本發明涉及(ji)一種平面并(bing)聯(lian)機構控制裝(zhuang)置,尤其是一種雙(shuang)五桿機構驅動的平面并(bing)聯(lian)機構控制裝(zhuang)置及(ji)方法,屬于平面并(bing)聯(lian)機構設(she)計及(ji)控制領(ling)域(yu)。
背景技術:
并聯(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)是若干個自由度的(de)末端執(zhi)行器(qi)與固定(ding)地基(ji)通過兩個或兩個以(yi)上的(de)獨立運動(dong)(dong)(dong)支(zhi)鏈相(xiang)連(lian),并聯(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)相(xiang)比串聯(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)具(ju)有高(gao)速度、高(gao)精(jing)度、高(gao)承載(zai)能(neng)力的(de)應用優勢,并聯(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)的(de)末端動(dong)(dong)(dong)平臺可以(yi)實(shi)現高(gao)速運動(dong)(dong)(dong)、精(jing)確(que)定(ding)位、承載(zai)大質量負(fu)載(zai),但并聯(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)也由于(yu)其結構(gou)特點,造成工作空間小,存在奇異位形,且在運動(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中存在振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等缺點,極大的(de)影響(xiang)了并聯(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)。
冗(rong)余(yu)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)法(fa)是目前提出的(de)(de)(de)減少或消除奇異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種有效方(fang)法(fa),該方(fang)法(fa)有兩種實現(xian)方(fang)式(shi):1)在正(zheng)常機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)將(jiang)一(yi)部分被動(dong)(dong)關(guan)節(jie)變(bian)為主動(dong)(dong)關(guan)節(jie),2)在保(bao)證(zheng)機(ji)構(gou)自由度不變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)前提下(xia)增加新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈,并在該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈上(shang)引(yin)(yin)入(ru)(ru)冗(rong)余(yu)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)。前一(yi)種方(fang)式(shi)雖然(ran)簡單,但由于在被動(dong)(dong)關(guan)節(jie)上(shang)添(tian)加驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)器會增大系統的(de)(de)(de)慣性,從而影響機(ji)構(gou)動(dong)(dong)力學性能;后一(yi)種方(fang)式(shi)由于引(yin)(yin)入(ru)(ru)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈,無疑也(ye)增加了機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)復雜(za)性,但該方(fang)法(fa)可以較(jiao)容易地將(jiang)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)器安裝在固定基(ji)座(zuo)上(shang),可保(bao)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)對稱性,并且還能解決運動(dong)(dong)學正(zheng)解復雜(za)和多解的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti),所以引(yin)(yin)入(ru)(ru)新(xin)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈的(de)(de)(de)冗(rong)余(yu)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)法(fa)相比較(jiao)來說更(geng)具優越性。對于如(ru)何(he)引(yin)(yin)入(ru)(ru)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈,引(yin)(yin)入(ru)(ru)何(he)種支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈,是消除奇異(yi)等問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)。
技術實現要素:
本(ben)發明的(de)目的(de)是(shi)為了解決上(shang)述(shu)現有技術的(de)缺陷,提供了一種雙五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)驅動(dong)的(de)平面(mian)并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)控制裝置(zhi),該(gai)裝置(zhi)將兩(liang)個平面(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)作為主(zhu)動(dong)運(yun)動(dong)支(zhi)鏈,通(tong)過直接驅動(dong)轉動(dong)電機(ji)(ji)進(jin)行驅動(dong),以及(ji)利(li)用加速(su)度傳感器進(jin)行閉環反饋(kui),因(yin)此(ci)具有控制精度高(gao)、閉環控制響應快、消(xiao)除并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)奇異性(xing)等優點(dian)。
本(ben)發明的另一(yi)目的在于提供一(yi)種(zhong)基于上(shang)述裝(zhuang)置的平面并聯機構控制方法(fa)。
本發(fa)明的目的可以通過(guo)采取如(ru)下技術方案達(da)到:
雙(shuang)五桿機(ji)構驅動(dong)的平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)并聯機(ji)構控制(zhi)裝(zhuang)置,包(bao)括平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)并聯機(ji)構本體和控制(zhi)單元,所述平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)并聯機(ji)構本體包(bao)括動(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺、被(bei)動(dong)運動(dong)支(zhi)鏈和兩個平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿機(ji)構;
所述動平臺為三(san)角(jiao)形平板(ban),其設有兩個三(san)軸加速度(du)傳感器;
每個(ge)(ge)(ge)平(ping)面五桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)機(ji)構包括兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)直接驅(qu)動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)、兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)動(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)和兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)從動(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),所述(shu)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)直接驅(qu)動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)內部(bu)均帶有增量式編碼器(qi),所述(shu)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)動(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)分別與兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)直接驅(qu)動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)連(lian)接,兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)動(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)另一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)分別與兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)從動(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)轉(zhuan)動(dong)連(lian)接,所述(shu)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)從動(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)另一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)與動(dong)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)邊角處轉(zhuan)動(dong)連(lian)接;
所述(shu)被(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)運動(dong)(dong)支鏈包括軸(zhou)承(cheng)組(zu)件和(he)兩個(ge)被(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)桿,一(yi)(yi)個(ge)被(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)桿的(de)一(yi)(yi)端與(yu)軸(zhou)承(cheng)組(zu)件固定連接(jie),另(ling)一(yi)(yi)端與(yu)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)被(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)桿的(de)一(yi)(yi)端轉動(dong)(dong)連接(jie),另(ling)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)被(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)桿的(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)端與(yu)動(dong)(dong)平臺的(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)邊角處轉動(dong)(dong)連接(jie);
所述控制(zhi)單元(yuan)分別與三軸加速度傳感器(qi)、直接(jie)驅動旋轉電(dian)機連(lian)接(jie)。
進一步的,所述(shu)兩(liang)個三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器分別為第(di)(di)一三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器和第(di)(di)二三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器,所述(shu)第(di)(di)一三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器安(an)裝在動平臺(tai)的中心處(chu),所述(shu)第(di)(di)二三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器安(an)裝在距離動平臺(tai)中心30mm~50mm處(chu),且第(di)(di)一三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器和第(di)(di)二三(san)(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器位于水(shui)平狀態。
進一(yi)步(bu)的,所(suo)述(shu)每個(ge)平(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)(gan)機(ji)構中,所(suo)述(shu)兩個(ge)主動桿(gan)(gan)分別(bie)為第一(yi)主動桿(gan)(gan)和第二主動桿(gan)(gan),所(suo)述(shu)兩個(ge)從(cong)(cong)動桿(gan)(gan)分別(bie)為第一(yi)從(cong)(cong)動桿(gan)(gan)和第二從(cong)(cong)動桿(gan)(gan);
所(suo)(suo)述第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿和第(di)二主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿位(wei)于同一(yi)(yi)(yi)平(ping)面,所(suo)(suo)述第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)從(cong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿位(wei)于第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)上方,所(suo)(suo)述第(di)二從(cong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿位(wei)于第(di)二主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)下方,所(suo)(suo)述動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺位(wei)于第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)從(cong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿和第(di)二從(cong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)中間(jian)。
進一步(bu)的(de),所述(shu)被(bei)動運動支鏈(lian)中,所述(shu)兩個被(bei)動桿(gan)分別為被(bei)動一級(ji)桿(gan)和被(bei)動二(er)級(ji)桿(gan);
所述(shu)被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)級桿(gan)與(yu)(yu)第(di)一(yi)(yi)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)、第(di)二(er)(er)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)位(wei)于同一(yi)(yi)平面(mian),所述(shu)被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)二(er)(er)級桿(gan)與(yu)(yu)第(di)一(yi)(yi)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)位(wei)于同一(yi)(yi)平面(mian),被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)級桿(gan)的(de)一(yi)(yi)端與(yu)(yu)軸承組件固(gu)定(ding)連(lian)(lian)接(jie),被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)級桿(gan)的(de)另一(yi)(yi)端與(yu)(yu)被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)二(er)(er)級桿(gan)的(de)一(yi)(yi)端轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)連(lian)(lian)接(jie),被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)二(er)(er)級桿(gan)的(de)另一(yi)(yi)端與(yu)(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平臺的(de)一(yi)(yi)個邊角(jiao)處轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)。
進一步的,所述(shu)被(bei)動運動支鏈中,所述(shu)軸承(cheng)組(zu)件包(bao)括軸承(cheng)套筒(tong)和軸承(cheng)座;
所述軸(zhou)承(cheng)套筒的(de)轉軸(zhou)端(duan)(duan)插入到軸(zhou)承(cheng)座內,所述被動(dong)一級(ji)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)一端(duan)(duan)與軸(zhou)承(cheng)套筒固定連(lian)接,被動(dong)一級(ji)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)另(ling)一端(duan)(duan)通(tong)過(guo)轉軸(zhou)與被動(dong)二(er)級(ji)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)一端(duan)(duan)鉸(jiao)接在一起,被動(dong)二(er)級(ji)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)另(ling)一端(duan)(duan)通(tong)過(guo)轉軸(zhou)與動(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)一個邊角處鉸(jiao)接在一起。
進一步(bu)的(de),所(suo)(suo)述每個平面(mian)五桿機構還包括兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個法(fa)蘭盤連接件(jian)(jian)(jian),兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個直接驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電機分別與兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個法(fa)蘭盤連接件(jian)(jian)(jian)連接,所(suo)(suo)述兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個主動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)一端分別通(tong)過螺釘固定在兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個法(fa)蘭盤連接件(jian)(jian)(jian)上,兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個主動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)另一端分別通(tong)過轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸與兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個從動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)一端鉸(jiao)接在一起,所(suo)(suo)述兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個從動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿的(de)另一端通(tong)過轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸與動(dong)(dong)(dong)平臺的(de)一個邊角處轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鉸(jiao)接在一起。
進一步的,所述(shu)控制(zhi)單元(yuan)包括計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)、數(shu)據采集卡(ka)、運動控制(zhi)卡(ka)、a/d轉(zhuan)換電路和直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)驅(qu)動旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電機(ji)伺(si)服單元(yuan),所述(shu)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)分別(bie)與(yu)數(shu)據采集卡(ka)、運動控制(zhi)卡(ka)連(lian)接(jie)(jie),所述(shu)數(shu)據采集卡(ka)通(tong)(tong)過a/d轉(zhuan)換電路與(yu)三軸(zhou)加速度傳感器連(lian)接(jie)(jie),所述(shu)運動控制(zhi)卡(ka)通(tong)(tong)過直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)驅(qu)動旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電機(ji)伺(si)服單元(yuan)與(yu)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)驅(qu)動旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電機(ji)連(lian)接(jie)(jie);
兩個三軸加速(su)度(du)傳感器檢測出動(dong)平臺的平動(dong)加速(su)度(du)信(xin)息和(he)轉(zhuan)動(dong)加速(su)度(du)信(xin)息,經(jing)過a/d轉(zhuan)換(huan)電(dian)路進行(xing)a/d轉(zhuan)換(huan),保存在數據采(cai)集卡中,由計(ji)算機(ji)進行(xing)調用(yong)和(he)處(chu)理;
直接驅(qu)動旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)內部的增量式編碼器檢測出電(dian)機(ji)(ji)軸的位置(zhi)信息(xi),經過直接驅(qu)動旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)伺服單元和(he)運動控(kong)制卡進行相關處理(li),并反(fan)饋給計算機(ji)(ji),由計算機(ji)(ji)進行控(kong)制量的計算。
進一步的,所述(shu)平面并聯(lian)機構本體還包括靜平臺,所述(shu)靜平臺為方(fang)形型材(cai)座,底部具有(you)四個支撐(cheng)腳,每(mei)兩(liang)個相鄰的支撐(cheng)腳之間安裝一橫(heng)向支架(jia);
一個(ge)(ge)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)(gan)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)兩個(ge)(ge)直接驅動旋(xuan)(xuan)轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)與另一個(ge)(ge)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)(gan)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)兩個(ge)(ge)直接驅動旋(xuan)(xuan)轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)關于(yu)靜平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺頂部(bu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)的(de)中心線對稱,每(mei)個(ge)(ge)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)(gan)機(ji)構(gou)還包括兩個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)底座(zuo),每(mei)個(ge)(ge)直接驅動旋(xuan)(xuan)轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)通(tong)過一個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)底座(zuo)固定在(zai)靜平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺上;
所(suo)述被動運動支鏈(lian)的軸(zhou)承組件固定在靜(jing)平臺(tai)上。
本發(fa)明(ming)的(de)另一目(mu)的(de)可以通過采取如下技術方案達(da)到:
基于上述(shu)裝置的(de)平(ping)面并聯機構控(kong)制(zhi)方法,所述(shu)方法包(bao)括(kuo)以下(xia)步驟:
步驟一、根據給(gei)定的(de)軌跡、目標位(wei)置以及(ji)動(dong)平臺位(wei)姿(zi),在計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)內進(jin)行運(yun)動(dong)學逆解,得到(dao)每個電(dian)機(ji)軸的(de)輸出(chu)量,計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)通(tong)過運(yun)動(dong)控制(zhi)卡將控制(zhi)量輸出(chu)到(dao)直接(jie)驅動(dong)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)伺服(fu)單元,控制(zhi)直接(jie)驅動(dong)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong),從而使動(dong)平臺運(yun)動(dong);
步驟二、在(zai)動(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)的運(yun)動(dong)(dong)過程中,動(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)上的兩個三軸加(jia)速(su)度(du)傳感器(qi)實(shi)時(shi)測得動(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)的平(ping)動(dong)(dong)加(jia)速(su)度(du)信(xin)息和(he)轉動(dong)(dong)加(jia)速(su)度(du)信(xin)息,這些運(yun)動(dong)(dong)信(xin)息經過a/d轉換(huan)電(dian)路進(jin)行a/d轉換(huan),保存在(zai)數(shu)據采集(ji)卡中,由計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)進(jin)行調用和(he)處理(li);
同時(shi),直接驅(qu)動旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機內部的增量式編碼器檢(jian)測出電(dian)機軸的位(wei)置信息,經過直接驅(qu)動旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機伺(si)服單元和運動控制(zhi)卡(ka)進行(xing)相關(guan)處(chu)理(li),并(bing)反饋給計算機;
步驟三、計算機(ji)根據步驟二獲得的(de)動(dong)平臺的(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)信息和(he)電(dian)機(ji)軸的(de)位(wei)置信息,通過控(kong)制算法計算出(chu)控(kong)制信號,控(kong)制信號首先通過運(yun)(yun)動(dong)控(kong)制卡,然后輸出(chu)到(dao)直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)旋(xuan)轉電(dian)機(ji)伺服單元,驅(qu)動(dong)直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)旋(xuan)轉電(dian)機(ji)的(de)轉動(dong),進而控(kong)制動(dong)平臺按期望(wang)軌跡運(yun)(yun)動(dong)到(dao)指定位(wei)置;
步驟(zou)四(si)、反(fan)復(fu)試(shi)驗(yan),修改控制參數,使得控制精(jing)度達到預(yu)期的要求。
進(jin)一步的(de),步驟二中(zhong),所(suo)述動(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)上(shang)的(de)兩個三軸加速(su)度(du)傳感器實時(shi)測得動(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)平(ping)動(dong)加速(su)度(du)信(xin)息和轉動(dong)加速(su)度(du)信(xin)息,具(ju)體如下(xia):
兩個三(san)軸加(jia)速(su)(su)度傳感器(qi)分(fen)別為第(di)一三(san)軸加(jia)速(su)(su)度傳感器(qi)和第(di)二(er)三(san)軸加(jia)速(su)(su)度傳感器(qi),所(suo)述第(di)一三(san)軸加(jia)速(su)(su)度傳感器(qi)安裝在(zai)動平(ping)臺的中心處,所(suo)述第(di)二(er)三(san)軸加(jia)速(su)(su)度傳感器(qi)安裝在(zai)距離(li)動平(ping)臺中心30mm~50mm處;
第一三軸加速度傳感器測得x方向加速度ax1和y方向加速度ay1,第二三軸加速度傳感器測得x方向加速度ax2和y方向加速度ay2,則動平臺中心處x方向的加速度
本發明相(xiang)對于現有(you)技術具有(you)如(ru)下的有(you)益效果:
1、本發明(ming)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)3-rrr(旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)-旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)-旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)分支(zhi)(zhi))并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)基礎(chu)上,在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)中兩個(ge)(ge)并(bing)聯支(zhi)(zhi)鏈中分別引入新(xin)的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)鏈構(gou)成平(ping)(ping)面(mian)五(wu)桿(gan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou),作(zuo)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)鏈,第三個(ge)(ge)并(bing)聯支(zhi)(zhi)鏈作(zuo)為(wei)被動(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)鏈,由于(yu)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)五(wu)桿(gan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)結構(gou)特點,它們對動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)的(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力不會(hui)同時與兩個(ge)(ge)復合鉸點的(de)連線平(ping)(ping)行(xing),所以(yi)可(ke)消(xiao)(xiao)除平(ping)(ping)面(mian)并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)奇異性問題;平(ping)(ping)面(mian)五(wu)桿(gan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)采(cai)用直接(jie)(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)進行(xing)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong),不含減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi),可(ke)以(yi)消(xiao)(xiao)除傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)影響,直接(jie)(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中摩擦很小、運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)穩,所以(yi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和控(kong)制效果更好(hao);動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)上設置了(le)兩個(ge)(ge)三軸加速(su)(su)(su)度(du)傳感器(qi),采(cai)用兩個(ge)(ge)三軸加速(su)(su)(su)度(du)傳感器(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)末端測量動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)信(xin)息,形成一個(ge)(ge)全閉環反饋電(dian)路,根(gen)據反饋的(de)信(xin)息可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現對動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)精準控(kong)制,從而(er)穩定、準確、快速(su)(su)(su)的(de)到(dao)達(da)指定位置。
2、本發(fa)明的(de)(de)平面五桿機(ji)構,使得(de)整(zheng)個(ge)平面并聯機(ji)構的(de)(de)運(yun)動學正逆解更(geng)加(jia)簡(jian)單,提高(gao)了(le)整(zheng)個(ge)平面并聯機(ji)構的(de)(de)操作性能(neng),但不會損(sun)失末端動平臺的(de)(de)自由度。
3、本發(fa)明的(de)兩(liang)(liang)個平面五桿機構都(dou)采用兩(liang)(liang)個直(zhi)接(jie)驅動(dong)旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)機,結合(he)控(kong)(kong)制單元,即有(you)四套電(dian)機系統,而末端平臺只有(you)三個自(zi)由度,形成驅動(dong)冗(rong)余,可以使得(de)控(kong)(kong)制更加靈活。
4、本(ben)發(fa)明可(ke)以根據實(shi)際需要,合理設(she)計(ji)平(ping)面五桿機構的主動桿和(he)從動桿的長(chang)度(du),避免出現兩桿平(ping)行(xing)的情況,導(dao)致平(ping)面并(bing)聯機構的奇(qi)異構型。
附圖說明
圖1為本(ben)發明實施例1的(de)平面并聯機(ji)構控制裝置(zhi)總體結構示意(yi)圖。
圖2為本(ben)發(fa)明實(shi)施例1的平面并(bing)聯機構(gou)控制(zhi)裝置(zhi)中(zhong)平面并(bing)聯機構(gou)本(ben)體的俯視圖。
圖(tu)3為(wei)本發明實(shi)施(shi)例1的(de)平(ping)面并聯機構控制裝置中平(ping)面并聯機構本體的(de)左視圖(tu)。
圖4為本發明實施例1的平(ping)面并聯(lian)機構控制(zhi)裝置中(zhong)動平(ping)臺安(an)裝三(san)軸加(jia)速度傳感器的結構示意圖。
圖5為本發明實施例1的平面并聯機構控制裝置中平面五桿(gan)機構的結構示意圖。
圖(tu)6為本發明(ming)實施例1的(de)平(ping)面并聯(lian)機(ji)構控制裝(zhuang)置中被動運動支鏈的(de)結構示意圖(tu)。
圖7為(wei)本發明(ming)實(shi)施(shi)例(li)1的平面并(bing)聯機構控制裝置中動(dong)平臺的加速度求解圖。
其中,1-動(dong)(dong)(dong)平臺(tai),2-靜(jing)平臺(tai),3-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)三軸加速(su)度傳感(gan)器(qi),4-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)三軸加速(su)度傳感(gan)器(qi),5-支撐腳,6-橫向支架,7-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),8-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),9-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)底座(zuo),10-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)底座(zuo),11-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),12-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),13-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)法蘭(lan)盤連(lian)接(jie)件,14-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)法蘭(lan)盤連(lian)接(jie)件,15-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),16-第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),17-被動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)級桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),18-被動(dong)(dong)(dong)二(er)級桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),19-軸承(cheng)套(tao)筒,20-軸承(cheng)座(zuo),21-計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),22-數據采集卡(ka),23-運動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制卡(ka),24-a/d轉換(huan)電(dian)路,25-直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)伺服單(dan)元。
具體實施方式
下面結(jie)合實施例及附圖對本發明(ming)作(zuo)進(jin)一步詳(xiang)細(xi)的描述,但本發明(ming)的實施方式不(bu)限于此。
實施例1:
如圖(tu)1~圖(tu)3所示(shi),本(ben)實(shi)施例提供了(le)一種雙五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)構(gou)驅動(dong)(dong)的(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)構(gou)控制裝置(zhi),該裝置(zhi)包括平(ping)面(mian)(mian)并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)構(gou)本(ben)體和控制單元,所述平(ping)面(mian)(mian)并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)構(gou)本(ben)體包括動(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺(tai)1、靜(jing)平(ping)臺(tai)2、被動(dong)(dong)運動(dong)(dong)支鏈和兩個平(ping)面(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)構(gou),圖(tu)1中的(de)虛(xu)線連(lian)(lian)接表示(shi)電信號(hao)與平(ping)面(mian)(mian)并(bing)聯機(ji)(ji)構(gou)本(ben)體的(de)連(lian)(lian)接圖(tu),方向箭頭表明了(le)檢測和控制信號(hao)流的(de)傳遞方向;
如圖1~圖4所(suo)示,所(suo)述(shu)動(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)1為三(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)平(ping)(ping)板,本實(shi)施例優選采(cai)用(yong)等邊(bian)三(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)平(ping)(ping)板,在三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)邊(bian)角(jiao)處(chu)有(you)三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)孔,三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)邊(bian)角(jiao)處(chu)分別通過(guo)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)與被動(dong)運(yun)動(dong)支鏈、兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)平(ping)(ping)面五桿機構連接,在動(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)1上安(an)裝(zhuang)有(you)第(di)一(yi)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)3和第(di)二(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)4,第(di)一(yi)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)3安(an)裝(zhuang)在動(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)1的中(zhong)(zhong)心處(chu),第(di)二(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)4安(an)裝(zhuang)在距離(li)動(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)1中(zhong)(zhong)心40mm處(chu),且第(di)一(yi)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)3和第(di)二(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)4位于水(shui)平(ping)(ping)狀態,第(di)一(yi)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)3和第(di)二(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)軸(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)4用(yong)于檢測動(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)1的平(ping)(ping)動(dong)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)信(xin)息(xi)和轉(zhuan)動(dong)加(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)信(xin)息(xi);
在本(ben)實施例中(zhong),第(di)一(yi)三軸加速(su)度傳感器(qi)3和第(di)二三軸加速(su)度傳感器(qi)4均采(cai)用kistler公司的電(dian)(dian)容式傳感器(qi),其型號(hao)為8395a010at,靈敏度為400mv/g,量程為±10g,因為其內部有放大電(dian)(dian)路,需要外接電(dian)(dian)源供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。
所述靜平(ping)臺2為方形型材座,用(yong)于支(zhi)撐整個平(ping)面(mian)并(bing)聯機構本體,底(di)部具有四個支(zhi)撐腳5,每兩個相鄰的支(zhi)撐腳5之間(jian)安裝一橫向(xiang)支(zhi)架6;
如圖1~圖3、圖5所(suo)示,每個(ge)平(ping)(ping)面五桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)機(ji)構包括(kuo)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)7、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)8、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)機(ji)底(di)座9、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)電(dian)機(ji)底(di)座10、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)11、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)12、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)法蘭(lan)盤(pan)連(lian)接件(jian)13、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)法蘭(lan)盤(pan)連(lian)接件(jian)14、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)15和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)16,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)7通過第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)機(ji)底(di)座9固(gu)定(ding)在靜平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)2上,并與第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)法蘭(lan)盤(pan)連(lian)接件(jian)13連(lian)接,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)11的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)通過螺釘固(gu)定(ding)在第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)法蘭(lan)盤(pan)連(lian)接件(jian)13上,另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)通過轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)與第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)15的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)鉸接在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起;同理,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)8通過第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)電(dian)機(ji)底(di)座10固(gu)定(ding)在靜平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)2上,并與第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)法蘭(lan)盤(pan)連(lian)接件(jian)14連(lian)接,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)12的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)通過螺釘固(gu)定(ding)在第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)法蘭(lan)盤(pan)連(lian)接件(jian)14上,另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)通過轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)與第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)16的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)鉸接在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起;第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)11、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)16的(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)通過轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)與動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)1的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)邊(bian)角處(chu)鉸接在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起,構成復合鉸鏈結(jie)構;第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)7驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),依次帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)11和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)15運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),同時(shi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)5驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),依次帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)9和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)16運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),進而(er)使(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)1運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),而(er)被動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)支鏈則是動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)1的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)下(xia)被迫運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),起到(dao)約束和承載的(de)(de)作用。
在(zai)本實施例(li)中(zhong),第(di)(di)一(yi)主動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)11和(he)(he)第(di)(di)二主動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)12位于(yu)(yu)同一(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian),第(di)(di)一(yi)從動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)15位于(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)一(yi)主動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)11的(de)(de)上(shang)方,第(di)(di)二從動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)16位于(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)二主動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)12的(de)(de)下方,動(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺1位于(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)一(yi)從動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)15和(he)(he)第(di)(di)二從動(dong)(dong)桿(gan)(gan)16的(de)(de)中(zhong)間;第(di)(di)一(yi)直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)7和(he)(he)第(di)(di)二直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)8采用的(de)(de)是新(xin)加坡的(de)(de)雅(ya)科貝思生產的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji),型號為adr135-a90,額定轉(zhuan)(zhuan)矩5.2nm,額定轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)147rpm,直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)除延續了伺服電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)特(te)性外(wai),因為其(qi)低速(su)大扭矩、高精(jing)度定位、高響應(ying)速(su)度、結構簡單(dan),減小機(ji)械(xie)損耗、低噪聲、少(shao)維護等獨(du)有的(de)(de)特(te)點,被廣泛應(ying)用于(yu)(yu)各行各業;一(yi)個平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)五桿(gan)(gan)機(ji)構的(de)(de)兩(liang)個直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)與另(ling)一(yi)個平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)五桿(gan)(gan)機(ji)構的(de)(de)兩(liang)個直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)關于(yu)(yu)靜平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺2頂部平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)中(zhong)心線對稱。
如圖1~圖3、圖6所(suo)示,所(suo)述(shu)被動(dong)運動(dong)支鏈包括軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)組件(jian)、被動(dong)一(yi)(yi)級桿(gan)17和被動(dong)二(er)級桿(gan)18,所(suo)述(shu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)組件(jian)包括軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)套筒(tong)(tong)19和軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)座(zuo)20,軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)套筒(tong)(tong)19的(de)轉軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)端(duan)插入到軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)座(zuo)20內,被動(dong)一(yi)(yi)級桿(gan)17的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)與軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)套筒(tong)(tong)19固定連接,另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)通過轉軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與被動(dong)二(er)級桿(gan)18的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)鉸(jiao)接在一(yi)(yi)起,被動(dong)二(er)級桿(gan)18的(de)另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)通過轉軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與動(dong)平(ping)臺1的(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)邊(bian)角處(chu)鉸(jiao)接在一(yi)(yi)起。
在本實施例中,被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)桿(gan)17與第一(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)11、第二主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)12位于同一(yi)(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)面(mian),所(suo)述(shu)被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)二級(ji)桿(gan)18與第一(yi)(yi)(yi)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)15位于同一(yi)(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)面(mian),在動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺1運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時,依次帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)二級(ji)桿(gan)18、被(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)桿(gan)17運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。
所(suo)述控(kong)(kong)制單(dan)元(yuan)包括計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)21、數據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)22、運動(dong)控(kong)(kong)制卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)23、a/d轉(zhuan)換(huan)電(dian)路24和直接(jie)驅動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)伺(si)服(fu)單(dan)元(yuan)25,計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)21分別(bie)與(yu)數據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)22、運動(dong)控(kong)(kong)制卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)23連(lian)接(jie),所(suo)述數據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)22通過(guo)(guo)a/d轉(zhuan)換(huan)電(dian)路24與(yu)第(di)一三(san)軸加(jia)速度傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)3、第(di)二三(san)軸加(jia)速度傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)4連(lian)接(jie),所(suo)述運動(dong)控(kong)(kong)制卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)23通過(guo)(guo)直接(jie)驅動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)伺(si)服(fu)單(dan)元(yuan)25與(yu)每個(ge)平面(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)構的第(di)一直接(jie)驅動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)7、第(di)二直接(jie)驅動(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)8連(lian)接(jie)。
第一(yi)三軸加速(su)度傳感器(qi)3、第二(er)三軸加速(su)度傳感器(qi)4檢測(ce)出動(dong)(dong)平臺1的(de)(de)(de)平動(dong)(dong)加速(su)度信(xin)(xin)息和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)加速(su)度信(xin)(xin)息,經過(guo)a/d轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換電(dian)路24進(jin)行a/d轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換,保(bao)存在數據采集卡(ka)中,由計算機進(jin)行調用和(he)處理;每個(ge)平面五桿機構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)直接(jie)驅動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機7、第二(er)直接(jie)驅動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機8內部的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)量(liang)式編碼器(qi)檢測(ce)出電(dian)機軸的(de)(de)(de)位置信(xin)(xin)息,經過(guo)直接(jie)驅動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機伺(si)服單(dan)元25和(he)運動(dong)(dong)控制卡(ka)23進(jin)行相(xiang)關處理,并反饋給(gei)計算機21,由計算機21進(jin)行控制量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)計算。
在本(ben)實施例中,數據采集(ji)卡22的型(xing)號(hao)為(wei)北京阿爾泰科技(ji)有限公司生產的pci-8193;計算機21選(xuan)用cpu型(xing)號(hao)為(wei)intel-corei74790,頻率(lv)為(wei)3.6hz,內存4g的計算機;運動(dong)控制(zhi)卡23為(wei)美(mei)國deltatau公司pmac卡系列的pmac2,首先對(dui)驅動(dong)器模(mo)(mo)式、電(dian)子齒(chi)輪比(bi),還有pmac2卡i變量進行配置(zhi),所采用的運動(dong)模(mo)(mo)式為(wei)位置(zhi)控制(zhi)模(mo)(mo)式,驅動(dong)器負(fu)載設為(wei)中,對(dui)應值為(wei)1,剛度為(wei)中性,值為(wei)3,電(dian)子齒(chi)輪比(bi)設為(wei)每一(yi)個脈(mo)沖對(dui)應電(dian)機轉動(dong)0.04°。
本實施例的(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)控制(zhi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),相比于(yu)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)3-rrr并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou),它在其中(zhong)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)(lian)支(zhi)鏈中(zhong)分別引入新的(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)鏈,構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou),第(di)三個(ge)(ge)并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)(lian)支(zhi)鏈由主動變成(cheng)被(bei)動(被(bei)動運(yun)(yun)(yun)動支(zhi)鏈),但并(bing)(bing)沒有(you)(you)改變機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由度(du),仍然具有(you)(you)三個(ge)(ge)自(zi)由度(du),即(ji)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)水平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)自(zi)由度(du)和一個(ge)(ge)轉(zhuan)動方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)自(zi)由度(du),而驅(qu)(qu)動電機(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)四個(ge)(ge)(每個(ge)(ge)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)各有(you)(you)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)),所(suo)以(yi)形成(cheng)了(le)驅(qu)(qu)動冗余,使該機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)冗余度(du)增加,控制(zhi)更加靈活;采用平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou),由于(yu)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian),使得整個(ge)(ge)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動學正(zheng)解和反(fan)解都(dou)較為容易,所(suo)以(yi)整個(ge)(ge)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可操(cao)作(zuo)性(xing)更高;另外(wai),由于(yu)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)特點(dian),它們對(dui)動平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動力(li)不會(hui)同時跟兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)復(fu)合鉸點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連線平(ping)(ping)行,所(suo)以(yi)可消除并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)奇異(yi)性(xing)問(wen)題;同時,平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主動桿利(li)用直接驅(qu)(qu)動旋轉(zhuan)電機(ji)(ji)(ji)作(zuo)為驅(qu)(qu)動器,不需要經過減速器等中(zhong)間傳動機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou),減少了(le)摩擦力(li)、間隙(xi)、非(fei)線性(xing)等問(wen)題,極大地提升了(le)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動控制(zhi)精度(du)和響(xiang)應速度(du)。
如圖1~圖6所示,本實施例還提(ti)供了一種平面并(bing)聯機構控制方法,該(gai)方法基于上(shang)述裝置實現,包括以下步驟:
步驟一、根據給(gei)定(ding)的軌(gui)跡、目(mu)標位置以及動(dong)(dong)(dong)平臺位姿(zi),在計(ji)算機(ji)29內進行運動(dong)(dong)(dong)學逆解,得到每個電機(ji)軸的輸出量(liang),計(ji)算機(ji)21通(tong)過運動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)卡23將控制(zhi)量(liang)輸出到直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉電機(ji)伺(si)服(fu)單(dan)元25,控制(zhi)直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉電機(ji)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong),從(cong)而使動(dong)(dong)(dong)平臺1運動(dong)(dong)(dong);
步驟二、在動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺1的(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中,動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺1上的(de)第一三軸加速(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器3、第二三軸加速(su)(su)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)器4實時測得(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺1的(de)平(ping)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)加速(su)(su)度(du)(du)信(xin)息(xi)和轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)加速(su)(su)度(du)(du)信(xin)息(xi),這些運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)信(xin)息(xi)經過(guo)a/d轉(zhuan)換(huan)電路24進(jin)行(xing)(xing)a/d轉(zhuan)換(huan),保存在數(shu)據采集卡(ka)22中,由計(ji)算(suan)機21進(jin)行(xing)(xing)調用和處理;
同時,直(zhi)接(jie)驅動旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)內部的增量式編碼器(qi)檢(jian)測(ce)出電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)軸(zhou)的位置信息,經過(guo)直(zhi)接(jie)驅動旋轉電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)伺服單(dan)元25和(he)運動控制卡23進行相關處(chu)理,并反(fan)饋給計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)21;
步驟三(san)、計算(suan)機根據(ju)步驟二(er)獲得的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺1的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)信(xin)息和(he)電機軸(zhou)的(de)(de)位(wei)置信(xin)息,通(tong)過(guo)控制(zhi)算(suan)法(fa)計算(suan)出(chu)(chu)控制(zhi)信(xin)號,控制(zhi)信(xin)號首(shou)先通(tong)過(guo)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)卡20,然后輸出(chu)(chu)到(dao)直接驅動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉電機伺服(fu)單元25,驅動(dong)(dong)直接驅動(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)轉電機的(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong),進而控制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)平(ping)臺1按期望軌跡運(yun)動(dong)(dong)到(dao)指定位(wei)置;
步驟四、反(fan)復試(shi)驗,修改控制參(can)數(shu),使得控制精度達到預期(qi)的要求。
如(ru)圖7所示,上述(shu)步驟二中,所述(shu)動平臺上的兩個三軸(zhou)加(jia)速度(du)傳(chuan)感器實時測(ce)得(de)動平臺的平動加(jia)速度(du)信(xin)(xin)息和(he)轉動加(jia)速度(du)信(xin)(xin)息,具體(ti)如(ru)下:
動平臺1的三個邊角位c1、c2和c3,第一三軸加速度傳感器3測得x方向加速度ax1和y方向加速度ay1,第二三軸加速度傳感器4測得x方向加速度ax2和y方向加速度ay2,則動平臺1中心處x方向的加速度
實施例2:
本實(shi)施(shi)例(li)的主要特點是(shi):第(di)二三軸加速度傳感器4安裝在(zai)距離動平(ping)臺1中心30mm或50mm處(chu)。其余同實(shi)施(shi)例(li)1。
綜上所(suo)述(shu),本發(fa)明在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)3-rrr(旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)-旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)-旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi))并聯機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上,在其(qi)中兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)并聯支(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)中分(fen)別引入新的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)構(gou)成平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)機(ji)構(gou),作(zuo)為主動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian),第(di)三(san)個(ge)(ge)并聯支(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)作(zuo)為被動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian),由(you)于(yu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)特點(dian),它們對動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力不會同時與兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)復合(he)鉸點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)線平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)可(ke)消除(chu)(chu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)并聯機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)奇異性問(wen)題;平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)五桿(gan)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)桿(gan)采用直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電機(ji)進行(xing)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),不含減速器(qi),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)消除(chu)(chu)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),直接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電機(ji)在驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中摩擦很小、運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)穩,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和控(kong)制(zhi)效果更(geng)好;動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)上設置了兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)三(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)速度傳感器(qi),采用兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)三(san)軸(zhou)加(jia)速度傳感器(qi)在末端測量動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)信(xin)息(xi),形成一個(ge)(ge)全(quan)閉環(huan)反饋電路,根據反饋的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)實現對動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)精準(zhun)控(kong)制(zhi),從而穩定、準(zhun)確、快速的(de)(de)(de)到達(da)指(zhi)定位(wei)置。
以(yi)上所述,僅為(wei)本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)較佳的(de)實(shi)施例,但(dan)本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)的(de)保護(hu)范圍(wei)并不局限(xian)于(yu)此(ci),任(ren)何熟悉本(ben)(ben)技(ji)術(shu)領域的(de)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)在本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)所公開的(de)范圍(wei)內(nei),根據本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)方案(an)及其(qi)發(fa)明(ming)構(gou)思加以(yi)等同替換或改變,都屬于(yu)本(ben)(ben)發(fa)明(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)的(de)保護(hu)范圍(wei)。