本發明涉及(ji)(ji)固體廢(fei)物處(chu)(chu)理技術領域，尤其涉及(ji)(ji)一種(zhong)用(yong)于(yu)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)極的(de)高(gao)溫連續式處(chu)(chu)理系統，具(ju)體涉及(ji)(ji)一種(zhong)能(neng)耗小、成本低、無(wu)害化處(chu)(chu)理徹底(di)且能(neng)有效(xiao)提高(gao)電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)固體廢(fei)棄物的(de)處(chu)(chu)理效(xiao)率和資源化利用(yong)效(xiao)率的(de)用(yong)于(yu)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)極的(de)高(gao)溫連續式處(chu)(chu)理系統。
背景技術：
隨著電解鋁產量的增加，電解過程中產生的固體廢棄物也隨之增加。其中，電解鋁廢棄物以電解鋁陰極的危害最大，電解鋁陰極以煅燒無煙煤、冶金焦、石墨等為骨料，煤瀝青等黏結劑制成的，主要用于制作鋁電解槽炭質內襯的塊類或糊類碳素制品。鋁電解過程中，陰極上發生的主要反應是熔于冰晶石(Na2AIFeNa2AIF6)中的(de)(de)AI被還原成液態金屬鋁，匯積于(yu)炭(tan)(tan)質(zhi)槽(cao)底表面，鋁液和(he)炭(tan)(tan)質(zhi)槽(cao)底均為電解槽(cao)的(de)(de)導電陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)。由(you)于(yu)電解質(zhi)熔體中有各(ge)種氟化物、雜(za)質(zhi)，在電場的(de)(de)作用下電解產生(sheng)的(de)(de)熔鹽對陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)炭(tan)(tan)塊(kuai)發生(sheng)侵蝕和(he)沖刷等作用，加上熱應力的(de)(de)作用，使陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)材(cai)料發生(sheng)變形、隆起(qi)、斷裂，甚而破(po)損為廢陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)。
電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)是含(han)有20-40％左右(you)氟(fu)化(hua)物，微量氰化(hua)物的危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物，由(you)于其(qi)氟(fu)化(hua)物及氰化(hua)物容易(yi)(yi)水解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，因此(ci)如(ru)不進行(xing)有效(xiao)處(chu)置(zhi)，遇到雨淋、水浸容易(yi)(yi)造(zao)成嚴重(zhong)的環境(jing)污(wu)染。2014年(nian)我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁產(chan)量達到了(le)2200多萬(wan)(wan)噸，世界電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁產(chan)量達到了(le)5000多萬(wan)(wan)噸。隨(sui)著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁產(chan)量的增加，電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁產(chan)生的廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)日益增加。目前(qian)，我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁行(xing)業(ye)每年(nian)產(chan)生的廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)達到了(le)20萬(wan)(wan)噸，有400多萬(wan)(wan)噸的累積堆(dui)存。由(you)于目前(qian)國(guo)內外(wai)缺乏先(xian)進的電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)無(wu)害化(hua)處(chu)置(zhi)及資(zi)源化(hua)利用技術，電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)鋁企業(ye)普遍采用的掩埋處(chu)理方(fang)法(fa)造(zao)成了(le)環境(jing)極(ji)大污(wu)染和資(zi)源極(ji)大浪費。
目前，現有的(de)處(chu)置(zhi)電解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰極(ji)主(zhu)要采用(yong)濕法(fa)(fa)和燃燒法(fa)(fa)、填(tian)埋(mai)法(fa)(fa)，其(qi)中濕法(fa)(fa)得到的(de)碳粉(fen)價(jia)值不(bu)(bu)高，資源化(hua)利用(yong)效率低；燃燒法(fa)(fa)存在分離方(fang)法(fa)(fa)繁(fan)瑣、加(jia)熱時(shi)間長(chang)、能耗大(da)且不(bu)(bu)能有效回(hui)收其(qi)中的(de)氟化(hua)物；因此主(zhu)要采用(yong)高成本的(de)填(tian)埋(mai)法(fa)(fa)，但是由于大(da)部(bu)分企業不(bu)(bu)能按(an)照危險廢(fei)物的(de)處(chu)置(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)進行無害化(hua)填(tian)埋(mai)，因此電解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰極(ji)的(de)環境污(wu)染(ran)問題一直沒有得到有效解(jie)決(jue)。
技術實現要素：
(一(yi))要解(jie)決的技術問(wen)題
本(ben)(ben)發明的目(mu)的是：提供一(yi)種能(neng)耗(hao)小、成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)低、無害化(hua)處理(li)徹底且(qie)能(neng)有(you)效提高電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢陰(yin)極(ji)炭塊的處理(li)效率和資源化(hua)利用(yong)效率的用(yong)于處置電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢陰(yin)極(ji)的高溫連續式處理(li)系統，以解(jie)決現(xian)有(you)的電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢陰(yin)極(ji)炭塊處理(li)方(fang)法存在(zai)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)高、能(neng)耗(hao)大、且(qie)不(bu)能(neng)達到無害化(hua)徹底處理(li)效果(guo)的問題(ti)。
(二)技術方案
為了(le)解(jie)決上述(shu)(shu)(shu)技術(shu)問題(ti)，本發明提供了(le)一(yi)種用(yong)于處(chu)(chu)(chu)置電(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰極的(de)(de)高溫(wen)連續式(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統，用(yong)于對電(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰極進(jin)行(xing)無害(hai)化處(chu)(chu)(chu)置與(yu)資源化利用(yong)，以(yi)獲(huo)取碳素(su)制品及(ji)氟(fu)化鹽，其包括(kuo)破(po)碎系(xi)(xi)統、上料(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)統、焙(bei)燒(shao)系(xi)(xi)統、煙(yan)氣(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統及(ji)固(gu)(gu)體顆(ke)粒物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統；所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)破(po)碎系(xi)(xi)統用(yong)于將電(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢(fei)陰極炭塊(kuai)破(po)碎至顆(ke)粒料(liao)(liao)，并通過(guo)所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)上料(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)統將所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)顆(ke)粒料(liao)(liao)輸(shu)送至所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)焙(bei)燒(shao)系(xi)(xi)統；所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)焙(bei)燒(shao)系(xi)(xi)統包括(kuo)電(dian)(dian)煅爐，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)煅爐的(de)(de)上端設有(you)(you)氣(qi)體出料(liao)(liao)口(kou)，下端設有(you)(you)固(gu)(gu)體出料(liao)(liao)口(kou)；所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)煙(yan)氣(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統與(yu)所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)氣(qi)體出料(liao)(liao)口(kou)連接(jie)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)固(gu)(gu)體顆(ke)粒物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統與(yu)所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)固(gu)(gu)體出料(liao)(liao)口(kou)連接(jie)。
其中，所述(shu)煙氣處理(li)系統包括依次連(lian)(lian)接的第(di)一(yi)處理(li)單(dan)元(yuan)、第(di)二處理(li)單(dan)元(yuan)、至少一(yi)級收塵單(dan)元(yuan)及(ji)調節系統，所述(shu)第(di)一(yi)處理(li)單(dan)元(yuan)與(yu)所述(shu)氣體出料口連(lian)(lian)接。
其(qi)中，所述第(di)一處理單元包括復燃室(shi)及設于(yu)所述復燃室(shi)底部的第(di)一回收裝(zhuang)置，所述復燃室(shi)的進(jin)口端與所述氣體(ti)出料(liao)口連接。
其中，所(suo)述(shu)第二(er)處(chu)理單元包(bao)括冷卻(que)(que)室及設于所(suo)述(shu)冷卻(que)(que)室底部的(de)(de)第二(er)回收裝置，所(suo)述(shu)冷卻(que)(que)室的(de)(de)進口(kou)端(duan)與所(suo)述(shu)復燃(ran)室的(de)(de)出(chu)口(kou)端(duan)連接。
其中，所述(shu)收塵(chen)單元包(bao)括一(yi)通(tong)過(guo)通(tong)風管道連接所述(shu)冷(leng)卻室出口端(duan)的收塵(chen)裝置。
其中，所(suo)述(shu)收(shou)塵裝置為布袋(dai)收(shou)塵器或水霧收(shou)塵器。
其中，所述(shu)煙氣處理(li)系統(tong)還包括分別與所述(shu)第二處理(li)單元及至少一級收塵單元連接(jie)的氟化鹽純化系統(tong)。
其中，還(huan)包括分別與所(suo)(suo)(suo)述焙(bei)燒(shao)系(xi)統(tong)、第(di)一(yi)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單元(yuan)及第(di)二處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單元(yuan)連(lian)接的(de)余熱(re)利用系(xi)統(tong)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)述余熱(re)利用系(xi)統(tong)用于收集所(suo)(suo)(suo)述焙(bei)燒(shao)系(xi)統(tong)、第(di)一(yi)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單元(yuan)及第(di)二處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單元(yuan)排出的(de)高溫氣(qi)體的(de)熱(re)能，并將所(suo)(suo)(suo)述熱(re)能用于發(fa)電(dian)或烘干或生產余熱(re)蒸汽。
其中(zhong)，所(suo)述調(diao)(diao)節系統包括依次連接的第(di)一(yi)風(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)風(feng)(feng)速(su)調(diao)(diao)節單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、脫硫脫硝單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、第(di)二(er)風(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)風(feng)(feng)速(su)調(diao)(diao)節單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，所(suo)述送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與大氣(qi)連通。
其中，所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)固體(ti)顆(ke)粒物處理系(xi)統(tong)包(bao)括依(yi)次連(lian)(lian)接的緩冷(leng)單(dan)(dan)元、循環(huan)冷(leng)卻單(dan)(dan)元、出料(liao)裝(zhuang)置及碳素制品回收裝(zhuang)置，所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)緩冷(leng)單(dan)(dan)元與所(suo)(suo)述(shu)(shu)固體(ti)出料(liao)口(kou)連(lian)(lian)接。
(三)有益效果
本(ben)(ben)發明的(de)上述技術方案具有如下優(you)點(dian)：本(ben)(ben)發明提(ti)供了(le)一種(zhong)用(yong)于處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)置電(dian)(dian)(dian)解鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)的(de)高(gao)溫連續式(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統，用(yong)于對電(dian)(dian)(dian)解鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)無害(hai)化(hua)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)置與(yu)(yu)資源化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)，以獲取碳素制品(pin)(pin)及(ji)氟(fu)化(hua)鹽，其(qi)包(bao)括(kuo)破(po)碎系統、上料系統、焙(bei)燒系統、煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統及(ji)固體(ti)顆粒(li)(li)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統；破(po)碎系統用(yong)于將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)炭塊破(po)碎至(zhi)顆粒(li)(li)料，并通過上料系統將(jiang)顆粒(li)(li)料輸送至(zhi)焙(bei)燒系統；焙(bei)燒系統包(bao)括(kuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)煅(duan)爐，電(dian)(dian)(dian)煅(duan)爐的(de)上端設有氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)出(chu)(chu)料口，下端設有固體(ti)出(chu)(chu)料口；煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統與(yu)(yu)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)出(chu)(chu)料口連接，固體(ti)顆粒(li)(li)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統與(yu)(yu)固體(ti)出(chu)(chu)料口連接。本(ben)(ben)申請提(ti)供的(de)高(gao)溫連續式(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統對破(po)碎后的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)炭塊進(jin)行(xing)(xing)高(gao)溫煅(duan)燒得到的(de)高(gao)溫電(dian)(dian)(dian)鍛煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)碳粒(li)(li)，并分別通過煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統及(ji)固體(ti)顆粒(li)(li)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統進(jin)行(xing)(xing)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，進(jin)而得到高(gao)品(pin)(pin)質的(de)且具有經濟附加值的(de)氟(fu)化(hua)鹽及(ji)碳素制品(pin)(pin)，該(gai)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系統結(jie)構簡單(dan)、操作方便，且具有能耗小、成本(ben)(ben)低、無害(hai)化(hua)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)徹底的(de)特點(dian)，同時也能有效提(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢(fei)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)炭塊的(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)效率和資源化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)效率。
附圖說明
圖(tu)1是本發明一種用于處(chu)置電(dian)解鋁廢陰極的(de)(de)高(gao)溫連續(xu)式處(chu)理系統(tong)實施例的(de)(de)高(gao)溫連續(xu)式處(chu)理系統(tong)的(de)(de)具(ju)體結(jie)構(gou)示(shi)意圖(tu)。
圖中：1：破碎系(xi)(xi)統；2：上料(liao)系(xi)(xi)統；3：焙燒系(xi)(xi)統；4：第(di)(di)一處理單(dan)(dan)元；5：第(di)(di)二(er)處理單(dan)(dan)元；6：第(di)(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)收塵(chen)單(dan)(dan)元；7：第(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)收塵(chen)單(dan)(dan)元；8：第(di)(di)四級(ji)(ji)收塵(chen)單(dan)(dan)元；9：第(di)(di)一風壓風速調節(jie)單(dan)(dan)元；10：脫硫脫硝單(dan)(dan)元；11：第(di)(di)二(er)風壓風速調節(jie)單(dan)(dan)元；12：氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)鹽純(chun)化(hua)系(xi)(xi)統；13：余(yu)熱(re)利用(yong)系(xi)(xi)統；A：電(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)廢陰極(ji)碳塊；P1：碳素制品(pin)；P2：氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)鹽。
具體實施方式
為(wei)使(shi)本(ben)發明(ming)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)、技術(shu)方(fang)案和優點(dian)更加清(qing)楚(chu)，下面將(jiang)結(jie)合本(ben)發明(ming)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例中的(de)(de)(de)附圖，對(dui)本(ben)發明(ming)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例中的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)方(fang)案進行清(qing)楚(chu)、完整地描述(shu)，顯然，所(suo)(suo)描述(shu)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例是本(ben)發明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)一部分實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例，而不(bu)是全部的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例。基于本(ben)發明(ming)中的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例，本(ben)領域普通(tong)技術(shu)人員在(zai)沒有(you)做出(chu)創造性勞動的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提下所(suo)(suo)獲得(de)的(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)有(you)其(qi)他(ta)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)例，都屬于本(ben)發明(ming)保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)范圍。
如圖1所(suo)示，本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明提(ti)供了一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極的(de)(de)高(gao)溫連續(xu)式(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極進(jin)(jin)行(xing)無害化(hua)(hua)處(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)與資源化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)，以獲取(qu)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)P1及氟(fu)化(hua)(hua)鹽(yan)P2，包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)破(po)碎(sui)(sui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)1、上(shang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)2、焙(bei)(bei)燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)3、煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)；破(po)碎(sui)(sui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)1用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極炭塊A破(po)碎(sui)(sui)至(zhi)(zhi)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，并通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)上(shang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)2將(jiang)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)輸(shu)送(song)至(zhi)(zhi)焙(bei)(bei)燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)3；焙(bei)(bei)燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)3包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)煅爐，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)煅爐的(de)(de)上(shang)端設(she)有氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口，下(xia)端設(she)有固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口；煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口連接，固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口連接。具體(ti)(ti)(ti)地，在(zai)本(ben)(ben)實施例中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)煅爐的(de)(de)上(shang)方設(she)有進(jin)(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)倉(cang)(cang)，上(shang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)2包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)提(ti)升(sheng)機，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)提(ti)升(sheng)機將(jiang)經破(po)碎(sui)(sui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極顆(ke)粒(li)(li)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)運(yun)輸(shu)至(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)倉(cang)(cang)內，進(jin)(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)倉(cang)(cang)內的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極顆(ke)粒(li)(li)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)隨后通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管(guan)道進(jin)(jin)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)煅爐內進(jin)(jin)行(xing)高(gao)溫煅燒，得(de)到高(gao)溫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鍛煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極碳(tan)粒(li)(li)，高(gao)溫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鍛煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口進(jin)(jin)而煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，以得(de)到高(gao)品(pin)(pin)質的(de)(de)氟(fu)化(hua)(hua)鹽(yan)P2(即氟(fu)化(hua)(hua)物(wu)含(han)量(liang)在(zai)90％以上(shang)的(de)(de)氟(fu)化(hua)(hua)鹽(yan)P2)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)廢陰(yin)極碳(tan)粒(li)(li)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)口流入(ru)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)冷卻(que)，最終(zhong)得(de)到高(gao)品(pin)(pin)質的(de)(de)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)P1(即固(gu)定(ding)碳(tan)含(han)量(liang)在(zai)95％以上(shang)的(de)(de)石墨化(hua)(hua)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)P1)。
在本實施例中，電(dian)煅爐(lu)的(de)高溫(wen)(wen)區溫(wen)(wen)度可(ke)以達到2000-3000℃；3-100mm的(de)電(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極顆(ke)(ke)粒料(liao)(liao)由電(dian)煅爐(lu)的(de)上部連(lian)(lian)續下(xia)料(liao)(liao)、下(xia)部連(lian)(lian)續卸料(liao)(liao)；其中，廢(fei)陰極顆(ke)(ke)粒料(liao)(liao)中的(de)氟化物以及硅酸鹽、氧化鋁、金屬鈉等經高溫(wen)(wen)焙(bei)燒后絕(jue)大部分以氣(qi)態從電(dian)煅爐(lu)的(de)氣(qi)體出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)抽出(chu)(chu)；氣(qi)體出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)可(ke)以是一個(ge)，也(ye)可(ke)以是多個(ge)。
本申請提供的(de)(de)高溫(wen)連續(xu)式處(chu)(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)統對(dui)破(po)碎后的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁廢陰(yin)極炭塊(kuai)A進(jin)行(xing)高溫(wen)煅(duan)燒得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)高溫(wen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鍛煙氣及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁廢陰(yin)極碳粒(li)，并分別(bie)通過煙氣處(chu)(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)統及(ji)固體(ti)顆粒(li)物處(chu)(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)統進(jin)行(xing)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理，進(jin)而得(de)到(dao)高品(pin)質的(de)(de)且具有經(jing)濟(ji)附加值(zhi)的(de)(de)氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鹽P2及(ji)碳素(su)制(zhi)品(pin)P1，處(chu)(chu)(chu)理得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)碳素(su)制(zhi)品(pin)P1固定(ding)碳含(han)量(liang)大于(yu)95％；可以用(yong)(yong)(yong)做(zuo)煉鋼增碳劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、鑄造(zao)增碳劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁陰(yin)極、電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁陽極、再生石墨材料(liao)、導電(dian)(dian)(dian)材料(liao)、涂(tu)料(liao)等(deng)(deng)。處(chu)(chu)(chu)理得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鹽P2含(han)量(liang)達90％以上的(de)(de)工(gong)業氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鹽主(zhu)要成分為氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鈉，主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁作為電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質，也(ye)可以用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)涂(tu)裝工(gong)業中作磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)促進(jin)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，使磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)液穩定(ding)，磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)，改良磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜性(xing)能，木(mu)材防腐劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、農業殺蟲(chong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、釀造(zao)業殺菌(jun)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、醫藥防腐劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、焊接助(zhu)焊劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、堿性(xing)鋅(xin)酸鹽鍍鋅(xin)添加劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)及(ji)搪瓷(ci)、造(zao)紙業等(deng)(deng)。該處(chu)(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)統結構簡單、操(cao)作方便，且具有能耗小、成本低、無害化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理徹底的(de)(de)特(te)點，同時也(ye)能有效(xiao)提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁廢陰(yin)極炭塊(kuai)A的(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理效(xiao)率和資源化(hua)(hua)(hua)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)效(xiao)率。
具體地，煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統包括依(yi)次連接的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)4、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)5、至(zhi)少一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及調節(jie)系(xi)統，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)4與(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體出料口連接。具體地，通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)煅爐(lu)高(gao)溫(wen)煅燒后(hou)得(de)到的(de)(de)高(gao)溫(wen)電(dian)(dian)鍛(duan)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，依(yi)次經過(guo)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)4、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)5、至(zhi)少一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及調節(jie)系(xi)統處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，得(de)到無(wu)害化的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體并最終排放至(zhi)大氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中。在(zai)本(ben)實(shi)施例中，一(yi)(yi)(yi)共設置(zhi)四級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，且第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)集成于一(yi)(yi)(yi)體，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)旋風(feng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)、布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等方式(shi)進(jin)行(xing)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；一(yi)(yi)(yi)次收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)后(hou)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)入(ru)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)6，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)6主要(yao)(yao)(yao)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)6也(ye)(ye)可(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)其(qi)它收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)方式(shi)；二(er)次收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)后(hou)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)入(ru)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)7，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)7主要(yao)(yao)(yao)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，也(ye)(ye)可(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)其(qi)它收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)方式(shi)；三次收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)后(hou)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)入(ru)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)8，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)8主要(yao)(yao)(yao)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)水霧收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，也(ye)(ye)可(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)其(qi)它收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)方式(shi)。對于環保要(yao)(yao)(yao)求不(bu)高(gao)的(de)(de)地區，或者只需經過(guo)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)6處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)組分(fen)可(ke)以達到環保要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，該(gai)高(gao)溫(wen)連續(xu)式(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統可(ke)以不(bu)用(yong)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)7及第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四級(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)8。
具體(ti)地，第一處(chu)理(li)(li)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)4包括復(fu)(fu)燃(ran)室及設于復(fu)(fu)燃(ran)室底部的(de)(de)第一回收(shou)裝置，復(fu)(fu)燃(ran)室的(de)(de)進(jin)口端與氣(qi)體(ti)出料口連接。其中，復(fu)(fu)燃(ran)室的(de)(de)溫度控制(zhi)在1000-1300℃。第一處(chu)理(li)(li)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)4主要(yao)用(yong)于對在電煅爐內未完全燃(ran)燒的(de)(de)雜質(比(bi)如炭粉、冰(bing)晶石等)進(jin)行再次燃(ran)燒，降低(di)煙氣(qi)中碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)含量，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)所回收(shou)氟(fu)化鹽(yan)P2(主要(yao)為氟(fu)化鈉(na))的(de)(de)純度，并通過第一回收(shou)裝置進(jin)行捕收(shou)，同時(shi)也起到(dao)了(le)防止碳(tan)(tan)粉或冰(bing)晶石等固(gu)體(ti)雜質堵塞管道(dao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，使(shi)得高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫煅燒氣(qi)體(ti)能連續排出至(zhi)第二處(chu)理(li)(li)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)5、收(shou)塵單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及調(diao)節(jie)系統內，以(yi)避免影響整個高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫連續式處(chu)理(li)(li)系統的(de)(de)正(zheng)常使(shi)用(yong)及影響后續電解質產品的(de)(de)品質。優選地，二次燃(ran)燒可以(yi)采用(yong)鼓入空氣(qi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法，也可以(yi)采用(yong)鼓入燃(ran)料(包括天然氣(qi)、液化氣(qi)、煤制(zhi)氣(qi)等)的(de)(de)方(fang)法。
具體(ti)地，第二處(chu)(chu)理(li)單元(yuan)5包括冷(leng)卻室(shi)(shi)及設于冷(leng)卻室(shi)(shi)底部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二回收(shou)裝(zhuang)置，冷(leng)卻室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進口端與復燃室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)出口端連接。其中，第二處(chu)(chu)理(li)單元(yuan)5用于對(dui)經第一(yi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)單元(yuan)4處(chu)(chu)理(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)電鍛煙氣進行進一(yi)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)捕收(shou)處(chu)(chu)理(li)；在本實(shi)施例中，冷(leng)卻室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度可調節，采用風(feng)冷(leng)或(huo)(huo)水(shui)冷(leng)以(yi)及二者聯合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)將(jiang)從復燃室(shi)(shi)出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)煙氣冷(leng)卻為200℃左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙氣，并與第二回收(shou)裝(zhuang)置相(xiang)配合(he)(he)，以(yi)實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)電鍛煙氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)梯度回收(shou)。其中，高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)電鍛煙氣包括氟化物(wu)(wu)(wu)、氯化物(wu)(wu)(wu)、氰(qing)化物(wu)(wu)(wu)、硫、鐵或(huo)(huo)硅(gui)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸汽，通(tong)過(guo)調節冷(leng)卻室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度，并與設于其底部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二回收(shou)裝(zhuang)置相(xiang)配合(he)(he)，依(yi)次對(dui)氟化物(wu)(wu)(wu)、氯化物(wu)(wu)(wu)、氰(qing)化物(wu)(wu)(wu)、硫、鐵或(huo)(huo)硅(gui)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸汽進行回收(shou)，以(yi)得到高(gao)(gao)(gao)品質的(de)(de)(de)(de)電解質產(chan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。
具體(ti)地，收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)元(yuan)包括(kuo)一通過(guo)通風(feng)管(guan)道連接冷卻(que)室(shi)出(chu)口端的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。優選地，收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)布袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)或(huo)(huo)水(shui)霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。經第二(er)處理(li)單(dan)元(yuan)5處理(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)通過(guo)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)除去或(huo)(huo)降(jiang)低煙氣(qi)中(zhong)飛灰含量，使(shi)得收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)處理(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)達到排(pai)放(fang)標準，并排(pai)放(fang)至大氣(qi)中(zhong)，從而實現(xian)了(le)無(wu)害(hai)化處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)中(zhong)，收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)可以為(wei)水(shui)霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)或(huo)(huo)重力(li)式(shi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)布袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)水(shui)霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)與重力(li)式(shi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)與布袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)相結合的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。特(te)別的(de)(de)(de)，收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)并不(bu)僅局限于上述收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，也可以為(wei)旋(xuan)風(feng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)濕式(shi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)靜電收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)脫硫(liu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)等。
為(wei)得到(dao)品(pin)質純正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)氟(fu)化鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)P2，在本實(shi)施例中，煙氣處(chu)理系統還包括分別與第二處(chu)理單元5及至少一級收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)單元連(lian)接的(de)(de)(de)氟(fu)化鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)P2純化系統12。高溫煙氣經收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)后，得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)為(wei)氟(fu)化鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)P2、碳酸鈉(na)等的(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物(wu)，氟(fu)化鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)P2純化系統12用于將該混合(he)物(wu)按照一定的(de)(de)(de)摩爾比(bi)加入氫氟(fu)酸，將其(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)碳酸鈉(na)反應(ying)成(cheng)氟(fu)化鈉(na)，從而提(ti)高氟(fu)化物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)純度。
進(jin)一步地，為有效提高資源化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率，本申請(qing)提供的高溫(wen)連(lian)(lian)續(xu)式處(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統還包括(kuo)分(fen)別與焙燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)統3、第(di)一處(chu)(chu)理單元(yuan)4及第(di)二(er)處(chu)(chu)理單元(yuan)5連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)的余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統13，余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統13用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)收集(ji)焙燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)統3、第(di)一處(chu)(chu)理單元(yuan)4及第(di)二(er)處(chu)(chu)理單元(yuan)5排(pai)出的高溫(wen)氣體的熱(re)(re)(re)能，并將熱(re)(re)(re)能用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)發(fa)電(dian)或(huo)烘干或(huo)生(sheng)產余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)蒸汽。其中，余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統13可為包括(kuo)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)回收油罐(guan)(guan)及與余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)回收油罐(guan)(guan)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)的發(fa)電(dian)裝置，余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)回收油罐(guan)(guan)分(fen)別與焙燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)統3及煙氣處(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)。在本實施例中，焙燒系(xi)(xi)(xi)統3及煙氣處(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統排(pai)出的高溫(wen)氣體的熱(re)(re)(re)量，通(tong)過余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)回收油罐(guan)(guan)轉換后(hou)，輸(shu)送至發(fa)電(dian)裝置內，以提供電(dian)能。
具體地，調(diao)節(jie)(jie)系統包括依次連(lian)接的(de)第(di)一(yi)(yi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)9、脫(tuo)硫脫(tuo)硝(xiao)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)10、第(di)二(er)風(feng)(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)11及送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)，送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)與大氣(qi)(qi)連(lian)通(tong)。其(qi)中，第(di)一(yi)(yi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)9包括風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)，風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)用于調(diao)節(jie)(jie)電煅爐(lu)上部空(kong)腔(qiang)(qiang)的(de)負壓(ya)(ya)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)量，使空(kong)腔(qiang)(qiang)內的(de)高(gao)溫煙氣(qi)(qi)盡快排出(chu)，也用于調(diao)節(jie)(jie)多級收塵單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)和風(feng)(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)；脫(tuo)硫脫(tuo)硝(xiao)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)10用于將經收塵后(hou)的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)進行脫(tuo)硫脫(tuo)硝(xiao)以達到環保要求(qiu)；第(di)二(er)風(feng)(feng)(feng)壓(ya)(ya)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)11用于調(diao)節(jie)(jie)脫(tuo)硫脫(tuo)硝(xiao)的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)量，隨后(hou)通(tong)過送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)排入大氣(qi)(qi)。
具體(ti)地(di)，固體(ti)顆粒(li)物處理(li)系統包括依次連接的(de)(de)緩(huan)(huan)冷(leng)單(dan)元(yuan)、循(xun)環(huan)(huan)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)單(dan)元(yuan)、出(chu)料裝置(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)P1回收(shou)裝置(zhi)(zhi)，緩(huan)(huan)冷(leng)單(dan)元(yuan)與固體(ti)出(chu)料口(kou)連接。為(wei)提(ti)高出(chu)料效率(lv)及(ji)保障(zhang)得到高品(pin)質的(de)(de)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)P1，緩(huan)(huan)冷(leng)單(dan)元(yuan)用于(yu)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)碳(tan)粒(li)緩(huan)(huan)慢冷(leng)卻(que)(que)至(zhi)(zhi)常溫，隨后(hou)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)至(zhi)(zhi)常溫的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)碳(tan)粒(li)進而通過循(xun)環(huan)(huan)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)單(dan)元(yuan)進行進一步冷(leng)卻(que)(que)后(hou)，冷(leng)卻(que)(que)后(hou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)鋁廢(fei)(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)碳(tan)粒(li)通過出(chu)料裝置(zhi)(zhi)進一步處理(li)后(hou)進入(ru)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)P1回收(shou)裝置(zhi)(zhi)，最終(zhong)通過管道排放至(zhi)(zhi)碳(tan)素制(zhi)品(pin)P1回收(shou)裝置(zhi)(zhi)；其中(zhong)，出(chu)料裝置(zhi)(zhi)根據具體(ti)的(de)(de)實施條件(出(chu)料速率(lv)、溫度等)來設(she)有相應的(de)(de)結(jie)構及(ji)干燥功能。
本(ben)申請提(ti)供的(de)用于處置電解(jie)鋁(lv)廢陰(yin)極的(de)高溫連續(xu)式處理系統，主(zhu)要(yao)包括(kuo)下(xia)述(shu)三種(zhong)工況，具體(ti)為：
工況(kuang)(kuang)1：電(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)碳塊A進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)破碎(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)1，該(gai)(gai)破碎(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)1采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)段(duan)PE型(xing)(xing)顎式(shi)(shi)破碎(sui)機、一(yi)段(duan)PEX型(xing)(xing)細(xi)碎(sui)顎式(shi)(shi)破碎(sui)機、一(yi)段(duan)雙層振動篩(shai)(shai)，雙層振動篩(shai)(shai)的(de)篩(shai)(shai)孔(kong)分別為(wei)(wei)3mm和20mm；經過破碎(sui)、篩(shai)(shai)分后(hou)(hou)的(de)3-20mm電(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)顆(ke)粒料采用(yong)(yong)的(de)上料系(xi)(xi)統(tong)2包(bao)括皮帶(dai)輸送機輸送到(dao)焙燒系(xi)(xi)統(tong)3的(de)立式(shi)(shi)連(lian)續(xu)(xu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)電(dian)煅爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)；立式(shi)(shi)連(lian)續(xu)(xu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)電(dian)煅爐(lu)(lu)的(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)區焙燒溫(wen)(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)2600-2800℃，電(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)顆(ke)粒料經過高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)區的(de)時(shi)間為(wei)(wei)1小時(shi)，卸(xie)料后(hou)(hou)得到(dao)的(de)碳素制品(pin)P1固定碳含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)98.5％；立式(shi)(shi)連(lian)續(xu)(xu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)電(dian)煅爐(lu)(lu)上部高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出口排(pai)出的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)1700℃(其煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)抽出速(su)度(du)、高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)爐(lu)(lu)上部的(de)空(kong)腔負壓(ya)由(you)后(hou)(hou)面工序的(de)風(feng)機控制)；鼓入(ru)(ru)(ru)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)復燃(ran)(ran)室，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)碳粉(fen)燃(ran)(ran)燒成二(er)(er)(er)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳；二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)復燃(ran)(ran)的(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)1700℃，進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)處理(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)(gai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括采用(yong)(yong)鼓風(feng)機風(feng)冷的(de)方式(shi)(shi)將高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)快速(su)冷卻到(dao)200℃左右，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)一(yi)級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(旋風(feng)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器)。旋風(feng)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器排(pai)出的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)(gai)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括布袋收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)三級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)(gai)第(di)(di)三級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)再次(ci)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。再次(ci)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)四級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)(gai)第(di)(di)四級收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括水霧(wu)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，再對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行處理(li)。水霧(wu)收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)后(hou)(hou)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)經過第(di)(di)一(yi)風(feng)壓(ya)風(feng)速(su)調節單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)脫硫(liu)脫硝單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。脫硫(liu)脫硝后(hou)(hou)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)經過第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)風(feng)壓(ya)風(feng)速(su)調節單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及送風(feng)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)排(pai)入(ru)(ru)(ru)大氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，該(gai)(gai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)調節系(xi)(xi)統(tong)為(wei)(wei)高(gao)35m的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪。收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)產品(pin)為(wei)(wei)氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鈉含量(liang)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)55％、碳酸(suan)鈉含量(liang)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)45％的(de)混(hun)合物。將收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)產品(pin)和一(yi)定質量(liang)的(de)氫氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)在氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鹽純化(hua)(hua)(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)混(hun)合(質量(liang)比為(wei)(wei)1:0.6)，攪(jiao)拌1h，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)烘(hong)干得到(dao)純度(du)為(wei)(wei)90％以上的(de)氟(fu)(fu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)物產品(pin)。該(gai)(gai)工況(kuang)(kuang)無需(xu)使用(yong)(yong)余熱利(li)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)13。
工(gong)況(kuang)(kuang)2：電(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁廢(fei)陰極碳塊(kuai)A進入破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)1，破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)1采用(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)PE型(xing)顎(e)式(shi)(shi)(shi)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)機(ji)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)PEX型(xing)細碎(sui)(sui)顎(e)式(shi)(shi)(shi)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)機(ji)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)雙層振動篩，雙層振動篩的(de)(de)篩孔分(fen)別為(wei)5mm和30mm；經(jing)過破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)、篩分(fen)后廢(fei)陰極碳塊(kuai)的(de)(de)5-30mm顆(ke)粒料(liao)采用(yong)的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)料(liao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)2包括皮帶輸送機(ji)輸送到(dao)(dao)焙燒系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)3的(de)(de)立(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)續化(hua)高溫電(dian)煅(duan)爐中；立(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)續化(hua)高溫電(dian)煅(duan)爐的(de)(de)高溫區焙燒溫度(du)為(wei)2400-2600℃，電(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁廢(fei)陰極經(jing)過高溫區的(de)(de)時間為(wei)1小時，卸料(liao)后得到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)碳素制品(pin)P1固(gu)定碳含(han)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)97％；立(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)續化(hua)高溫電(dian)煅(duan)爐上(shang)(shang)部(bu)高溫煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)出口排出的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)溫度(du)約(yue)為(wei)1700℃(其煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)抽出速度(du)、高溫爐上(shang)(shang)部(bu)的(de)(de)空腔負壓由后面(mian)工(gong)序的(de)(de)風機(ji)控制)；鼓入空氣(qi)(qi)進入復燃室，高溫煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)碳粉(fen)燃燒成(cheng)二(er)(er)氧化(hua)碳；二(er)(er)次(ci)復燃的(de)(de)高溫煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)溫度(du)約(yue)為(wei)1700℃，進入第(di)(di)二(er)(er)處理單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包括采用(yong)鼓風機(ji)風冷的(de)(de)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)高溫煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)快速冷卻到(dao)(dao)200℃左(zuo)右，然后進入第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(旋風收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi))。旋風收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)排出的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)進入第(di)(di)二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該第(di)(di)二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包括布(bu)袋收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)對煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)進行二(er)(er)次(ci)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；二(er)(er)次(ci)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)進入第(di)(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該第(di)(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采用(yong)水霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)再次(ci)處理煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)；水霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)后的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)風壓風速調節(jie)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進入脫硫脫硝單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。脫硫脫硝后的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)經(jing)過第(di)(di)二(er)(er)風壓風速調節(jie)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及送風單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)排入大氣(qi)(qi)，該煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)調節(jie)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)高35m的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)囪。收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)產(chan)品(pin)為(wei)氟化(hua)鈉含(han)量(liang)(liang)約(yue)為(wei)55％、碳酸鈉含(han)量(liang)(liang)約(yue)為(wei)45％的(de)(de)混(hun)合物，將(jiang)(jiang)收(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)產(chan)品(pin)和一(yi)(yi)(yi)定質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)氫氟酸在(zai)氟化(hua)鹽純化(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中混(hun)合(質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)比為(wei)1:0.6)，攪拌1h，然后烘干得到(dao)(dao)純度(du)為(wei)90％以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)氟化(hua)物產(chan)品(pin)。該工(gong)況(kuang)(kuang)無需(xu)使用(yong)余熱利(li)用(yong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)13。
工況3：電(dian)解鋁廢陰極(ji)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)塊(kuai)A進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)破(po)碎(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)1，破(po)碎(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)1采用(yong)(yong)一段(duan)(duan)PFW反擊式(shi)破(po)碎(sui)機、一段(duan)(duan)PEX型(xing)細碎(sui)顎式(shi)破(po)碎(sui)機、一段(duan)(duan)雙(shuang)層(ceng)振動篩(shai)(shai)，雙(shuang)層(ceng)振動篩(shai)(shai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)篩(shai)(shai)孔分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5mm和(he)40mm；經(jing)過破(po)碎(sui)、篩(shai)(shai)分后(hou)(hou)(hou)廢陰極(ji)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)5-40mm顆(ke)粒料(liao)采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上料(liao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)2包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)皮帶輸送機輸送到焙(bei)燒(shao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)3的(de)(de)(de)(de)立式(shi)連(lian)續化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)電(dian)煅爐中；立式(shi)連(lian)續化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)電(dian)煅爐的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)區焙(bei)燒(shao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2800-3000℃，顆(ke)粒料(liao)經(jing)過高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1.5小時(shi)(shi)，卸料(liao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)得到的(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)素制品P1固定(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)99.99％。立式(shi)連(lian)續化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)電(dian)煅爐上部高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)出(chu)口(kou)排(pai)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度約為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1900℃(其煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)抽出(chu)速(su)度、高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)爐上部的(de)(de)(de)(de)空腔負壓由后(hou)(hou)(hou)面工序的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一風(feng)壓風(feng)速(su)調(diao)節單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)控制)；鼓入(ru)(ru)空氣(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)復燃(ran)室，高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)粉燃(ran)燒(shao)成二(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)；二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)復燃(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度約為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1750℃，進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)處(chu)理單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)采用(yong)(yong)風(feng)冷(leng)(leng)和(he)水(shui)冷(leng)(leng)聯和(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)快速(su)冷(leng)(leng)卻到200℃左右，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)一級收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(旋風(feng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi))；水(shui)冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)循環水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)余(yu)熱利用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)13制備(bei)水(shui)蒸汽。旋風(feng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)排(pai)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)級收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)級收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)布(bu)袋(dai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)第(di)(di)三(san)級收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，該(gai)第(di)(di)三(san)級收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采用(yong)(yong)水(shui)霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)再次(ci)(ci)處(chu)理煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)；水(shui)霧(wu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)第(di)(di)一風(feng)壓風(feng)速(su)調(diao)節單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硝單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硝后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)經(jing)過第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)風(feng)壓風(feng)速(su)調(diao)節單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及送風(feng)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)排(pai)入(ru)(ru)大氣(qi)(qi)，該(gai)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)風(feng)壓風(feng)速(su)調(diao)節單(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)離心風(feng)機。收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)產品為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氟化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鈉含量(liang)約為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)55％、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)酸(suan)(suan)鈉含量(liang)約為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)45％的(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)合物(wu)。將(jiang)收(shou)(shou)(shou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)產品和(he)一定(ding)質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氫氟酸(suan)(suan)在氟化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)純(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)12中混(hun)合(質量(liang)比為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1:0.7)，攪拌1h，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)烘(hong)干(gan)得到純(chun)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)93％以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)氟化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)產品。
綜上(shang)所述，本發明提(ti)(ti)供了(le)一(yi)種用(yong)于(yu)處(chu)(chu)置電(dian)(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)的(de)高(gao)溫連續式處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，用(yong)于(yu)對電(dian)(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)進行無(wu)害化(hua)處(chu)(chu)置與資源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)，以獲取碳(tan)素制品及(ji)(ji)氟(fu)化(hua)鹽，其包(bao)括破(po)碎(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、上(shang)料(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、焙燒系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、煙氣處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)及(ji)(ji)固(gu)體顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)物處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)；破(po)碎(sui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)用(yong)于(yu)將電(dian)(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)炭塊(kuai)破(po)碎(sui)至(zhi)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)料(liao)(liao)，并通(tong)過(guo)上(shang)料(liao)(liao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)將顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)料(liao)(liao)輸送至(zhi)焙燒系(xi)(xi)統(tong)；焙燒系(xi)(xi)統(tong)包(bao)括電(dian)(dian)煅爐，電(dian)(dian)煅爐的(de)上(shang)端(duan)設有(you)氣體出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)，下(xia)端(duan)設有(you)固(gu)體出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)；煙氣處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)與氣體出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)連接(jie)，固(gu)體顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)物處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)與固(gu)體出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)連接(jie)。本申請提(ti)(ti)供的(de)高(gao)溫連續式處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)對破(po)碎(sui)后的(de)電(dian)(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)炭塊(kuai)進行高(gao)溫煅燒得到的(de)高(gao)溫電(dian)(dian)鍛煙氣及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)碳(tan)粒(li)(li)(li)，并分別通(tong)過(guo)煙氣處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)及(ji)(ji)固(gu)體顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)物處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)進行處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，進而得到高(gao)品質的(de)且具有(you)經濟附加(jia)值的(de)氟(fu)化(hua)鹽及(ji)(ji)碳(tan)素制品，該處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)結構(gou)簡(jian)單、操作方便，且具有(you)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)小、成本低、無(wu)害化(hua)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)徹底的(de)特(te)點，同(tong)時也(ye)能(neng)(neng)有(you)效提(ti)(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)解鋁廢(fei)陰極(ji)(ji)炭塊(kuai)的(de)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)效率和資源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)效率。
最后應說(shuo)(shuo)明的(de)是(shi)：以上實施例(li)僅用以說(shuo)(shuo)明本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明的(de)技(ji)(ji)術方案(an)，而(er)非對其限(xian)制(zhi)；盡管參照(zhao)前述實施例(li)對本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明進(jin)行(xing)了詳細的(de)說(shuo)(shuo)明，本(ben)(ben)領域的(de)普通技(ji)(ji)術人(ren)員(yuan)應當理解(jie)：其依(yi)然可以對前述各(ge)實施例(li)所記載的(de)技(ji)(ji)術方案(an)進(jin)行(xing)修改，或者對其中部分(fen)技(ji)(ji)術特征進(jin)行(xing)等同替換(huan)；而(er)這些修改或者替換(huan)，并(bing)不(bu)使相應技(ji)(ji)術方案(an)的(de)本(ben)(ben)質脫離(li)本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明各(ge)實施例(li)技(ji)(ji)術方案(an)的(de)精神(shen)和范圍。