本發明涉及一(yi)種硝(xiao)基漆(qi)噴涂廢(fei)氣治理裝(zhuang)置,屬于VOCs廢(fei)氣處理凈化領域。
背景技術:
噴涂(tu)是家(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)制造行業最重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)工藝(yi)之一,在(zai)很(hen)大(da)(da)程度上決定(ding)了家(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)制品的(de)(de)(de)(de)外觀、色彩、質(zhi)量(liang)、檔(dang)次與(yu)價值。常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)種類有硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、聚氨酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、不(bu)飽(bao)和聚酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、光敏漆(qi)(qi)(qi)。現(xian)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)較為(wei)(wei)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)環保型油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)聚氨酯油漆(qi)(qi)(qi),但是美(mei)國(guo)人喜愛硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)感,至(zhi)今(jin)大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)美(mei)式家(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)仍用(yong)(yong)硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi),故(gu)近年出口美(mei)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)幾乎(hu)底面漆(qi)(qi)(qi)全部(bu)采用(yong)(yong)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)。而(er)日本的(de)(de)(de)(de)手工制作家(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)與(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)臺灣的(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)涂(tu)裝硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)仍占很(hen)大(da)(da)比(bi)例。硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)也稱硝(xiao)酸纖維(wei)素(su)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、拉克漆(qi)(qi)(qi),其主要成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)膜物質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)硝(xiao)化(hua)棉,它(ta)多(duo)由棉花用(yong)(yong)硝(xiao)酸硝(xiao)化(hua)制成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),化(hua)學(xue)上稱硝(xiao)酸纖維(wei)素(su)酯。將(jiang)硝(xiao)化(hua)棉與(yu)其他合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樹脂(zhi)(如醇(chun)酸樹脂(zhi)、松香樹脂(zhi)等)溶(rong)于(yu)(yu)酯、酮、醇(chun)、苯等混(hun)合(he)溶(rong)劑中(zhong)即成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi),將(jiang)其涂(tu)于(yu)(yu)木(mu)(mu)材(cai)表面,待(dai)溶(rong)劑揮發(fa)(fa)便可(ke)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)膜。此類涂(tu)料施工以后的(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)劑揮發(fa)(fa)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)三個(ge)階(jie)段,即濕階(jie)段、干階(jie)段和過渡階(jie)段。由于(yu)(yu)木(mu)(mu)材(cai)纖維(wei)中(zhong)含(han)纖維(wei)素(su),與(yu)硝(xiao)化(hua)棉結構類似,故(gu)硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)木(mu)(mu)材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兼容性(xing)優(you)良,即使涂(tu)飾多(duo)遍(bian)仍能(neng)顯(xian)現(xian)素(su)材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)質(zhi)感。
木(mu)家(jia)具(ju)制造過程(cheng)中(zhong)使用的硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)類(lei)(lei)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是典型(xing)(xing)的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)揮(hui)發性再溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao),具(ju)有快干性能,依靠(kao)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)揮(hui)發形(xing)成連(lian)續漆(qi)(qi)膜(mo),涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)調漆(qi)(qi)、噴涂(tu)(tu)、干燥(zao)及設備(bei)清洗4個階(jie)段(duan)已基(ji)(ji)本揮(hui)發完畢,因此,木(mu)家(jia)具(ju)硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)涂(tu)(tu)飾車間VOCs主要源于涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)有機成分的揮(hui)發。硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)漆(qi)(qi)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)的固體溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)質所占比重在(zai)(zai)18%~30%,平(ping)均水平(ping)在(zai)(zai)25%左(zuo)右,其(qi)它類(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)質所占比重在(zai)(zai)45%左(zuo)右,硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)使用過程(cheng)中(zhong)單(dan)位體積所排(pai)放的VOCs是溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)品種(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)最高的,屬重污(wu)(wu)染的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)品種(zhong)(zhong)。噴涂(tu)(tu)過程(cheng)中(zhong)產生大量的有機廢(fei)氣;在(zai)(zai)濕階(jie)段(duan),溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)揮(hui)發與簡單(dan)的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)混合物蒸發行為類(lei)(lei)似(si),溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)自由表(biao)面(mian)大量地揮(hui)發,家(jia)具(ju)制造企業(ye)的傳統做法是,用初效(xiao)過濾棉過濾后直(zhi)排(pai),將(jiang)粉(fen)塵和廢(fei)氣直(zhi)接(jie)排(pai)放到廠房外,對(dui)周邊(bian)環境造成污(wu)(wu)染,對(dui)附近居民的健康造成不(bu)利影(ying)響。油(you)漆(qi)(qi)粉(fen)塵排(pai)到廠房外,沉(chen)積在(zai)(zai)廠房頂部(bu),容易引發火災事(shi)故(gu)。
硝基漆涂(tu)料(liao)在(zai)實際(ji)應用中會有(you)不(bu)同的品(pin)種和(he)品(pin)牌(pai),加入不(bu)同輔(fu)劑,成分較為復雜,但一般均加入天(tian)拿(na)水,松香水,形成的混(hun)合涂(tu)料(liao)主要組份(fen)為醋酸丁(ding)(ding)酯(乙酯、戊酯)、丙酮(tong)、丁(ding)(ding)酮(tong)、乙醇、丁(ding)(ding)醇、二丙酮(tong)醇、甲苯、苯,其排(pai)(pai)放VOCs主要為乙酸仲丁(ding)(ding)酯、甲苯二甲苯。總排(pai)(pai)放濃度(TVOC)一般均屬于中低水平。
在(zai)鋸(ju)切、刨削、噴(pen)涂生(sheng)產(chan)工序中,都會產(chan)生(sheng)大量的(de)粉塵(chen)。噴(pen)涂產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)主要(yao)粉塵(chen)為漆塵(chen),涂料在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)過程中加入著色劑有:中鉻(ge)黃、深鉻(ge)黃、檸(ning)檬黃、鉬鉻(ge)紅、鎘紅,助劑:如環烷酸(suan)鉛(qian)(qian)、異辛(xin)酸(suan)鉛(qian)(qian)催干(gan)劑,樹脂合(he)成時(shi)醇解階段(duan)使(shi)用(yong)氧化鉛(qian)(qian),會在(zai)沉(chen)降的(de)過程中產(chan)生(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)金(jin)屬粉塵(chen),嚴重(zhong)(zhong)危害身(shen)體健康。由(you)于(yu)硝基漆固(gu)體成分偏少,其(qi)粉塵(chen)含(han)量較(jiao)低(di),粒徑較(jiao)小。
目前國內(nei)大(da)型(xing)家(jia)具(ju)企業(ye)均(jun)采用噴涂流水生(sheng)產(chan)線,油漆主要采用油性快干(gan)漆,生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程產(chan)生(sheng)大(da)量的漆塵和(he)有機(ji)廢氣,因此該類家(jia)具(ju)生(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)均(jun)有環保治理的迫切需求。
技術實現要素:
本(ben)發明針對(dui)現有硝基漆(qi)噴涂廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)治理過程中的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)吸附(fu)催(cui)化(hua)燃(ran)燒活性炭(tan)易(yi)堵塞(sai),催(cui)化(hua)燃(ran)燒器催(cui)化(hua)劑(ji)易(yi)中毒(du),活性炭(tan)易(yi)起(qi)火的(de)(de)(de)問題,提供一(yi)種解決美式家具(ju)企(qi)業內噴涂工藝(yi)中產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)有機廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)與漆(qi)塵,補充(chong)新鮮(xian)空氣(qi)(qi),大(da)大(da)改善惡劣的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)硝基漆(qi)噴涂廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)治理裝(zhuang)置。
本發明(ming)為解決該類(lei)問(wen)題提供如下的技術方案與(yu)裝置:
一(yi)種硝基(ji)漆噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi)治(zhi)理裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),包括漆霧(wu)(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)轉攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)、VOCs吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)燃(ran)燒催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)引風機(ji),所述(shu)漆霧(wu)(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)轉攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的出(chu)風口通(tong)過管路(lu)與VOCs吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)燃(ran)燒催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的進口連通(tong),所述(shu)VOCs吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)燃(ran)燒催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的出(chu)口通(tong)過管路(lu)與引風機(ji)連通(tong)。噴(pen)槍(qiang)在(zai)噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)過程中產生的廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi)中包括液態漆霧(wu)(wu)(wu)與固態漆塵,經漆霧(wu)(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)轉攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)處理后(hou),除掉(diao)對吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)燃(ran)燒有(you)害(hai)的液態漆霧(wu)(wu)(wu)以及導致活(huo)性(xing)炭堵塞、催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)中毒的漆塵。然后(hou)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)后(hou)廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi)進入VOCs吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)燃(ran)燒催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),將低濃(nong)度的VOCs廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi),通(tong)過活(huo)性(xing)炭吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)解析成高(gao)濃(nong)度有(you)機(ji)廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi),并進行催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)燃(ran)燒反應,將VOCs轉化(hua)(hua)為H2O,CO2等(deng)無害(hai)物,經引風機(ji)煙囪排空。
所述漆(qi)霧旋轉攔(lan)截(jie)(jie)裝置從進風口到出風口依(yi)次包括輪輻式攔(lan)截(jie)(jie)裝置和(he)固定式旋流板。
所述漆(qi)霧(wu)旋轉攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)進風口設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)至少一層過濾(lv)未揮(hui)發液(ye)(ye)態(tai)漆(qi)霧(wu)的(de)初效(xiao)過濾(lv)棉(mian)。然后廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)通(tong)過輪(lun)輻式(shi)攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),旋轉的(de)過程中動態(tai)攔截中等大小的(de)液(ye)(ye)態(tai)漆(qi)霧(wu),廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)通(tong)過旋流(liu)板,較小液(ye)(ye)態(tai)漆(qi)霧(wu)沿(yan)旋流(liu)板的(de)切面離心運動凝并成較大的(de)液(ye)(ye)滴,沿(yan)桶壁(bi)落下來。
所(suo)述(shu)VOCs吸(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)催化(hua)(hua)裝置從進口(kou)到出口(kou)依次設有吸(xi)(xi)附材料層和VOCs催化(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)器。VOCs催化(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)器將(jiang)VOCs廢氣氧化(hua)(hua)成二氧化(hua)(hua)碳和水,所(suo)產生的高溫(wen)氣體通過VOCs吸(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)催化(hua)(hua)裝置內的補冷風機降低到110℃至120℃,用來熱脫附活性(xing)炭(tan)。
相鄰所(suo)述吸附(fu)材料(liao)層之間(jian)設有(you)金屬(shu)填充(chong)網。所(suo)述吸附(fu)材料(liao)層蜂(feng)窩狀(zhuang)活性(xing)炭。所(suo)選吸附(fu)材料(liao)為(wei)蜂(feng)窩狀(zhuang)活性(xing)炭,燃(ran)點(dian)相對較高,防止(zhi)起火。相鄰蜂(feng)窩狀(zhuang)活性(xing)炭之間(jian)設有(you)大(da)孔隙(xi)的金屬(shu)填充(chong)網,防止(zhi)活性(xing)炭層間(jian)發生堵塞,脫附(fu)時氣流不(bu)暢而引發火災(zai)。
所(suo)述漆(qi)霧旋(xuan)轉攔(lan)截裝置與VOCs吸(xi)附燃燒(shao)催(cui)化裝置之間的(de)(de)(de)管路上還設有(you)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi),所(suo)述濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)口(kou)與漆(qi)霧旋(xuan)轉攔(lan)截裝置的(de)(de)(de)出風口(kou)連(lian)通,所(suo)述濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)出口(kou)與VOCs吸(xi)附燃燒(shao)催(cui)化裝置的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)口(kou)連(lian)通。濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)細微(wei)漆(qi)塵(chen)攔(lan)截效率達(da)99.9%,有(you)效解決粉(fen)塵(chen)堵(du)塞活(huo)性炭、催(cui)化燃燒(shao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)催(cui)化劑中(zhong)毒的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)為帶自動(dong)反吹清灰(hui)功能的(de)(de)(de)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi),在粉(fen)塵(chen)量大(da)、連(lian)續長期(qi)工作的(de)(de)(de)流水線(xian)中(zhong),只(zhi)需每天下班(ban)安排(pai)操作工人將收集的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)清理出去進(jin)行專業處(chu)理,從而使粉(fen)塵(chen)不再(zai)污(wu)染周邊(bian)環(huan)境,防止火災危害。
包括新風機(ji),所(suo)述新風機(ji)的(de)出(chu)風孔設置(zhi)在噴漆房(fang)操(cao)作工(gong)人的(de)后上(shang)方(fang),使得新風機(ji)的(de)出(chu)風孔吹出(chu)的(de)風從上(shang)方(fang)吹向操(cao)作工(gong)位。
所述新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機包括換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi),所述VOCs吸附(fu)燃(ran)燒催化裝置的出口(kou)(kou)通過(guo)三通閥和管路(lu)分別與換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的進(jin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)和引(yin)(yin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機進(jin)口(kou)(kou)連(lian)接,所述換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的出風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)通過(guo)管路(lu)與引(yin)(yin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機進(jin)口(kou)(kou);催化燃(ran)燒產生的熱(re)(re)量(liang)用(yong)于熱(re)(re)脫附(fu)外,多余(yu)余(yu)熱(re)(re)在(zai)(zai)氣溫(wen)較低(di)時經三通閥控(kong)制導入換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)。新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機的出風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)孔在(zai)(zai)操(cao)作(zuo)工(gong)(gong)位后上方形成正壓(ya)(ya)區,在(zai)(zai)操(cao)作(zuo)工(gong)(gong)位下前方由引(yin)(yin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機形成負壓(ya)(ya)區,保(bao)證操(cao)作(zuo)工(gong)(gong)位空氣的新(xin)鮮(xian)不被污(wu)染(ran)。在(zai)(zai)氣溫(wen)較低(di)時新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)由換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)進(jin)行預熱(re)(re),保(bao)證噴漆(qi)房(fang)內(nei)事宜的操(cao)作(zuo)溫(wen)度(du),也(ye)有利于成膜(mo);給操(cao)作(zuo)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)一個好(hao)的工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境,防(fang)止職業(ye)病。
綜上所述,本發明(ming)解決了美式家具企業內(nei)噴(pen)涂工藝中產生的(de)大(da)(da)量的(de)有機廢氣與漆(qi)塵,同時(shi)補充了新鮮空(kong)氣,大(da)(da)大(da)(da)改善惡劣(lie)的(de)工作(zuo)環(huan)境。
附圖說明
圖1為本發(fa)明的結構(gou)示意圖。
圖(tu)(tu)2為本發明漆霧旋轉攔(lan)截裝(zhuang)置的結構示意圖(tu)(tu)。
圖(tu)3為(wei)本發明漆(qi)霧旋轉攔(lan)截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)中的輪輻式(shi)攔(lan)截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的結構示意圖(tu)。
圖4為本發明(ming)漆霧旋轉攔截裝置中(zhong)旋流(liu)板的結構示意圖。
附圖中(zhong),1、漆霧旋轉(zhuan)攔(lan)截裝置,2、濾筒除(chu)塵器(qi),3、VOCs吸附燃(ran)燒催(cui)化裝置,4、三通閥,5、換熱器(qi),6、新風機(ji),7、引(yin)風機(ji),11、初效過濾棉,12、輪輻式攔(lan)截裝置,13、電機(ji),14、旋流板。
具體實施方式
以(yi)下實施例旨(zhi)在進一步說(shuo)明(ming)本發明(ming)內容,而不是限制(zhi)本發明(ming)權利(li)要(yao)求的保(bao)護范圍。
一種硝基漆(qi)噴(pen)涂廢氣(qi)治(zhi)理(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),包(bao)括(kuo)漆(qi)霧(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)1、VOCs吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)3、濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)2和引風(feng)機7,所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)漆(qi)霧(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)1的(de)出風(feng)口(kou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過管(guan)路(lu)與所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)2的(de)進(jin)口(kou)連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong),所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)2的(de)出口(kou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過管(guan)路(lu)與VOCs吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)3的(de)進(jin)口(kou)連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong),所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)VOCs吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)3的(de)出口(kou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過管(guan)路(lu)與引風(feng)機7連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong),噴(pen)槍在噴(pen)涂過程中產生的(de)廢氣(qi)中包(bao)括(kuo)液態(tai)漆(qi)霧(wu)(wu)與固態(tai)漆(qi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),經漆(qi)霧(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)處(chu)理(li)后,除(chu)(chu)掉對(dui)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)(shao)有害(hai)的(de)液態(tai)漆(qi)霧(wu)(wu)以及(ji)導(dao)致(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性炭堵(du)塞、催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑中毒的(de)漆(qi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。然后凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)后廢氣(qi)進(jin)入VOCs吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),將(jiang)低濃度的(de)VOCs廢氣(qi),通(tong)(tong)(tong)過活(huo)(huo)性炭吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附解(jie)析成(cheng)高濃度有機廢氣(qi),并(bing)進(jin)行(xing)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)(shao)反(fan)(fan)應,將(jiang)VOCs轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)H2O,CO2等無害(hai)物,經引風(feng)機煙(yan)囪排空,所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)漆(qi)霧(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)與VOCs吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附燃燒(shao)(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)之間的(de)管(guan)路(lu)上還設有濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi),濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)細微漆(qi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)效率達(da)99.9%,有效解(jie)決粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)堵(du)塞活(huo)(huo)性炭、催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)(shao)器(qi)(qi)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑中毒的(de)問題。濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)帶自動反(fan)(fan)吹清灰功能的(de)濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi),在粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)量大、連(lian)續長期工作的(de)流水線中,只(zhi)需(xu)每(mei)天(tian)下班安排操作工人將(jiang)收集的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)清理(li)出去進(jin)行(xing)專(zhuan)業處(chu)理(li),從而使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不再污染周邊環境,防止(zhi)火災危害(hai)。
所述漆霧旋轉攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)從(cong)進(jin)風口(kou)到(dao)出風口(kou)依(yi)次(ci)包括初效過(guo)(guo)濾棉11、輪輻式(shi)(shi)攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)12和(he)固定式(shi)(shi)旋流(liu)板14,所述輪輻式(shi)(shi)攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)12通過(guo)(guo)電機帶動旋轉,所述輪輻式(shi)(shi)攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)12中(zhong)的輪輻為不銹鋼(gang)精線。廢氣(qi)通過(guo)(guo)輪輻式(shi)(shi)攔截裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),旋轉的過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)動態(tai)攔截中(zhong)等大小的液(ye)態(tai)漆霧,廢氣(qi)通過(guo)(guo)旋流(liu)板,較小液(ye)態(tai)漆霧沿(yan)旋流(liu)板的切面(mian)離心運動凝并成較大的液(ye)滴,沿(yan)桶壁落下來。
所(suo)述VOCs吸附(fu)燃燒(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)3從進口(kou)到(dao)出口(kou)依(yi)次設(she)有吸附(fu)材料層(ceng)和(he)VOCs催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)器。VOCs催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)燃燒(shao)器將VOCs廢氣氧化(hua)(hua)成二氧化(hua)(hua)碳和(he)水,所(suo)產生的(de)高溫氣體通過VOCs吸附(fu)燃燒(shao)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)內的(de)補冷風機降低(di)到(dao)110℃至120℃,用來熱脫附(fu)活性炭(tan)。
所(suo)述(shu)吸(xi)附材料(liao)層(ceng)蜂(feng)(feng)窩(wo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)活(huo)(huo)性炭。所(suo)選吸(xi)附材料(liao)為蜂(feng)(feng)窩(wo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)活(huo)(huo)性炭,燃點相對較高,防(fang)止(zhi)起火。相鄰蜂(feng)(feng)窩(wo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)活(huo)(huo)性炭之間(jian)設有大孔隙(xi)的金屬填充(chong)網,防(fang)止(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性炭層(ceng)間(jian)發生堵塞,脫附時氣流不(bu)暢而(er)引發火災。
作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為本裝置的一種實施方(fang)式(shi),還包(bao)括新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機6,所述新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機6的出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)孔設置在(zai)(zai)(zai)噴漆房(fang)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)人(ren)的后(hou)上方(fang),使得新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機的出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)孔吹(chui)(chui)出(chu)的風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)從上方(fang)吹(chui)(chui)向操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)位(wei)。所述新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機包(bao)括換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)5,所述VOCs吸(xi)附(fu)燃燒催(cui)化裝置3的出(chu)口(kou)通(tong)(tong)過三通(tong)(tong)閥4和管(guan)(guan)路分(fen)別與換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)5的進風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)和引風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機進口(kou)連接,所述換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)5的出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)通(tong)(tong)過管(guan)(guan)路與引風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機進口(kou);催(cui)化燃燒產生的熱(re)(re)量用(yong)于熱(re)(re)脫附(fu)外,多余余熱(re)(re)在(zai)(zai)(zai)氣溫較低時經三通(tong)(tong)閥4控制導(dao)入換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)。新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機的出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)孔在(zai)(zai)(zai)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)位(wei)后(hou)上方(fang)形(xing)成(cheng)正(zheng)壓區(qu),在(zai)(zai)(zai)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)位(wei)下前方(fang)由(you)引風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機形(xing)成(cheng)負壓區(qu),保證操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)位(wei)空氣的新(xin)鮮不被污染(ran)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)氣溫較低時新(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)由(you)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)進行預熱(re)(re),保證噴漆房(fang)內事(shi)宜的操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)溫度(du),也有利于成(cheng)膜;給操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)人(ren)一個好的工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)環(huan)境,防止職業病(bing)。
實施例1
本(ben)案例在某(mou)美式家(jia)具(ju)廠內(nei)實施,一種(zhong)硝基(ji)漆噴涂(tu)廢氣(qi)治理裝置的(de)具(ju)體流程如(ru)下:
噴(pen)槍噴(pen)出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),一部分直(zhi)(zhi)接覆木質家(jia)具上成(cheng)膜(mo),成(cheng)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)濕階段(duan)有機(ji)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)70%會(hui)(hui)揮(hui)發成(cheng)為(wei)VOCs,20%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有機(ji)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)在(zai)低溫(wen)烘干的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)渡階段(duan)和干燥階段(duan)揮(hui)發成(cheng)為(wei)VOCs。10%以內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有機(ji)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)在(zai)較長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間內固結在(zai)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)內;余下部分直(zhi)(zhi)接散落在(zai)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),這(zhe)些污染物構成(cheng)了噴(pen)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)房內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。該(gai)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)包(bao)含(han)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)滴(di)(di)(di),VOCs,漆(qi)(qi)(qi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen);VOCs進入VOCs吸附(fu)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)催化(hua)(hua)裝置(zhi)前濃(nong)度(du)為(wei)270~320mg/m3,漆(qi)(qi)(qi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度(du)在(zai)400~450mg/m3。液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di)式漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)經過(guo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)轉攔(lan)截(jie)裝置(zhi)1表面外掛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)棉將大液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)攔(lan)截(jie)吸附(fu);廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)通過(guo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)轉攔(lan)截(jie)裝置(zhi)1中(zhong)(zhong)輪輻式攔(lan)截(jie)裝置(zhi),攔(lan)截(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)等大小漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di);廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)通過(guo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)旋(xuan)轉攔(lan)截(jie)裝置(zhi)1中(zhong)(zhong)固定式旋(xuan)流板(ban),小漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di)隨氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流沿(yan)旋(xuan)流板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)葉片(pian)旋(xuan)流離心(xin)凝并(bing)成(cheng)較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di),在(zai)離心(xin)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用下甩向筒(tong)壁(bi),液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di)形(xing)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)被高效攔(lan)截(jie)與(yu)吸附(fu),不會(hui)(hui)進入到(dao)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)2內,有效防止濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)2堵塞。除掉(diao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)液(ye)(ye)滴(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進入濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)2,濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)表面覆PTFE膜(mo),攔(lan)截(jie)硝基漆(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)固體份,包(bao)括硝化(hua)(hua)棉、合(he)成(cheng)樹脂、增塑(su)劑(ji)(ji)、染料(liao)(liao)或(huo)顏料(liao)(liao),效率(lv)可達(da)99.9%。除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)經管道進入VOCs吸附(fu)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)催化(hua)(hua)裝置(zhi)3,經活性炭吸附(fu)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體,由(you)引風機(ji)直(zhi)(zhi)接排空。
VOCs吸附(fu)燃燒催化裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)3的(de)(de)VOCs催化裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)中催化燃燒的(de)(de)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)熱量先通(tong)過系統內(nei)的(de)(de)換熱器用來維(wei)持催化燃燒平衡(heng)及熱脫(tuo)附(fu)活性炭(tan)(tan)所需,脫(tuo)附(fu)溫度(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)105℃至120℃之間。在(zai)(zai)(zai)室(shi)內(nei)氣溫高(gao)于(yu)(yu)15℃時,由引(yin)風(feng)機7排空(kong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)室(shi)內(nei)氣溫低于(yu)(yu)15℃時,含余熱的(de)(de)氣體通(tong)過三通(tong)閥4利(li)(li)用換熱器5加熱新(xin)風(feng),提(ti)高(gao)噴漆(qi)(qi)房內(nei)氣溫。所用吸附(fu)材料層為(wei)蜂(feng)窩(wo)狀活性炭(tan)(tan),蜂(feng)窩(wo)狀活性炭(tan)(tan)為(wei)某(mou)環保公(gong)司(si)規格為(wei)100*100*100mm,防水,燃點在(zai)(zai)(zai)160℃以(yi)上,空(kong)塔流(liu)速1m/min,蜂(feng)窩(wo)狀活性炭(tan)(tan)設有(you)五(wu)層;相(xiang)鄰蜂(feng)窩(wo)狀活性炭(tan)(tan)之間用方形(xing)鋼板的(de)(de)填充網隔開,填充網厚度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)8mm,孔(kong)大(da)下為(wei)50*50mm,防止活性炭(tan)(tan)界面間發生(sheng)堵塞,而導(dao)致熱量集聚發生(sheng)火(huo)災。新(xin)風(feng)機6在(zai)(zai)(zai)工作時連續運行,由外界向室(shi)內(nei)補充新(xin)風(feng),通(tong)過換熱器5調節(jie)新(xin)風(feng)溫度(du)(du)(du),使(shi)室(shi)內(nei)溫度(du)(du)(du)維(wei)持在(zai)(zai)(zai)適合油(you)漆(qi)(qi)成膜(mo)的(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)(du)區間。由于(yu)(yu)濕階段溶劑(ji)大(da)量迅速揮發,表面溶劑(ji)蒸氣達到飽和,此時提(ti)高(gao)空(kong)氣流(liu)速有(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)涂膜(mo)的(de)(de)表干。在(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)風(feng)正壓和引(yin)風(feng)機負壓的(de)(de)作用下,保持合理的(de)(de)流(liu)速以(yi)利(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)成膜(mo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)室(shi)內(nei)氣溫較低時候(hou),提(ti)高(gao)溫度(du)(du)(du)使(shi)涂膜(mo)中溶劑(ji)擴散(san)性增加,有(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)實干和降低溶劑(ji)保留率。
經該(gai)套廢氣(qi)治(zhi)理凈(jing)化系(xi)統處理后,排放氣(qi)體(ti)中(zhong)的漆塵(chen)濃(nong)度(du)小于(yu)(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)2mg/m3,VOCs濃(nong)度(du)小于(yu)(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)2.6mg/m3,符合排放要求,高效(xiao)達標排放。