術(shu)語的含(han)義如下:
6、仰拱(gong)(gong)(gong):隧道/導(dao)洞底部的襯砌,通常(chang)呈(cheng)倒拱(gong)(gong)(gong)狀(zhuang),但即(ji)使不是倒拱(gong)(gong)(gong)狀(zhuang),也被(bei)稱(cheng)作(zuo)仰拱(gong)(gong)(gong);
7、底(di)(di)板:地下洞室底(di)(di)部直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)與地層接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)的板;
8、中板:多(duo)層的地下洞室(shi)中,底板之(zhi)外的所有樓板的統稱,可以(yi)不(bu)只一層。
技術實現思路
1、本實用(yong)新型提供一種用(yong)于洞口有障礙(ai)的(de)隧道的(de)出土系統。
2、解決(jue)的(de)技術問題是:以現(xian)有地(di)下(xia)洞室(shi)為起(qi)點開挖隧道時,現(xian)有地(di)下(xia)洞室(shi)會對隧道出土(tu)形成干涉。
3、為解決上(shang)(shang)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技術問題(ti),本實用新型采(cai)用如下(xia)(xia)技術方案:一種用于(yu)洞(dong)口有障礙(ai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)隧(sui)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)土(tu)系統,用于(yu)施工從現(xian)有地(di)下(xia)(xia)洞(dong)室(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)外延(yan)伸的(de)(de)(de)(de)隧(sui)道(dao),所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)現(xian)有地(di)下(xia)(xia)洞(dong)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存在(zai)可以(yi)把地(di)下(xia)(xia)洞(dong)室(shi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)物體轉運到地(di)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉運通道(dao),以(yi)及(ji)擋在(zai)隧(sui)道(dao)出(chu)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)障礙(ai),所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)隧(sui)道(dao)采(cai)用多導洞(dong)淺(qian)埋暗挖法施工,開挖時的(de)(de)(de)(de)導洞(dong)包括三層(ceng)(ceng),各層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)自上(shang)(shang)而下(xia)(xia)分別記(ji)作上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)、下(xia)(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong);所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)現(xian)有地(di)下(xia)(xia)洞(dong)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)位(wei)于(yu)障礙(ai)上(shang)(shang)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)各中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)里位(wei)于(yu)最下(xia)(xia)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)記(ji)作防(fang)(fang)干(gan)(gan)涉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban),所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)防(fang)(fang)干(gan)(gan)涉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度低(di)于(yu)上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)仰拱(gong)并高于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)仰拱(gong);每一豎列的(de)(de)(de)(de)三個導洞(dong)設置一套(tao)出(chu)土(tu)系統,每套(tao)所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)土(tu)系統包括分別開設在(zai)上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)以(yi)及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)仰拱(gong)上(shang)(shang)并上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)對齊的(de)(de)(de)(de)吊洞(dong)、設置在(zai)上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)頂部的(de)(de)(de)(de)起重機(ji)、以(yi)及(ji)沿最下(xia)(xia)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)仰拱(gong)向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)延(yan)伸到防(fang)(fang)干(gan)(gan)涉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)溜斜坡(po)、以(yi)及(ji)自中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)導洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)仰拱(gong)向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)延(yan)伸到防(fang)(fang)干(gan)(gan)涉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爬升斜坡(po)。
4、進(jin)一步(bu),所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)現有地(di)(di)下洞室為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)鐵站(zhan),所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)隧道為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)鐵站(zhan)的(de)風道,所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)轉(zhuan)運通道為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)鐵站(zhan)的(de)豎井,所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)障(zhang)礙(ai)為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)鐵的(de)軌行區(qu)。
5、進一(yi)步,所(suo)述下溜斜坡(po)(po)包括從最下方的(de)(de)上層導洞(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)仰(yang)拱(gong)邊沿水(shui)平伸(shen)出到現(xian)有地下洞(dong)(dong)室(shi)中(zhong)且(qie)與(yu)仰(yang)拱(gong)固定連接的(de)(de)平臺板,以及自(zi)平臺板邊沿向(xiang)下延伸(shen)的(de)(de)坡(po)(po)道(dao),所(suo)述坡(po)(po)道(dao)的(de)(de)延伸(shen)方向(xiang)平行(xing)于馬頭門(men)所(suo)在的(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)室(shi)側壁(bi)設置。
6、進一步,所述平臺(tai)板與坡道(dao)均為表(biao)面錨固有防滑(hua)鋼板的(de)型鋼網格,所述坡道(dao)底(di)部間隔設(she)置(zhi)有支柱,所述平臺(tai)板與坡道(dao)的(de)臨邊位(wei)置(zhi)設(she)置(zhi)有護欄(lan)(lan),位(wei)于現有地下洞(dong)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)護欄(lan)(lan)底(di)部設(she)置(zhi)有用于防止土(tu)落下砸(za)傷現有地下洞(dong)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)人(ren)員的(de)擋土(tu)板。
7、進一(yi)步,所述(shu)爬升(sheng)斜坡(po)(po)為土(tu)坡(po)(po)或型鋼(gang)馬(ma)道,爬升(sheng)斜坡(po)(po)上(shang)鋪有(you)防滑(hua)鋼(gang)板或傳送帶。
8、進一步,所述(shu)吊洞一周設置有與仰拱(gong)固定連接(jie)、用(yong)于避免開設吊洞影響仰拱(gong)強度的型鋼方框。
9、進(jin)一(yi)步,所述起(qi)重機為(wei)設置(zhi)在龍門架上的電(dian)動(dong)葫蘆。
10、進一步,所述吊(diao)洞(dong)(dong)與爬升(sheng)斜(xie)坡(po)在(zai)垂直(zhi)于洞(dong)(dong)室(shi)側壁的方(fang)向上(shang)并排設(she)置(zhi)或位(wei)于爬升(sheng)斜(xie)坡(po)的坡(po)底(di),所述龍門架位(wei)于吊(diao)洞(dong)(dong)正上(shang)方(fang)。
11、本(ben)實用(yong)新型一種用(yong)于洞口有(you)障礙的隧道(dao)的出(chu)土系統(tong)與現有(you)技術相比,具有(you)如下有(you)益效果:
12、本實用(yong)新型中,通過用(yong)起重(zhong)機和斜坡(po)改(gai)變出土(tu)(tu)路線(xian),使運土(tu)(tu)的車輛能夠繞(rao)開隧道洞(dong)口的障礙進入現有(you)地(di)下洞(dong)室,從而在不影響現有(you)地(di)下洞(dong)室的運轉的前提下,順利將土(tu)(tu)運出。
1.一種(zhong)用于洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口有(you)(you)障(zhang)礙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隧(sui)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)土系(xi)(xi)統,用于施工(gong)從現(xian)有(you)(you)地下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)室(shi)向外延伸(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隧(sui)道(dao),所述(shu)(shu)現(xian)有(you)(you)地下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存在(zai)可以(yi)(yi)把地下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)體轉(zhuan)運(yun)到(dao)地面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)運(yun)通(tong)道(dao),以(yi)(yi)及擋在(zai)隧(sui)道(dao)出(chu)(chu)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)障(zhang)礙,所述(shu)(shu)隧(sui)道(dao)采用多導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)淺(qian)埋暗挖法(fa)施工(gong),開(kai)挖時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)包(bao)(bao)括三層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)自(zi)上(shang)而下分別記作上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(11)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(12)、下層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(13);所述(shu)(shu)現(xian)有(you)(you)地下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)位于障(zhang)礙上(shang)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)里位于最下方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)記作防干(gan)涉(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(3),所述(shu)(shu)防干(gan)涉(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(3)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度低于上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(11)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)并高(gao)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(12)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)拱(gong)(gong)(gong);其特(te)征在(zai)于:每一豎(shu)列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三個導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)設(she)(she)(she)置一套出(chu)(chu)土系(xi)(xi)統,每套所述(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)土系(xi)(xi)統包(bao)(bao)括分別開(kai)設(she)(she)(she)在(zai)上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(11)以(yi)(yi)及中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(12)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)并上(shang)下對齊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吊洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(4)、設(she)(she)(she)置在(zai)上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(11)頂部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起重(zhong)機(5)、以(yi)(yi)及沿最下方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(11)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)向下延伸(shen)(shen)到(dao)防干(gan)涉(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(3)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下溜斜坡(po)(6)、以(yi)(yi)及自(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(12)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)向上(shang)延伸(shen)(shen)到(dao)防干(gan)涉(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(3)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爬(pa)升斜坡(po)(7)。
2.根據權利要求1所(suo)述(shu)的一種用于(yu)洞口有障(zhang)礙的隧(sui)道的出土系統(tong),其(qi)特征(zheng)在于(yu):所(suo)述(shu)現有地(di)下洞室(shi)為地(di)鐵(tie)站,所(suo)述(shu)隧(sui)道為地(di)鐵(tie)站的風道,所(suo)述(shu)轉運通道為地(di)鐵(tie)站的豎井,所(suo)述(shu)障(zhang)礙為地(di)鐵(tie)的軌行區。
3.根據權利要求1所(suo)述的(de)(de)一種用于洞(dong)口有(you)障(zhang)礙的(de)(de)隧(sui)道的(de)(de)出(chu)土系統(tong),其特(te)征在于:所(suo)述下溜斜(xie)坡(6)包(bao)括從(cong)最下方(fang)的(de)(de)上層導洞(dong)(11)的(de)(de)仰(yang)拱(gong)邊(bian)沿水平(ping)(ping)伸(shen)(shen)出(chu)到現(xian)有(you)地下洞(dong)室中(zhong)且與仰(yang)拱(gong)固定(ding)連接的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)臺板(ban),以(yi)及自(zi)平(ping)(ping)臺板(ban)邊(bian)沿向下延伸(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)坡道,所(suo)述坡道的(de)(de)延伸(shen)(shen)方(fang)向平(ping)(ping)行(xing)于馬頭門所(suo)在的(de)(de)洞(dong)室側壁(2)設置。
4.根據權利要(yao)求(qiu)3所(suo)述(shu)的一(yi)種用于洞(dong)口有(you)障礙的隧道(dao)的出土系統,其特征在于:所(suo)述(shu)平臺板(ban)與(yu)坡(po)(po)道(dao)均為表面(mian)錨固有(you)防(fang)滑鋼(gang)板(ban)的型鋼(gang)網格,所(suo)述(shu)坡(po)(po)道(dao)底部(bu)(bu)間隔設置(zhi)有(you)支(zhi)柱(zhu),所(suo)述(shu)平臺板(ban)與(yu)坡(po)(po)道(dao)的臨邊位置(zhi)設置(zhi)有(you)護欄,位于現(xian)(xian)有(you)地下(xia)洞(dong)室內的護欄底部(bu)(bu)設置(zhi)有(you)用于防(fang)止土落(luo)下(xia)砸傷(shang)現(xian)(xian)有(you)地下(xia)洞(dong)室內的人(ren)員的擋土板(ban)。
5.根(gen)據權利(li)要求1所述的一種(zhong)用(yong)于洞(dong)口有(you)障(zhang)礙的隧道(dao)的出土系統(tong),其特征(zheng)在于:所述爬升斜(xie)坡(7)為(wei)土坡或(huo)型鋼(gang)馬道(dao),爬升斜(xie)坡(7)上鋪有(you)防滑鋼(gang)板或(huo)傳送帶。
6.根據權利(li)要求1所述的一(yi)(yi)種用于(yu)(yu)洞口有障(zhang)礙的隧(sui)道的出土(tu)系(xi)統,其(qi)特征在于(yu)(yu):所述吊洞(4)一(yi)(yi)周(zhou)設(she)置有與仰拱固定連(lian)接、用于(yu)(yu)避免開(kai)設(she)吊洞(4)影響仰拱強度(du)的型鋼方框。
7.根(gen)據權利要求1所(suo)述(shu)的一種用于(yu)洞(dong)口有障(zhang)礙(ai)的隧(sui)道(dao)的出土系統(tong),其特征在于(yu):所(suo)述(shu)起(qi)重機(5)為設(she)置在龍門架上的電動葫蘆(lu)。
8.根據(ju)權利要求7所(suo)述的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)用于(yu)洞(dong)口有障礙的(de)隧(sui)道(dao)的(de)出土系統,其特(te)征在(zai)于(yu):所(suo)述吊洞(dong)(4)與爬升斜坡(7)在(zai)垂直(zhi)于(yu)洞(dong)室側壁(2)的(de)方向(xiang)上并(bing)排設置或位于(yu)爬升斜坡(7)的(de)坡底,所(suo)述龍(long)門(men)架位于(yu)吊洞(dong)(4)正上方。