本發明涉及(ji)一種超廣(guang)角8m前視光(guang)學(xue)系統及(ji)其(qi)成像方法。

背景技術：

1、在自(zi)動駕(jia)駛車輛中，感知(zhi)系統主(zhu)要(yao)由攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)、毫米波雷達、激光(guang)雷達(可(ke)選)等傳感器(qi)(qi)構成(cheng)。?攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)作為主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)環境感知(zhi)傳感器(qi)(qi)起著(zhu)非常重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，可(ke)以實現360°全面視覺(jue)感知(zhi)，彌補雷達在物(wu)體識(shi)別上的(de)(de)(de)缺陷(xian)，是最接近人類(lei)視覺(jue)的(de)(de)(de)傳感器(qi)(qi)。因此車載攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)是自(zi)動駕(jia)駛領域的(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)設備(bei)之一。安裝在前擋(dang)風玻(bo)璃(li)上的(de)(de)(de)前視攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)，便是用(yong)于(yu)(yu)實現行(xing)車的(de)(de)(de)視覺(jue)感知(zhi)及識(shi)別功能，根據功能又可(ke)以分為前視主(zhu)攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)、前視窄角(jiao)(jiao)攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)和前視廣角(jiao)(jiao)攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)，但三個攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)采用(yong)大大提高了整個攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)模組的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)，不利(li)于(yu)(yu)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)普及。其中前視廣角(jiao)(jiao)攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)主(zhu)要(yao)是識(shi)別距離較近的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)體，主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)城(cheng)市(shi)道路工況、低速行(xing)駛等場(chang)景，其視場(chang)角(jiao)(jiao)在120°~150°，檢測距離在50m左右。因此若(ruo)大規模采用(yong)超(chao)廣角(jiao)(jiao)8mp鏡(jing)頭(tou)(tou)裝車后，可(ke)無需該攝(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)像(xiang)(xiang)頭(tou)(tou)，從而減低成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)、提高市(shi)場(chang)普及度(du)。

技術實現思路

1、本(ben)發明(ming)對上述問題(ti)進行(xing)了改進，即本(ben)發明(ming)要解決(jue)的技術問題(ti)是(shi)提(ti)供(gong)一(yi)種超廣(guang)角(jiao)8m前視光學系(xi)統及其成(cheng)像(xiang)方法(fa)，在(zai)實現行(xing)車的視覺(jue)感知(zhi)及識別(bie)功(gong)能的同時，實現8mp超廣(guang)角(jiao)成(cheng)像(xiang)，以此可頂替前視廣(guang)角(jiao)攝像(xiang)頭與前視窄角(jiao)攝像(xiang)頭，實現單鏡(jing)頭組(zu)成(cheng)前視攝像(xiang)模組(zu)，大大減(jian)低成(cheng)本(ben)以提(ti)高(gao)市場(chang)普及度。

2、本發明(ming)是這樣構成(cheng)的(de)(de)，它(ta)包括沿光線入射光路自(zi)左向右依次設置的(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、光闌(lan)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)七(qi)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)；所述(shu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之間的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)1.0~1.5mm；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)1.5~2.0mm；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)光闌(lan)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.5mm；光闌(lan)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.5mm；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.5mm；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)膠合透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)組，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0mm；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)七(qi)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)間隔(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.5~1.0mm。

3、進一(yi)步的，所述第(di)(di)一(yi)透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)(di)二透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)(di)三透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.5≤nd≤1.8，vd≤50.0；第(di)(di)四(si)透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)(di)五透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.5≤nd≤1.8，vd≥50.0；第(di)(di)六透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)(di)七透(tou)鏡(jing)滿(man)足(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；其(qi)中nd為折射率，vd為阿(a)貝常(chang)數。

4、進(jin)一步的，第(di)(di)一透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)彎(wan)月(yue)凹(ao)負(fu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)二透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)彎(wan)月(yue)凹(ao)負(fu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)三(san)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雙(shuang)(shuang)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)正透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)四透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雙(shuang)(shuang)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)正透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雙(shuang)(shuang)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)正透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雙(shuang)(shuang)凹(ao)負(fu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)七(qi)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雙(shuang)(shuang)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)正透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)，像(xiang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)。

5、進一(yi)步(bu)的(de)(de)，光(guang)學系統的(de)(de)焦距(ju)(ju)為f，第(di)(di)一(yi)透鏡、第(di)(di)二透鏡、第(di)(di)三透鏡、第(di)(di)四(si)透鏡、第(di)(di)五透鏡、第(di)(di)六透鏡和第(di)(di)七(qi)透鏡的(de)(de)焦距(ju)(ju)分別(bie)為f1、f2、f3、f4、f5、f6、f7，其中f1、f2、f3、f4、f5、f6、f7與f滿足以下(xia)比例(li)：-2.0<f1/f<-1.0，4.0<f2/f<5.0，2.0<f3/f<3.0，1.0<f4/f<2.0，1.0<f5/f<2.0，-1.0<f6/f<0.0，1.0<f7/f<2.0。

6、進一(yi)步的(de)，第(di)(di)一(yi)透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)二透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)七(qi)透(tou)鏡(jing)為玻璃(li)(li)非球面透(tou)鏡(jing)，所(suo)述第(di)(di)三透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)四透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)五透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)六(liu)透(tou)鏡(jing)為玻璃(li)(li)球面透(tou)鏡(jing)，其中第(di)(di)五透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)六(liu)透(tou)鏡(jing)為膠合透(tou)鏡(jing)組。

7、進一(yi)(yi)步的，第一(yi)(yi)透(tou)鏡、第二透(tou)鏡、第七透(tou)鏡均(jun)為非球面(mian)透(tou)鏡，非球面(mian)曲線方(fang)程表達式為：

8、；

9、其中，z為(wei)非球面沿(yan)光(guang)軸方向在高(gao)度為(wei)r的(de)位置時，距(ju)非球面頂點的(de)離矢高(gao)；c為(wei)非球面的(de)近軸曲率；k為(wei)圓錐常數；α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8均為(wei)高(gao)次項系數。

10、進(jin)一步的(de)，所述(shu)第(di)七(qi)透(tou)鏡的(de)后(hou)側依次設置有第(di)一等(deng)效(xiao)玻璃平板(ban)(ban)、第(di)二等(deng)效(xiao)玻璃平板(ban)(ban)和成像面。

11、進一步的，光學(xue)(xue)(xue)系統的光學(xue)(xue)(xue)總長度ttl與光學(xue)(xue)(xue)系統的焦距f之間滿足：ttl/f≤5.0。

12、進(jin)一(yi)步的，光學(xue)系(xi)統的像高h與(yu)光學(xue)系(xi)統的焦距f之間滿足：h/f≤1.0。

13、進一步的(de)，光學(xue)系統的(de)f數≤1.6。

14、進一步的，超廣角8m前視光(guang)學系統的成(cheng)像(xiang)方法，當(dang)光(guang)線入射時，光(guang)路按順(shun)序進入第(di)一透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)二透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)三透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、光(guang)闌、第(di)四透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)五透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)六透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)和第(di)七透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)后進行成(cheng)像(xiang)。

15、與現有(you)技術(shu)相比，本發明(ming)具有(you)以(yi)下有(you)益(yi)效果：1、該(gai)鏡頭(tou)(tou)對物(wu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)角度(du)大(da)于(yu)170度(du)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)具超(chao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)8ｍ成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)清晰度(du)、超(chao)廣角、大(da)的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)光口徑、較低的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)差(cha)敏感度(du)和較好的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)低溫穩定(ding)(ding)性(xing)等優點同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)，能(neng)夠(gou)更(geng)加(jia)全(quan)面(mian)地對車外(wai)景象(xiang)進(jin)行監控(kong)；2、通(tong)過(guo)合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)搭配各(ge)光學透鏡，使得(de)系統(tong)(tong)結構緊湊(cou)合(he)理，易于(yu)裝(zhuang)配，公(gong)差(cha)敏感度(du)低，更(geng)適(shi)合(he)大(da)規(gui)模高(gao)(gao)良率生產；3、采(cai)用全(quan)玻結構，具有(you)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)(ding)性(xing)，能(neng)適(shi)應嚴苛環境(jing)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)充分發揮非球面(mian)鏡片校正像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)的(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)，滿(man)足高(gao)(gao)清成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)，具有(you)更(geng)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)鏡片外(wai)徑和更(geng)短的(de)(de)(de)光學總長，保證鏡頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)型(xing)化；4、能(neng)夠(gou)在高(gao)(gao)溫和低溫時(shi)對焦面(mian)位移做出較好的(de)(de)(de)補償，具備復(fu)雜環境(jing)適(shi)應性(xing)；5、校正了各(ge)軸向色差(cha)、垂軸色差(cha)以(yi)及高(gao)(gao)階色差(cha)，保證成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)系統(tong)(tong)在大(da)角度(du)時(shi)也能(neng)具有(you)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)質量。

技術特征：

1.一(yi)種超廣角8m前視光(guang)學(xue)系統(tong)，其(qi)特征在于，由沿(yan)光(guang)線(xian)入射光(guang)路自左向右依次設(she)置的第(di)(di)一(yi)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)二透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)三透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、光(guang)闌、第(di)(di)四(si)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)五透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)六(liu)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)和第(di)(di)七(qi)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)組成；所述(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)二透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)之間(jian)(jian)的空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)1.0~1.5mm；第(di)(di)二透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)三透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)1.5~2.0mm；第(di)(di)三透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)光(guang)闌的空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.5mm；光(guang)闌與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)四(si)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.5mm；第(di)(di)四(si)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)五透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.5mm；第(di)(di)五透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)六(liu)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)膠合(he)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)組，空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0mm；第(di)(di)六(liu)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)七(qi)透鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的空氣(qi)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)0.5~1.0mm。

2.根據權利要求(qiu)1所述的一(yi)(yi)種超廣(guang)角8m前(qian)視(shi)光學系(xi)統，其(qi)特征(zheng)在(zai)于，所述第(di)一(yi)(yi)透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)二(er)透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)三(san)透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.5≤nd≤1.8，vd≤50.0；第(di)四透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)五(wu)透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.5≤nd≤1.8，vd≥50.0；第(di)六透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；第(di)七透鏡(jing)(jing)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)關系(xi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)：1.7≤nd≤2.0，vd≤50.0；其(qi)中nd為(wei)折射率，vd為(wei)阿貝常數(shu)。

3.根據權利要求1所述的一(yi)(yi)種超(chao)廣角(jiao)8m前視(shi)光學系統，其(qi)(qi)特征在于，第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)彎月凹(ao)負(fu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)二(er)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)彎月凹(ao)負(fu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)三透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)雙凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)正(zheng)(zheng)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)四透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)雙凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)正(zheng)(zheng)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)雙凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)正(zheng)(zheng)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)六(liu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)雙凹(ao)負(fu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凹(ao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)；第(di)(di)七透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為(wei)(wei)雙凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)正(zheng)(zheng)透(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)物側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，像側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。

4.根據權(quan)利要求(qiu)1所(suo)述(shu)的(de)一(yi)種超廣角8m前視光學系(xi)統，其(qi)(qi)特征在于，光學系(xi)統的(de)焦距為f，第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)二(er)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)三透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)四透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)五(wu)透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)和第(di)(di)(di)七透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)焦距分(fen)別為f1、f2、f3、f4、f5?、f6、f7?，其(qi)(qi)中f1、f2、f3、f4、f5?、f6、f7?與f滿足以下比例：-2.0<?f1/f?<-1.0，4.0&lt;?f2/f?<5.0，2.0<?f3/f?<3.0，1.0<?f4/f?<2.0，1.0<?f5/f?<2.0，-1.0<?f6/f?<0.0，1.0<?f7/f?<2.0。

5.根據權利要求1所述(shu)的(de)一種(zhong)超廣角8m前視(shi)光學系統(tong)，其(qi)(qi)特征在于，第(di)(di)(di)一透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)二透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)七透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為玻(bo)璃(li)非球面透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，所述(shu)第(di)(di)(di)三透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)四透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為玻(bo)璃(li)球面透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)，其(qi)(qi)中第(di)(di)(di)五透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)為膠合透(tou)(tou)(tou)鏡(jing)組。

6.根(gen)據(ju)權利要(yao)求(qiu)1所(suo)述的一(yi)種超(chao)廣(guang)角(jiao)8m前視光學系統，其特征在(zai)于，第(di)一(yi)透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)二透(tou)鏡(jing)、第(di)七透(tou)鏡(jing)均為(wei)非球(qiu)面(mian)透(tou)鏡(jing)，非球(qiu)面(mian)曲線方程表達式為(wei)：

7.根據權利要求(qiu)1所述的(de)一(yi)種超廣角8m前視光(guang)學系統，其(qi)特(te)征在于，所述第(di)七透鏡的(de)后側依次設(she)置有第(di)一(yi)等效玻(bo)璃平板、第(di)二等效玻(bo)璃平板和成像(xiang)面。

8.根據權利要求1所述(shu)的一種超廣角8m前視光(guang)學(xue)系(xi)統，其特征在于，光(guang)學(xue)系(xi)統的光(guang)學(xue)總長(chang)度ttl與光(guang)學(xue)系(xi)統的焦(jiao)距f之(zhi)間滿足：ttl/f≤5.0。

9.根(gen)據權利要求1所述的(de)一種(zhong)超廣(guang)角(jiao)8m前視光(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)系(xi)統，其特征(zheng)在于(yu)，光(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)系(xi)統的(de)像高h與(yu)光(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)系(xi)統的(de)焦距(ju)f之間滿足：h/f≤1.0；光(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)系(xi)統的(de)f數(shu)≤1.6。

10.一(yi)種利用如權利要求(qiu)1所述的一(yi)種超(chao)廣角8m前(qian)視(shi)光(guang)學系統(tong)的成像方法(fa)，其特征在于，當光(guang)線入射時，光(guang)路(lu)按順序進入第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)二透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)、光(guang)闌、第(di)(di)(di)(di)四透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)五透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)六透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)七透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)后(hou)進行成像。

技術總結
本發明涉及一種超廣角8M前視光學系統及其成像方法，包括沿光線入射光路自左向右依次設置的第一透鏡、第二透鏡、第三透鏡、光闌、第四透鏡、第五透鏡、第六透鏡和第七透鏡；第一透鏡為彎月凹負透鏡，第二透鏡為彎月凹負透鏡，第三透鏡為雙凸正透鏡，第四透鏡為雙凸正透鏡，第五透鏡為雙凸正透鏡，第六透鏡為雙凹負透鏡，第七透鏡為雙凸正透鏡。本發明設計合理，結構簡單，通過合理分配各透鏡的光焦度、面型、各透鏡的中心厚度以及各透鏡之間的軸上距離等，在滿足鏡頭8M超廣角成像性能以頂替前視廣角攝像頭與前視窄角攝像頭要求的同時，縮小鏡頭的總長以及各鏡片的徑向尺寸，做到鏡頭組小型化。

技術研發人員：羅杰,林清華,鄭新,謝振鋒,薛政云,林文斌,何文波,黃燈輝,江偉,劉官祿
受保護的技術使用者：福建福光天瞳光學有限公司
技術研發日：
技術公布日：2024/10/10