本(ben)發(fa)明(ming)涉(she)及(ji)一種(zhong)木塑(su)地板(ban)的制備方法(fa),屬于地板(ban)制備技術(shu)領域(yu)。
背景技術:
目前,在(zai)(zai)裝修領(ling)域中,室(shi)內地(di)(di)(di)面鋪裝材料(liao)一(yi)般為(wei)各種木質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)或復(fu)合木地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)。木質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)腳(jiao)感比(bi)較(jiao)舒適,但容易(yi)吸(xi)水(shui)膨脹或干燥變(bian)形(xing),在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用過程中常出現(xian)收(shou)縮、膨脹變(bian)形(xing)、起翹、開(kai)裂(lie)等問(wen)題(ti),并(bing)且需要(yao)(yao)(yao)耗費大量木材,生產周期(qi)較(jiao)長,成本較(jiao)高,并(bing)且大量使(shi)用會破壞森(sen)林,不可持續。復(fu)合木地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)利(li)(li)用木屑和粘合劑(ji)及其它添加(jia)劑(ji)經混(hun)合擠壓而(er)形(xing)成的(de)(de)一(yi)種地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban),其表面色彩豐(feng)富,成本低,但存在(zai)(zai)易(yi)吸(xi)水(shui)變(bian)形(xing)等問(wen)題(ti),并(bing)且這種地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)問(wen)題(ti)是(shi)釋(shi)放甲醛,嚴重(zhong)危害人體健康(kang)、不環(huan)(huan)保(bao)。木塑地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)一(yi)種利(li)(li)用塑料(liao)與植物纖(xian)維(wei)材料(liao)例如木粉、果殼粉、稻糠粉、秸(jie)稈粉等經擠出發泡等工藝(yi)生產的(de)(de)一(yi)種新型地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban),它能(neng)夠克服木質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)易(yi)吸(xi)水(shui)膨脹、開(kai)裂(lie)變(bian)形(xing)以及復(fu)合木地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)含有甲醛、污(wu)染環(huan)(huan)境等問(wen)題(ti)。
有人提出采用廢舊塑料和農作物秸稈、鋸末、竹屑等為原料,通過加工而制備低價格、高性能木塑地板,取得了較好的經濟效益和社會效益。如以廢PVC粉、農作物廢料為主要原料,通過穩定劑、加工助劑、填料、潤滑劑等的合理配比,達到了降低成本,減少污染的目的,但以CaCO3為填(tian)料(liao)(liao)且農作物肥料(liao)(liao)份數低(di)(di),加(jia)之未添加(jia)柔韌增強改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材料(liao)(liao),使得(de)產品纖維(wei)度較(jiao)低(di)(di),存(cun)在剛性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大,易(yi)斷裂(lie),耐水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、耐磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、抗老化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)差(cha),機(ji)械性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能低(di)(di),不(bu)穩定,遇水(shui)后同(tong)樣會起(qi)翹,使用壽(shou)命(ming)短,不(bu)易(yi)被人民(min)所喜愛接收。
技術實現要素:
本發明所要解(jie)決的(de)技術問題:針(zhen)對傳統的(de)木(mu)塑(su)(su)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)剛性(xing)較大,易斷(duan)裂(lie),耐水性(xing)及耐磨(mo)性(xing)能差,縮短了(le)其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)的(de)問題,提供了(le)一(yi)(yi)種改(gai)性(xing)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)與(yu)柔性(xing)單體聚合(he),礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)做增(zeng)強成分(fen)制備木(mu)塑(su)(su)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)方法。本發明首先以(yi)黃蜀葵秸稈為(wei)原料,經(jing)微(wei)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)降(jiang)解(jie)改(gai)性(xing)處理后得(de)到(dao)預處理黃蜀葵纖(xian)維(wei)(wei),其(qi)中黃孢原毛平革菌可以(yi)降(jiang)解(jie)木(mu)質素(su)(su),從而使(shi)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)含量增(zeng)加,并且(qie)可以(yi)對纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)改(gai)性(xing),使(shi)其(qi)強度(du)增(zeng)強,與(yu)塑(su)(su)料間的(de)粘合(he)力(li)增(zeng)強,再利用(yong)丙烯(xi)酸(suan)乙酯柔性(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質對其(qi)進(jin)行改(gai)性(xing),改(gai)善纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)的(de)脆性(xing),接著(zhu)將聚氯乙烯(xi)樹脂、硬脂酸(suan)鋅(xin)等物(wu)(wu)(wu)質反應,得(de)到(dao)樹脂混(hun)合(he)液,最后再與(yu)自(zi)制的(de)漿料等物(wu)(wu)(wu)質進(jin)行混(hun)合(he)熱壓(ya),得(de)到(dao)木(mu)塑(su)(su)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban),甲基硅酸(suan)鈉可以(yi)在地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)表面形成一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)防(fang)水膜(mo),增(zeng)強地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)耐水性(xing),本發明制備的(de)木(mu)塑(su)(su)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)不(bu)易斷(duan)裂(lie)、耐磨(mo)性(xing)能好,延(yan)長了(le)木(mu)塑(su)(su)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)。
為解決(jue)上(shang)述技術問題,本發明采用的技術方案是:
(1)稱(cheng)取(qu)1~2kg黃蜀葵秸稈(gan)加(jia)入(ru)到(dao)粉碎機中(zhong)粉碎,并過80~100目篩(shai),收(shou)集(ji)過篩(shai)物(wu),并置于發酵罐(guan)中(zhong),再(zai)加(jia)入(ru)1~2L去離子水,攪拌混合2~4min,再(zai)按(an)6~8%接(jie)種(zhong)量將(jiang)黃孢原(yuan)毛平革菌(jun)接(jie)種(zhong)到(dao)發酵罐(guan)中(zhong),在35~45℃下密封(feng)發酵5~6天,發酵結(jie)束升溫(wen)至95~100℃,攪拌滅菌(jun)10~15min,收(shou)集(ji)發酵罐(guan)中(zhong)的物(wu)料,并過濾(lv),收(shou)集(ji)濾(lv)渣,得(de)到(dao)預處理(li)黃蜀葵纖維;
(2)取20~30g上述預處理黃蜀(shu)葵(kui)纖維(wei)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)帶有溫度計和回流裝置的四口燒(shao)瓶(ping)中(zhong)(zhong),并將燒(shao)瓶(ping)置于水浴鍋中(zhong)(zhong),再向燒(shao)瓶(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)300~400mL丙(bing)酮和4~5g環(huan)氧丙(bing)烷,并通入(ru)(ru)(ru)氮(dan)氣(qi)保護,在60~70℃下攪拌(ban)反應(ying)2~3h后,再加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)1~3g過(guo)硫酸銨,攪拌(ban)5~10min后,升(sheng)溫至80~90℃,再滴加(jia)10~15g丙(bing)烯酸乙酯(zhi),控制10~15min滴加(jia)完畢,攪拌(ban)反應(ying)2~3h,反應(ying)結束,過(guo)濾,收集濾液,得到(dao)丙(bing)烯酸乙酯(zhi)接枝改性纖維(wei)素(su)聚合物(wu)混合液,備用;
(3)稱取100~200g聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)樹脂(zhi)、3~5g硬脂(zhi)酸(suan)(suan)鋅和5~8g乙酰檸檬酸(suan)(suan)三(san)丁酯,加入到燒(shao)杯(bei)中,并對燒(shao)杯(bei)進行加熱(re)至140~150℃,攪(jiao)拌加熱(re)30~40min,使物(wu)料熔融,再加入5~8g抗氧劑(ji)1010和3~5g硅烷偶(ou)聯(lian)劑(ji)KH-550,攪(jiao)拌反應20~30min,得到樹脂(zhi)混合液(ye);
(4)稱(cheng)取10~20g纖維素晶須、20~30g活性碳(tan)酸鈣和(he)8~12g氫(qing)氧化鋁,加入到(dao)粉(fen)碎機(ji)中粉(fen)碎20~30min,得到(dao)混合粉(fen)末(mo),將混合粉(fen)末(mo)加入到(dao)上述樹脂混合液(ye)中,攪拌10~20min,得到(dao)漿料;
(5)按重量份數計,稱取40~50份步(bu)驟(zou)(2)備用的丙烯酸(suan)乙(yi)酯接枝改(gai)性纖維素(su)聚合物混(hun)(hun)合液、50~60份上述漿料和40~50份甲基(ji)硅(gui)酸(suan)鈉,加(jia)入(ru)到攪(jiao)拌機中,攪(jiao)拌混(hun)(hun)合10~15min后(hou),轉(zhuan)移至模具中,在(zai)130~140℃、35~40MPa下熱壓成型,再脫模,即(ji)可(ke)得到木塑(su)地板。
本發明的應用方法:首先(xian)對混凝(ning)土(tu)基(ji)層表面(mian)進行(xing)清(qing)理,使其表面(mian)平整、潔凈,待清(qing)理完成后(hou),將木(mu)塑(su)(su)龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)鋪(pu)在平整的混凝(ning)土(tu)基(ji)層上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),并(bing)控制(zhi)龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)間(jian)的距離為30~35cm,龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)接頭處應間(jian)隔3~5mm,并(bing)在龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)引孔,再(zai)把螺(luo)(luo)絲旋入已經(jing)鉆好的孔內(nei),將龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)固(gu)定(ding)到混凝(ning)土(tu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),然后(hou)將本發明制(zhi)備的木(mu)塑(su)(su)地板以錯縫鋪(pu)裝的方式鋪(pu)于龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),并(bing)用不銹鋼(gang)螺(luo)(luo)絲釘緊固(gu)龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)與木(mu)塑(su)(su)地板即可。經(jing)檢測,本發明制(zhi)備的木(mu)塑(su)(su)地板抗壓強度(du)達到7.5MPa以上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),耐磨性達到6500~7500r,彎(wan)曲(qu)破壞載荷達到3652N以上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。
本發明與其(qi)他方法相比,有益技(ji)術效果是:
(1)本發明(ming)制備的木塑地板抗壓強度達到7.5MPa以上,不易斷裂;
(2)本發明制備的(de)木塑地板耐磨性能好,耐磨性達到6500~7500r;
(3)本發明(ming)制備的木塑地板不易起翹,使(shi)用壽命長(chang),長(chang)達15~20年。
具體實施方式
首先稱取(qu)1~2kg黃蜀(shu)葵(kui)秸稈加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)碎(sui)機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)碎(sui),并(bing)(bing)過80~100目(mu)篩,收(shou)集過篩物(wu),并(bing)(bing)置(zhi)于發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),再(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)1~2L去離子(zi)水,攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)合(he)(he)2~4min,再(zai)(zai)(zai)按6~8%接(jie)種量將黃孢原毛平革(ge)菌(jun)接(jie)種到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)35~45℃下(xia)密封發(fa)酵(jiao)5~6天,發(fa)酵(jiao)結束(shu)(shu)升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)至(zhi)(zhi)95~100℃,攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)滅菌(jun)10~15min,收(shou)集發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的物(wu)料,并(bing)(bing)過濾,收(shou)集濾渣,得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)預處理(li)黃蜀(shu)葵(kui)纖維;再(zai)(zai)(zai)取(qu)20~30g上(shang)述(shu)預處理(li)黃蜀(shu)葵(kui)纖維加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)帶有溫(wen)度(du)計(ji)和回(hui)流(liu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的四口燒(shao)(shao)(shao)瓶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并(bing)(bing)將燒(shao)(shao)(shao)瓶置(zhi)于水浴(yu)鍋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),再(zai)(zai)(zai)向(xiang)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)瓶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)300~400mL丙(bing)(bing)酮(tong)和4~5g環氧丙(bing)(bing)烷(wan),并(bing)(bing)通入(ru)(ru)(ru)氮(dan)氣保護,在(zai)60~70℃下(xia)攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)反應2~3h后,再(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)1~3g過硫(liu)酸(suan)銨,攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)5~10min后,升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)至(zhi)(zhi)80~90℃,再(zai)(zai)(zai)滴加(jia)10~15g丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酸(suan)乙(yi)酯(zhi),控制10~15min滴加(jia)完畢,攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)反應2~3h,反應結束(shu)(shu),過濾,收(shou)集濾液,得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酸(suan)乙(yi)酯(zhi)接(jie)枝改(gai)性纖維素(su)(su)聚合(he)(he)物(wu)混(hun)合(he)(he)液,備用;稱取(qu)100~200g聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)樹脂(zhi)、3~5g硬脂(zhi)酸(suan)鋅和5~8g乙(yi)酰檸檬(meng)酸(suan)三丁酯(zhi),加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)杯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并(bing)(bing)對燒(shao)(shao)(shao)杯進行加(jia)熱(re)至(zhi)(zhi)140~150℃,攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)加(jia)熱(re)30~40min,使(shi)物(wu)料熔融,再(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)5~8g抗氧劑1010和3~5g硅烷(wan)偶聯劑KH-550,攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)反應20~30min,得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)樹脂(zhi)混(hun)合(he)(he)液;稱取(qu)10~20g纖維素(su)(su)晶須、20~30g活(huo)性碳酸(suan)鈣和8~12g氫氧化鋁,加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)碎(sui)機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)碎(sui)20~30min,得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)混(hun)合(he)(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末,將混(hun)合(he)(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)上(shang)述(shu)樹脂(zhi)混(hun)合(he)(he)液中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)10~20min,得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)漿料;按重量份(fen)數(shu)計(ji),稱取(qu)40~50份(fen)備用的丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酸(suan)乙(yi)酯(zhi)接(jie)枝改(gai)性纖維素(su)(su)聚合(he)(he)物(wu)混(hun)合(he)(he)液、50~60份(fen)上(shang)述(shu)漿料和40~50份(fen)甲(jia)基硅酸(suan)鈉,加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),攪(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)合(he)(he)10~15min后,轉移至(zhi)(zhi)模(mo)具中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)130~140℃、35~40MPa下(xia)熱(re)壓成型,再(zai)(zai)(zai)脫模(mo),即可得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)木塑地板(ban)。
實例1
首先稱(cheng)取(qu)(qu)2kg黃蜀(shu)(shu)葵秸稈加(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)粉(fen)碎(sui)機中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉(fen)碎(sui),并過(guo)100目篩,收集過(guo)篩物(wu)(wu)(wu),并置于(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)(jiao)罐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),再(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)2L去離子水(shui),攪(jiao)拌(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)4min,再(zai)(zai)按8%接(jie)(jie)種量將(jiang)黃孢(bao)原毛平革菌接(jie)(jie)種到(dao)(dao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)(jiao)罐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在45℃下(xia)密(mi)封(feng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)(jiao)6天(tian),發(fa)(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)(jiao)結束(shu)升(sheng)溫(wen)至(zhi)100℃,攪(jiao)拌(ban)滅菌15min,收集發(fa)(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)(jiao)罐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)料(liao),并過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv),收集濾(lv)(lv)(lv)渣,得(de)到(dao)(dao)預處(chu)理黃蜀(shu)(shu)葵纖(xian)維(wei)(wei);再(zai)(zai)取(qu)(qu)30g上述預處(chu)理黃蜀(shu)(shu)葵纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)帶(dai)有溫(wen)度(du)計(ji)和(he)回流裝置的(de)四口燒(shao)瓶(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并將(jiang)燒(shao)瓶(ping)置于(yu)(yu)水(shui)浴鍋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),再(zai)(zai)向燒(shao)瓶(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)400mL丙酮和(he)5g環氧(yang)丙烷(wan),并通入(ru)(ru)氮氣保護(hu),在70℃下(xia)攪(jiao)拌(ban)反(fan)應(ying)3h后(hou),再(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)3g過(guo)硫酸(suan)銨,攪(jiao)拌(ban)10min后(hou),升(sheng)溫(wen)至(zhi)90℃,再(zai)(zai)滴加(jia)15g丙烯(xi)酸(suan)乙(yi)酯,控制15min滴加(jia)完畢,攪(jiao)拌(ban)反(fan)應(ying)3h,反(fan)應(ying)結束(shu),過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv),收集濾(lv)(lv)(lv)液,得(de)到(dao)(dao)丙烯(xi)酸(suan)乙(yi)酯接(jie)(jie)枝改性纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)液,備用;稱(cheng)取(qu)(qu)200g聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)樹(shu)脂、5g硬脂酸(suan)鋅和(he)8g乙(yi)酰檸檬(meng)酸(suan)三丁酯,加(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)燒(shao)杯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并對燒(shao)杯進行加(jia)熱至(zhi)150℃,攪(jiao)拌(ban)加(jia)熱40min,使物(wu)(wu)(wu)料(liao)熔融,再(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)8g抗氧(yang)劑1010和(he)5g硅烷(wan)偶聯劑KH-550,攪(jiao)拌(ban)反(fan)應(ying)20min,得(de)到(dao)(dao)樹(shu)脂混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)液;稱(cheng)取(qu)(qu)20g纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素晶須、30g活性碳酸(suan)鈣和(he)12g氫氧(yang)化鋁,加(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)粉(fen)碎(sui)機中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉(fen)碎(sui)30min,得(de)到(dao)(dao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)粉(fen)末(mo),將(jiang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)粉(fen)末(mo)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)上述樹(shu)脂混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)液中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),攪(jiao)拌(ban)20min,得(de)到(dao)(dao)漿(jiang)料(liao);按重量份(fen)(fen)數(shu)計(ji),稱(cheng)取(qu)(qu)50份(fen)(fen)備用的(de)丙烯(xi)酸(suan)乙(yi)酯接(jie)(jie)枝改性纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)素聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)液、60份(fen)(fen)上述漿(jiang)料(liao)和(he)50份(fen)(fen)甲基硅酸(suan)鈉,加(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)攪(jiao)拌(ban)機中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),攪(jiao)拌(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)15min后(hou),轉(zhuan)移至(zhi)模具中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在140℃、40MPa下(xia)熱壓成型,再(zai)(zai)脫模,即可得(de)到(dao)(dao)木(mu)塑(su)地板(ban)。
首先對混凝土基層表(biao)面(mian)進(jin)行清理,使其(qi)表(biao)面(mian)平整、潔凈(jing),待(dai)清理完成(cheng)后,將木(mu)塑(su)龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)鋪(pu)(pu)在平整的混凝土基層上(shang),并控制龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)之間(jian)的距離為35cm,龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)接頭處應間(jian)隔(ge)5mm,并在龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)引孔,再把螺絲旋入已經鉆好(hao)的孔內,將龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)固定到混凝土上(shang),然后將本發明制備的木(mu)塑(su)地板以錯縫(feng)鋪(pu)(pu)裝的方式鋪(pu)(pu)于龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang),并用(yong)不銹(xiu)鋼螺絲釘緊(jin)固龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)與木(mu)塑(su)地板即可(ke)。經檢測(ce),本發明制備的木(mu)塑(su)地板抗壓強度達到7.8MPa,耐磨性達到6500r,彎(wan)曲破(po)壞載荷達到3655N。
實例2
首先稱取(qu)1kg黃(huang)蜀(shu)葵秸稈加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)粉碎(sui)機中(zhong)粉碎(sui),并(bing)(bing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)90目篩(shai),收(shou)(shou)集(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)篩(shai)物,并(bing)(bing)置于(yu)發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)罐中(zhong),再加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)2L去離子水(shui),攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)混(hun)合2min,再按6%接(jie)種量(liang)將黃(huang)孢(bao)原毛平革菌接(jie)種到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)罐中(zhong),在(zai)(zai)35℃下密(mi)封發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)5天,發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)結(jie)束升(sheng)溫至97℃,攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)滅(mie)菌12min,收(shou)(shou)集(ji)發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)罐中(zhong)的物料(liao),并(bing)(bing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾,收(shou)(shou)集(ji)濾渣,得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)預處(chu)理黃(huang)蜀(shu)葵纖(xian)(xian)維;再取(qu)25g上述預處(chu)理黃(huang)蜀(shu)葵纖(xian)(xian)維加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)帶有溫度(du)計(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)回(hui)流(liu)裝置的四(si)口燒(shao)瓶(ping)中(zhong),并(bing)(bing)將燒(shao)瓶(ping)置于(yu)水(shui)浴鍋中(zhong),再向燒(shao)瓶(ping)中(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)350mL丙酮和(he)(he)4g環氧(yang)丙烷,并(bing)(bing)通(tong)入(ru)(ru)氮氣保護,在(zai)(zai)65℃下攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)反應(ying)2h后,再加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)2g過(guo)(guo)(guo)硫酸(suan)銨,攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)6min后,升(sheng)溫至85℃,再滴(di)加(jia)(jia)(jia)12g丙烯酸(suan)乙酯(zhi),控制10min滴(di)加(jia)(jia)(jia)完畢(bi),攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)反應(ying)2h,反應(ying)結(jie)束,過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾,收(shou)(shou)集(ji)濾液(ye)(ye),得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)丙烯酸(suan)乙酯(zhi)接(jie)枝改性(xing)纖(xian)(xian)維素聚合物混(hun)合液(ye)(ye),備用;稱取(qu)100g聚氯乙烯樹脂(zhi)、3g硬脂(zhi)酸(suan)鋅和(he)(he)5g乙酰檸檬酸(suan)三丁酯(zhi),加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)燒(shao)杯(bei)中(zhong),并(bing)(bing)對(dui)燒(shao)杯(bei)進行加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)至140℃,攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)30min,使物料(liao)熔融,再加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)5g抗氧(yang)劑1010和(he)(he)3g硅烷偶聯劑KH-550,攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)反應(ying)25min,得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)樹脂(zhi)混(hun)合液(ye)(ye);稱取(qu)10g纖(xian)(xian)維素晶須(xu)、20g活(huo)性(xing)碳酸(suan)鈣和(he)(he)8g氫(qing)氧(yang)化(hua)鋁,加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)粉碎(sui)機中(zhong)粉碎(sui)20min,得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)混(hun)合粉末(mo),將混(hun)合粉末(mo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)上述樹脂(zhi)混(hun)合液(ye)(ye)中(zhong),攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)10min,得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)漿料(liao);按重量(liang)份(fen)數(shu)計(ji)(ji),稱取(qu)40份(fen)備用的丙烯酸(suan)乙酯(zhi)接(jie)枝改性(xing)纖(xian)(xian)維素聚合物混(hun)合液(ye)(ye)、50份(fen)上述漿料(liao)和(he)(he)40份(fen)甲(jia)基(ji)硅酸(suan)鈉(na),加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)機中(zhong),攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)混(hun)合10min后,轉移至模具中(zhong),在(zai)(zai)130℃、35MPa下熱(re)壓成型,再脫(tuo)模,即可得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)木塑地板。
首先對混凝(ning)土(tu)基(ji)層表(biao)面進(jin)行清(qing)理,使其表(biao)面平(ping)整、潔(jie)凈,待清(qing)理完成(cheng)后(hou),將(jiang)木塑龍骨(gu)鋪(pu)在平(ping)整的(de)混凝(ning)土(tu)基(ji)層上(shang),并(bing)控制(zhi)龍骨(gu)之間的(de)距離(li)為30cm,龍骨(gu)接頭(tou)處應(ying)間隔3mm,并(bing)在龍骨(gu)上(shang)引孔,再把螺絲(si)旋(xuan)入已經鉆好的(de)孔內,將(jiang)龍骨(gu)固定到(dao)混凝(ning)土(tu)上(shang),然(ran)后(hou)將(jiang)本(ben)發明制(zhi)備的(de)木塑地板(ban)以錯(cuo)縫鋪(pu)裝的(de)方式鋪(pu)于龍骨(gu)上(shang),并(bing)用不銹鋼螺絲(si)釘緊固龍骨(gu)與木塑地板(ban)即可。經檢測(ce),本(ben)發明制(zhi)備的(de)木塑地板(ban)抗壓強度達到(dao)7.8MPa,耐磨性達到(dao)7000r,彎曲破(po)壞載荷達到(dao)3662N。
實例3
首先稱取2kg黃蜀(shu)(shu)葵(kui)秸稈(gan)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)粉碎(sui)(sui)機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉碎(sui)(sui),并過90目篩(shai),收(shou)集(ji)(ji)過篩(shai)物(wu),并置于發酵(jiao)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),再(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)2L去離子水(shui)(shui),攪拌混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)3min,再(zai)(zai)(zai)按(an)7%接種量(liang)將(jiang)(jiang)黃孢(bao)原毛平革(ge)菌接種到(dao)發酵(jiao)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)40℃下(xia)(xia)密(mi)封發酵(jiao)6天,發酵(jiao)結束升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)至(zhi)97℃,攪拌滅菌12min,收(shou)集(ji)(ji)發酵(jiao)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的物(wu)料,并過濾(lv)(lv),收(shou)集(ji)(ji)濾(lv)(lv)渣,得(de)到(dao)預處(chu)(chu)理黃蜀(shu)(shu)葵(kui)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei);再(zai)(zai)(zai)取25g上述預處(chu)(chu)理黃蜀(shu)(shu)葵(kui)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)帶有溫(wen)(wen)度計和(he)(he)回流裝置的四(si)口燒(shao)瓶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并將(jiang)(jiang)燒(shao)瓶置于水(shui)(shui)浴鍋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),再(zai)(zai)(zai)向燒(shao)瓶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)350mL丙酮(tong)和(he)(he)4g環(huan)氧丙烷,并通(tong)入(ru)(ru)(ru)氮氣保護,在(zai)65℃下(xia)(xia)攪拌反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)2h后,再(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)2g過硫酸銨(an),攪拌7min后,升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)至(zhi)85℃,再(zai)(zai)(zai)滴加(jia)12g丙烯酸乙酯(zhi),控制12min滴加(jia)完畢,攪拌反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)2h,反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)結束,過濾(lv)(lv),收(shou)集(ji)(ji)濾(lv)(lv)液(ye),得(de)到(dao)丙烯酸乙酯(zhi)接枝改性纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)素(su)聚合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye),備(bei)用;稱取150g聚氯乙烯樹(shu)脂、4g硬脂酸鋅和(he)(he)7g乙酰檸檬酸三丁酯(zhi),加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)燒(shao)杯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并對(dui)燒(shao)杯進(jin)行加(jia)熱至(zhi)145℃,攪拌加(jia)熱35min,使物(wu)料熔融,再(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)7g抗(kang)氧劑1010和(he)(he)4g硅烷偶聯劑KH-550,攪拌反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)30min,得(de)到(dao)樹(shu)脂混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye);稱取15g纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)素(su)晶須(xu)、25g活性碳酸鈣(gai)和(he)(he)10g氫氧化鋁,加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)粉碎(sui)(sui)機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉碎(sui)(sui)25min,得(de)到(dao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)粉末,將(jiang)(jiang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)粉末加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)上述樹(shu)脂混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),攪拌15min,得(de)到(dao)漿料;按(an)重量(liang)份(fen)(fen)數計,稱取45份(fen)(fen)備(bei)用的丙烯酸乙酯(zhi)接枝改性纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)素(su)聚合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)、55份(fen)(fen)上述漿料和(he)(he)45份(fen)(fen)甲基硅酸鈉(na),加(jia)入(ru)(ru)(ru)到(dao)攪拌機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),攪拌混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)12min后,轉移(yi)至(zhi)模具(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)132℃、37MPa下(xia)(xia)熱壓成型,再(zai)(zai)(zai)脫(tuo)模,即可得(de)到(dao)木塑地板。
首先對混(hun)凝土基層表面進(jin)行(xing)清理,使其表面平整、潔凈(jing),待(dai)清理完成后,將(jiang)木塑龍骨(gu)(gu)鋪(pu)在平整的(de)(de)混(hun)凝土基層上(shang),并控制龍骨(gu)(gu)之間的(de)(de)距離(li)為32cm,龍骨(gu)(gu)接頭處應間隔4mm,并在龍骨(gu)(gu)上(shang)引(yin)孔,再把螺絲旋(xuan)入(ru)已(yi)經(jing)鉆好(hao)的(de)(de)孔內,將(jiang)龍骨(gu)(gu)固(gu)(gu)定到(dao)混(hun)凝土上(shang),然后將(jiang)本(ben)發(fa)明制備的(de)(de)木塑地(di)板(ban)以錯縫鋪(pu)裝的(de)(de)方式鋪(pu)于龍骨(gu)(gu)上(shang),并用不銹鋼螺絲釘緊固(gu)(gu)龍骨(gu)(gu)與(yu)木塑地(di)板(ban)即可。經(jing)檢(jian)測,本(ben)發(fa)明制備的(de)(de)木塑地(di)板(ban)抗壓強度達到(dao)7.9MPa,耐磨性達到(dao)7500r,彎曲破壞(huai)載荷達到(dao)3672N。