本(ben)發明專利(li)所涉(she)及松(song)材線(xian)蟲病的防(fang)治技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，屬于林業(ye)工程技(ji)術(shu)(shu)領域。

背景技術：

松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)病(bing)是世界上最具(ju)危(wei)險(xian)性(xing)和國(guo)際1號(hao)檢疫(yi)性(xing)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業有(you)(you)害生物(wu)(wu)，俗稱松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“癌癥(zheng)”，又名(ming)“松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)枯(ku)萎病(bing)”。由于松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)媒介松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)褐(he)天(tian)牛羽化(hua)期長，傳播途徑(jing)廣，蔓延速度(du)快，危(wei)害較隱蔽(bi)，致死能(neng)力強，防(fang)治難度(du)大。目前，世界上尚無簡便、經濟可行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)治方(fang)法，徹底防(fang)治極其困(kun)難。2011年(nian)6月天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)國(guo)家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)首次發生松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)病(bing)疫(yi)情(qing)，對全(quan)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)資源構成嚴(yan)重(zhong)威(wei)脅，國(guo)家(jia)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業局(ju)(ju)2012年(nian)第(di)(di)2號(hao)公(gong)告(gao)(gao)將山(shan)(shan)(shan)陽(yang)縣(xian)列為松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)病(bing)疫(yi)區，引起了(le)(le)各(ge)級(ji)各(ge)部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)重(zhong)視。天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)國(guo)家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)位于秦(qin)(qin)(qin)嶺(ling)南麓陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)東南部商洛(luo)市山(shan)(shan)(shan)陽(yang)縣(xian)境(jing)內，總面積(ji)50.8平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)，主峰(feng)海拔(ba)2074米，是商洛(luo)市第(di)(di)二高峰(feng)。境(jing)內山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒疊嶂，奇峰(feng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)立，山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢陡峭，風光秀麗，有(you)(you)“秦(qin)(qin)(qin)嶺(ling)奇觀(guan)”之(zhi)美稱。其山(shan)(shan)(shan)險(xian)、峰(feng)秀、地特(te)(te)、林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)茂。有(you)(you)第(di)(di)四季(ji)冰川遺跡和喀斯特(te)(te)地貌奇觀(guan)，“天(tian)柱(zhu)摩(mo)霄”一(yi)柱(zhu)擎天(tian)，堪稱“秦(qin)(qin)(qin)嶺(ling)一(yi)絕”，刀(dao)背梁、如刀(dao)削斧劈，千尺崖(ya)(ya)，飛崖(ya)(ya)垂下，令人(ren)驚嘆；有(you)(you)連片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)華山(shan)(shan)(shan)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)天(tian)然次生林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)795公(gong)頃，紅豆杉林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)等珍(zhen)稀(xi)植物(wu)(wu)200余(yu)(yu)種，有(you)(you)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)麝等珍(zhen)稀(xi)動物(wu)(wu)40余(yu)(yu)種，是動植物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)堂，有(you)(you)中草藥1280余(yu)(yu)種，被譽為是秦(qin)(qin)(qin)嶺(ling)中藥材(cai)(cai)(cai)標(biao)本庫，被譽為秦(qin)(qin)(qin)嶺(ling)最美的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)名(ming)片。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)病(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生對天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)將是毀滅性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災難。鑒于此，我們在松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)病(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)治過程中，針對天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)殊地理地形條件，不斷探索研究，利用空可樂瓶制作了(le)(le)清潔環(huan)保，輕巧(qiao)耐用，運輸方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簡易誘捕(bu)器。三年(nian)來應用簡易誘捕(bu)器誘捕(bu)天(tian)牛4000畝(mu)，結合(he)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)間噴藥防(fang)治9000畝(mu)，我縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)材(cai)(cai)(cai)線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)病(bing)防(fang)控效果十分(fen)明顯，現已徹底拔(ba)除了(le)(le)疫(yi)點(dian)，有(you)(you)效地保護了(le)(le)天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及全(quan)縣(xian)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)資源安全(quan)，受到上級(ji)主管部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)肯定。國(guo)家(jia)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業局(ju)(ju)2014年(nian)第(di)(di)3號(hao)公(gong)告(gao)(gao)已撤銷(xiao)了(le)(le)陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)省商洛(luo)市山(shan)(shan)(shan)陽(yang)縣(xian)疫(yi)區。

技術實現要素：

簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)具體(ti)制作(zuo)方法是(shi)(shi)用(yong)喝完(wan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)樂(le)的(de)(de)2升(sheng)(sheng)塑料瓶(ping)(ping)，在距瓶(ping)(ping)口(kou)三分(fen)(fen)之一(yi)(yi)處(chu)（距瓶(ping)(ping)口(kou)10cm，即瓶(ping)(ping)口(kou)圓錐(zhui)體(ti)與瓶(ping)(ping)體(ti)交接處(chu)）水(shui)平(ping)剪開，將(jiang)剪下(xia)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)，瓶(ping)(ping)口(kou)朝(chao)下(xia)套(tao)入可(ke)(ke)(ke)樂(le)瓶(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)下(xia)半部(bu)(bu)，使兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)上部(bu)(bu)對齊，然(ran)后再對稱扎兩個(ge)小孔(kong)，用(yong)一(yi)(yi)根細(xi)鐵絲(si)或細(xi)尼龍繩穿(chuan)入兩頭(tou)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)扎緊，鐵絲(si)或繩中部(bu)(bu)留足掛置(zhi)長度，即成一(yi)(yi)個(ge)簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)。實際操作(zuo)中，于5-8月(yue)份，松褐天(tian)(tian)(tian)牛羽化(hua)期，每畝(mu)林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)在發病林(lin)(lin)分(fen)(fen)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)山頂、山脊、林(lin)(lin)道旁(pang)空(kong)氣流通等處(chu)，掛置(zhi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)。誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)下(xia)端應離地(di)(di)面1.5米(mi)左右。先在誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)內(nei)放入清潔棉花，再加(jia)入調(diao)配好的(de)(de)引誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)劑100毫(hao)升(sheng)(sheng)，以(yi)后每隔7日添加(jia)50-100毫(hao)升(sheng)(sheng)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)劑，若連陰雨(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)瓶(ping)(ping)內(nei)積水(shui)過多(duo)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)將(jiang)瓶(ping)(ping)內(nei)積水(shui)倒掉，重新添加(jia)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)劑。經設點調(diao)查，結果(guo)表明廠家誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)單(dan)只誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)牛數(shu)量比簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)多(duo)，但(dan)簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)比是(shi)(shi)廠家誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)3.6陪，誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)效果(guo)十分(fen)(fen)明顯。簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)與工(gong)廠加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)相比：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)降低防治成本(ben)。廠家加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)每個(ge)600元(yuan)(yuan)左右，每公(gong)頃(qing)掛置(zhi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)需600元(yuan)(yuan)費用(yong)，而自己制作(zuo)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)成品簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)最多(duo)需要(yao)1元(yuan)(yuan)，每畝(mu)林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)掛置(zhi)1個(ge)，每公(gong)頃(qing)15個(ge)只需15元(yuan)(yuan)，每公(gong)頃(qing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)節省防治費用(yong)585元(yuan)(yuan)；二是(shi)(shi)節能環保，便于操作(zuo)。自制的(de)(de)簡(jian)(jian)易(yi)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)變(bian)廢為(wei)(wei)寶(bao)，將(jiang)喝完(wan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)樂(le)的(de)(de)瓶(ping)(ping)子重新利用(yong)，制作(zuo)簡(jian)(jian)單(dan)方便，易(yi)操作(zuo)，便運輸，耐(nai)摔打，成本(ben)低，防治效果(guo)好，且為(wei)(wei)無公(gong)害防治，較(jiao)少(shao)環境(jing)污染(ran)。