本發明(ming)涉(she)及汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)懸架裝置,尤(you)其涉(she)及一種汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)懸架減(jian)震器。
背景技術:
1、隨(sui)著汽(qi)(qi)車(che)應用(yong)越(yue)來越(yue)普及,汽(qi)(qi)車(che)的舒(shu)適性越(yue)來越(yue)受到(dao)重視,汽(qi)(qi)車(che)行駛過程中(zhong),車(che)身(shen)懸架減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)是(shi)重要運動支撐部件(jian),減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)阻(zu)尼機構性能對減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)效果(guo)有重要影響,開發設計兼具減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)和饋能功能的減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)器(qi),具有重要意義。
2、車(che)身懸架減震(zhen)(zhen)器現(xian)有(you)技術(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般采用彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)減震(zhen)(zhen),阻尼(ni)方式有(you)氣體(ti)微通(tong)道(dao)(dao)﹑液體(ti)微通(tong)道(dao)(dao)﹑電(dian)(dian)磁感應旋轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)饋能﹑電(dian)(dian)動(dong)控(kong)制彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)壓縮量改變壓力等方式;例如,現(xian)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中國發(fa)明專利(申請號(hao):cn201811471954.5)公開(kai)了一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)饋能式減震(zhen)(zhen)器,涉(she)及汽車(che)零部(bu)(bu)件技術(shu)領域。缸體(ti)內壁與(yu)活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)體(ti)徑(jing)向表面為間(jian)隙(xi)配合(he),活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)端面設(she)有(you)活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)桿(gan),該活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)桿(gan)穿過(guo)下(xia)(xia)蓋板中心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)孔與(yu)下(xia)(xia)吊環固定(ding)(ding);上蓋板的(de)(de)(de)(de)底面垂(chui)直設(she)置(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)對軸承(cheng)座,主(zhu)軸的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)端和(he)中部(bu)(bu)通(tong)過(guo)深溝球軸承(cheng)分(fen)別與(yu)軸承(cheng)座固定(ding)(ding),另一(yi)(yi)(yi)端穿過(guo)缸體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)側壁并通(tong)過(guo)聯軸器與(yu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸入軸連(lian)(lian)接;超(chao)(chao)越離合(he)器一(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)超(chao)(chao)越離合(he)器二的(de)(de)(de)(de)內圈通(tong)過(guo)鍵配合(he)并列與(yu)主(zhu)軸固定(ding)(ding),超(chao)(chao)越離合(he)器一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圈與(yu)水(shui)(shui)平連(lian)(lian)桿(gan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)端固定(ding)(ding),超(chao)(chao)越離合(he)器二的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圈與(yu)水(shui)(shui)平連(lian)(lian)桿(gan)二的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)端固定(ding)(ding)。下(xia)(xia)連(lian)(lian)桿(gan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、下(xia)(xia)連(lian)(lian)桿(gan)二的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)部(bu)(bu)均套(tao)有(you)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang),彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上、下(xia)(xia)兩端分(fen)別與(yu)中間(jian)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)表面、活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上端面接觸。
3、通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)磁感應(ying)旋轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)饋能(neng)的(de)方式存(cun)在動(dong)能(neng)轉換﹑軸承燒(shao)結(jie)等問題;通(tong)過傳感器(qi)實時改變減(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)力自動(dong)控制方式電(dian)(dian)氣結(jie)構復雜;有鑒于此,現(xian)提(ti)供一種增程(cheng)式圓柱形直(zhi)線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)饋能(neng)汽車懸架減(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)器(qi),直(zhi)接(jie)將減(jian)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)伸縮(suo)桿上下震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)的(de)能(neng)量轉換為豎(shu)(shu)直(zhi)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)直(zhi)線發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)感應(ying)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian),同時產生阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)力,無(wu)需將豎(shu)(shu)直(zhi)運(yun)動(dong)能(neng)量轉換為圓周運(yun)動(dong)能(neng)量,通(tong)過直(zhi)線增程(cheng)結(jie)構,提(ti)升阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)力,提(ti)高發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)量,體積小。
4、公開于該背景技術(shu)部分(fen)的(de)信息(xi)僅僅旨在(zai)增加對本發(fa)明的(de)總(zong)體背景的(de)理解,而不應當被視為承認或以任何形式暗示該信息(xi)構成已為本領域一般技術(shu)人員所公知的(de)現有技術(shu)。
技術實現思路
1、本發明的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)在于提供一種增(zeng)程式圓(yuan)柱形直線電(dian)機(ji)饋能(neng)(neng)(neng)汽車懸架(jia)減震(zhen)器,能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠直接將(jiang)減震(zhen)器伸縮桿上下震(zhen)動的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)轉換為(wei)豎直運動的(de)(de)(de)直線發電(dian)機(ji)感應發電(dian),同(tong)時產生阻尼力(li),無需(xu)將(jiang)豎直運動能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)轉換為(wei)圓(yuan)周運動能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang),通過直線增(zeng)程結構,提升阻尼力(li),提高(gao)發電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang),有(you)利于節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)環保。
2、為實(shi)現上述目的,本發明提供如下技術方案(an):
3、一種增(zeng)程式圓柱(zhu)形直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)饋能(neng)汽(qi)車懸架(jia)減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)器(qi),設置減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)彈簧(huang)(huang)和直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)饋能(neng)阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)結(jie)(jie)構;所述直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)饋能(neng)阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)結(jie)(jie)構,采(cai)用直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)短(duan)移(yi)動(dong)次級(ji)(ji)(動(dong)子(zi))豎直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上下(xia)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong),直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)長(chang)固定初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(定子(zi))與減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)器(qi)筒壁固定的布置形式,短(duan)移(yi)動(dong)次級(ji)(ji)(動(dong)子(zi))運(yun)(yun)動(dong)方向與汽(qi)車懸架(jia)減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)器(qi)震(zhen)動(dong)方向一致(zhi);減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)彈簧(huang)(huang)用于支撐車體(ti)和對地面不(bu)平做(zuo)出伸(shen)縮(suo)動(dong)作,以減(jian)(jian)少(shao)車體(ti)的震(zhen)動(dong);直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)饋能(neng)阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)結(jie)(jie)構在伸(shen)縮(suo)桿移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)原理實時(shi)產生對抗減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)彈簧(huang)(huang)的快速收(shou)縮(suo)或者伸(shen)長(chang)的阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)力,伸(shen)縮(suo)桿不(bu)移(yi)動(dong),則(ze)阻(zu)(zu)尼(ni)力消失(shi),達到減(jian)(jian)緩減(jian)(jian)震(zhen)彈簧(huang)(huang)伸(shen)縮(suo)的速率和力度(du)的目的,同時(shi)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)產生電(dian)(dian)能(neng)補充汽(qi)車使(shi)用;
4、減震(zhen)器(qi)的阻尼筒(tong)上(shang)(shang)端(duan)蓋(gai)設(she)(she)置(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)擋(dang)(dang)邊,伸(shen)縮桿下端(duan)頭部(bu)設(she)(she)置(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)盤(pan),彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)盤(pan)上(shang)(shang)面邊緣有壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)槽,壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)置(zhi)于(yu)阻尼筒(tong)上(shang)(shang)端(duan)蓋(gai)設(she)(she)置(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)擋(dang)(dang)邊和(he)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)盤(pan)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)槽之(zhi)間,壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)在(zai)軸向上(shang)(shang)長度貫穿整個減震(zhen)器(qi);
5、作(zuo)為本發明的進一步方案(an):設置豎直(zhi)(zhi)上下直(zhi)(zhi)線運動(dong)直(zhi)(zhi)線發電機短(duan)移動(dong)次級(動(dong)子)行程增程結構;采用齒(chi)(chi)輪齒(chi)(chi)條嚙合運動(dong),將減震(zhen)器伸縮(suo)桿的豎直(zhi)(zhi)移動(dong)行程加倍,增大對伸縮(suo)桿的阻尼(ni)效(xiao)果,提高直(zhi)(zhi)線發電機發電效(xiao)能;
6、齒(chi)(chi)輪與(yu)(yu)(yu)伸縮(suo)桿(gan)(gan)同步(bu)上下運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong),同時在伸縮(suo)桿(gan)(gan)右側的齒(chi)(chi)條與(yu)(yu)(yu)齒(chi)(chi)輪嚙合運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong);齒(chi)(chi)輪與(yu)(yu)(yu)伸縮(suo)桿(gan)(gan)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)個行程(cheng)長度(du),齒(chi)(chi)輪與(yu)(yu)(yu)齒(chi)(chi)條的嚙合點同樣移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)個行程(cheng)長度(du),齒(chi)(chi)輪與(yu)(yu)(yu)齒(chi)(chi)條位置相對的左邊,齒(chi)(chi)輪在移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的同時轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong),則齒(chi)(chi)輪左邊齒(chi)(chi)的線(xian)性位移(yi)時兩倍行程(cheng)長度(du);
7、作為(wei)本發明的(de)進一步方案(an):設(she)置(zhi)短移動次級(動子)的(de)增程驅(qu)動齒輪(lun)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在減震器伸(shen)縮桿(gan)的(de)上端頭部位(wei)置(zhi),齒輪(lun)與伸(shen)縮桿(gan)由固定(ding)軸(zhou)連接,安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)鍵;
8、齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)與鏈(lian)輪(lun)(lun)設置(zhi)固定(ding)軸(zhou)連接,固定(ding)軸(zhou)可以(yi)在伸(shen)縮桿的軸(zhou)孔里自由轉(zhuan)動;齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)與鏈(lian)輪(lun)(lun)始終同步轉(zhuan)動,齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)左(zuo)(zuo)邊(bian)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)部線位(wei)移長(chang)度與鏈(lian)輪(lun)(lun)左(zuo)(zuo)邊(bian)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)部線位(wei)移長(chang)度相同,通過鏈(lian)輪(lun)(lun)撥動鏈(lian)條(tiao)將齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)左(zuo)(zuo)邊(bian)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)部線位(wei)移長(chang)度傳遞給線發電機短移動次級(ji)(動子(zi));
9、作為本發明的(de)進一步方(fang)案:設(she)置利用同軸鏈輪與豎直布置的(de)圓周鏈條將伸縮桿(gan)的(de)豎直移(yi)動(dong)行程(cheng)(cheng)傳遞給(gei)短移(yi)動(dong)次級(動(dong)子(zi));可通過(guo)變更同軸鏈輪與齒輪的(de)直徑比例來更改增(zeng)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)量(liang),具有增(zeng)程(cheng)(cheng)可變的(de)靈活性;
10、如果鏈輪與齒輪直(zhi)徑相同,則(ze)放(fang)大后的長(chang)度行程(cheng)變為(wei)原行程(cheng)的(1+1)倍(bei);如果鏈輪直(zhi)徑是(shi)齒輪直(zhi)徑n倍(bei),則(ze)放(fang)大后的長(chang)度行程(cheng)變為(wei)原行程(cheng)的(1+n)倍(bei);
11、作為本發明(ming)的進(jin)一步方(fang)案:設置直線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)直線(xian)發電機短(duan)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)次級(動(dong)(dong)子(zi))單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)保持單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)驅動(dong)(dong)軸結構;減震(zhen)器(qi)伸縮(suo)桿正常工(gong)作是是上下(xia)快(kuai)速往復移(yi)動(dong)(dong),為減少短(duan)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)次級(動(dong)(dong)子(zi))頻繁換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)的慣性震(zhen)動(dong)(dong)影(ying)響(xiang),通(tong)過鏈(lian)輪(lun)鏈(lian)條傳動(dong)(dong)﹑齒(chi)輪(lun)換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)傳動(dong)(dong)和共軸單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)輪(lun)結構,實現減震(zhen)器(qi)伸縮(suo)桿在上下(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)時(shi),短(duan)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)次級(動(dong)(dong)子(zi))仍然(ran)沿著一個方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)運(yun)動(dong)(dong),增加懸(xuan)架減震(zhen)器(qi)整體運(yun)行穩定性;
12、伸(shen)縮桿上下(xia)運動經過兩(liang)路(lu)傳動結(jie)構(gou)(gou)傳遞給同一根錐齒輪軸,錐齒輪軸安裝(zhuang)同向(xiang)單向(xiang)輪結(jie)構(gou)(gou),將雙向(xiang)傳來的運動轉為同一方向(xiang)運動;
13、作(zuo)為本發(fa)明(ming)的進一步方案:設(she)置(zhi)直(zhi)線發(fa)電機(ji)短(duan)移(yi)動次級(動子(zi))沿豎直(zhi)最大行(xing)程(cheng)周向往復運動的驅動傳遞(di)結構;通(tong)過(guo)圓錐齒輪(lun)組(zu)﹑豎直(zhi)布置(zhi)周向鏈條和(he)撥桿滑槽結構,實現短(duan)移(yi)動次級(動子(zi))在最大行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)往復運動;達到直(zhi)線發(fa)電機(ji)最大利用效率(lv);
14、通過錐齒(chi)輪(lun)傳遞過來的單向(xiang)運(yun)動(dong)帶(dai)動(dong)圓(yuan)周設置(zhi)的鏈(lian)條(tiao),短移(yi)(yi)動(dong)次級(動(dong)子)的上升路程(cheng)和(he)下降路程(cheng)分別對應圓(yuan)周鏈(lian)條(tiao)的兩個豎向(xiang)鏈(lian)條(tiao)行程(cheng),由撥(bo)桿(gan)帶(dai)動(dong)短移(yi)(yi)動(dong)次級(動(dong)子)隨豎向(xiang)鏈(lian)條(tiao)運(yun)動(dong);
15、作為本發明的(de)進一步(bu)方案:設(she)置(zhi)周(zhou)向鏈條張(zhang)緊(jin)結構(gou),保持鏈輪正常(chang)傳遞運(yun)動負載力;通過預緊(jin)力扭轉彈(dan)簧驅動擺桿(gan)張(zhang)緊(jin)輪結構(gou)側壓(ya)張(zhang)緊(jin)周(zhou)向鏈條;
16、作為本發明的(de)進一步方案:設(she)置支撐桿(gan)滑(hua)套(tao)結構,滑(hua)套(tao)與短(duan)(duan)移動(dong)次級(ji)(動(dong)子(zi))內(nei)圓柱表面(mian)連接(jie)固定,支撐桿(gan)與汽車懸架減震器阻尼筒上下端蓋連接(jie)固定,短(duan)(duan)移動(dong)次級(ji)(動(dong)子(zi))在(zai)滑(hua)套(tao)限制下沿著支撐桿(gan)上下往(wang)復運動(dong);
17、作為本發(fa)明的進一步方案(an):每根(gen)支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)桿設置(zhi)2個(ge)(ge)滑(hua)套(tao)(tao)(tao),2個(ge)(ge)滑(hua)套(tao)(tao)(tao)分別安裝固(gu)定于(yu)短(duan)移動(dong)次級(動(dong)子(zi))內圓柱表面的上端(duan)和下端(duan);支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)短(duan)移動(dong)次級(動(dong)子(zi))的支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)桿滑(hua)套(tao)(tao)(tao)結(jie)構共有3組;3組支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)桿滑(hua)套(tao)(tao)(tao)結(jie)構在圓周范圍(wei)內均勻布置(zhi),且有1組撐(cheng)桿滑(hua)套(tao)(tao)(tao)結(jie)構位于(yu)短(duan)移動(dong)次級(動(dong)子(zi))的最大行程(cheng)往復鏈(lian)條和撥桿滑(hua)槽(cao)結(jie)構附近;
18、作為本發明的進一步方案:減震器伸縮桿在減震器阻尼筒的底面中心導向套中上(shang)下往復(fu)滑動運(yun)動,取消了通常旋轉發電機采用(yong)的滾(gun)珠絲桿套等(deng)旋轉結(jie)構,運(yun)動響應快,機械結(jie)構阻力(li)小,避免了滾(gun)珠絲桿軸承的燒結(jie)損壞等(deng)問題。
19、減(jian)震器伸縮桿外露部(bu)分,在減(jian)震器阻尼筒下(xia)方設置橡膠波紋管防塵,橡膠波紋管下(xia)端與伸縮桿下(xia)端頭(tou)部(bu)的(de)彈簧壓盤連(lian)接。
20、與現有(you)技術相比,本發明的有(you)益效果如下:
21、實現短移動次(ci)級(動子)增(zeng)程方案(an),增(zeng)大阻(zu)尼效果;
22、能夠充分(fen)利(li)用直線發電機閉環控制(zhi)系統(tong)快速響(xiang)(xiang)應的特點,動(dong)態響(xiang)(xiang)應性(xing)能高;
23、移動(dong)次級運動(dong)方向(xiang)與震動(dong)方向(xiang)一致(zhi),與放大行程(cheng)結合,達(da)到電磁饋能(neng)阻尼(ni)減震﹑能(neng)量高(gao)效回收(shou)利用(yong)的(de)目的(de)。